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[PR]上記の広告は3ヶ月以上新規記事投稿のないブログに表示されています。新しい記事を書く事で広告が消えます。
--The Asahi Shimbun, March 16
EDITORIAL: We must stand strong to overcome this catastrophe
原発危機―「最悪」の回避に全力を
We are facing an unprecedented national crisis. In order to overcome it, we have no choice but to create firm bonds of trust between the government and the people, as well as between companies and the people.
これは未曽有の国家的危機である。乗り切るためには、政府と国民、企業と市民、それぞれの「信頼」という綱を、しっかり結び続けるしかない。
The disaster at Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant operated by Tokyo Electric Power Co. is becoming increasingly serious.
東京電力の福島第一原子力発電所の状態が深刻の度を増している。
Following hydrogen explosions at the No. 1 and No. 3 reactors, the No. 2 reactor exploded and a fire occurred at the No. 4 reactor.
１号機と３号機で水素爆発が起きたのに続き、２号機では爆発が、４号機では火災があった。
The suppression pool linked to the containment vessel that covers the No. 2 reactor has likely broken. There is a danger that highly radioactive substances could leak into the outside air.
２号機は、原子炉を覆う格納容器につながる圧力抑制室が壊れたようだ。強い放射能を帯びた物質が外に出るおそれがある。
Support their dangerous mission
■危険な作業支えよう
The No. 4 reactor was undergoing a regular inspection when the earthquake hit on March 11. There are also suspicions that the spent fuel rods in the suppression pool part of the reactor have broken because they were not sufficiently cooled.
４号機は１１日の地震のときには定期検査中だった。プールで保管中の使用済みの核燃料の冷却が不十分となり、燃料棒が壊れた疑いもある。
Four nuclear reactors in a single plant are still unstable and appear to be leaking radioactive substances. This is an extremely serious situation.
ひとつの発電所内にある四つの原子炉がいずれもまだ安定せず、放射性物質が漏れているらしい。極めて厳しい状況といえる。
The most important thing is to prevent large quantities of radioactive substances from spreading outside.
放射性物質が大量に、広範囲に外に出ることを何とかして食い止める。これが最も大切だ。
Under demanding and challenging conditions, desperate efforts to cool the reactors continue. We want to do everything we can to support those efforts so that this difficult and extremely dangerous work can progress as smoothly as possible.
厳しい条件の下、原子炉を冷却するための努力が懸命に続けられている。困難かつ危険を伴う作業ができるだけうまく進むよう、全力を挙げて支えてゆきたい。
At one point, workers had to be evacuated because a high level of radioactivity was detected inside the plant. While work needs to move forward, safety must also be ensured.
発電所内で高い放射線量が検出され、作業員が退避する事態もあった。安全を守りながら進める必要がある。
Yet lacking a power source with the limited capacity of pumps or other equipment, it is difficult to find an effective way to bring the situation under control. We need to gather knowledge and strength.
電源が得られず、ポンプなどの能力にも限りがあり、なかなか決め手となる方法が見いだせないのが現状だ。知恵と力を結集してほしい。
In response to the accident of the No. 2 reactor, Prime Minister Naoto Kan once again called on residents who live within a radius of 20 kilometers of the plant to evacuate and those who live between 20 and 30 kilometers of the plant to stay indoors. People are becoming increasingly anxious about how long the situation will continue.
２号機の事故を受け、菅直人首相は改めて半径２０キロ以内からの住民避難を呼びかけるとともに、２０～３０キロの範囲の人たちに屋内退避を求めた。いつまで続くのか、不安が広がる。
As many as 200,000 people have been asked to evacuate from the vicinity of the plant. They will be forced to put up with the inconvenience of staying at evacuation sites. To support them, the cooperation of local governments and residents will be indispensable.
原発周辺から集団避難を求められたのは約２０万人にも及ぶ。不便を強いられる避難先での生活を支えるため、受け入れ先の自治体、地元住民の協力が欠かせない。
Trust the public and disclose information
■国民信じ情報開示を
Kan is the only person who can guide the nation to overcome this crisis. We urge him to give first priority to protecting citizens' lives and act in unison with TEPCO to deal with the difficult situation.
危機にあたって陣頭指揮をとるべきは、菅首相をおいて他にいない。国民の生命を守ることを最優先に、東電と一体となって難局に臨んでほしい。
The prime minister visited TEPCO's head office Tuesday and told officials: "You are the only ones (who can do this job). You have to brace yourselves." From the perspective of citizens, his words also apply to the government and the prime minister himself.
首相はきのう東電本店に乗り込み、「あなたたちしかいない。覚悟を決めてください」と叱咤（しった）した。国民から見れば、その言葉はそのまま政府、そして首相自身にも当てはまる。
Many citizens and government officials have begun to distrust TEPCO because of the way it has dealt with the situation and the delay in releasing information. What is important at this juncture is for all those concerned to come together to overcome the crisis.
情報伝達の遅れなど、これまでの東電の対応に不信感を募らせる国民や政府関係者は多い。ここは、あらゆる当事者が心をひとつにして、危機を乗り切ることが肝心だ。
First, the government and TEPCO need to closely share information and unify their chain of command. Why not seek the opinions of foreign specialists such as the International Atomic Energy Agency and the United States, both of which have pledged their cooperation?
まずは政府と東電が密接に情報を共有し、指揮命令系統を一本化する必要がある。すでに協力を表明している国際原子力機関（ＩＡＥＡ）や米国など、海外の専門家の知見も広く求めたらどうだろう。
The important thing at this juncture is to promptly and adequately disclose information.
いま重要なことは、迅速で十分な情報の開示だ。
Until now, at every turn, the government and TEPCO have stressed that everything is under control. We can well understand the need to prevent the public panicking.
政府や東電はこれまで、ことあるごとに大丈夫だ、と強調してきた。国民がパニックに陥らないよう細心の注意を払う必要はよくわかる。
However, if the government causes the public to suspect that it is hiding something, it could breed public anxiety. Crisis management depends on the public's trust in the government.
しかし、「政府は何かを隠しているのでは」との疑念を招けば、かえって国民の不安をあおりかねない。危機管理がうまくいくかどうかは、政府に対する国民の信頼にかかっている。
The government needs to have faith in the public and properly release information.
国民を信じてきちんと情報を提供しなければならない。
What is actually happening? What developments are expected? What about preparations and what action should be taken?
何が起きているのか、これからどんなことが想定されるのか、備えはどうなっているか、どう行動すべきか。
While doing its best to bring the situation under control, the government should simultaneously prepare for a worsening of the situation. If additional measures such as further evacuation become necessary, it must give prompt and appropriate instructions.
政府は事態の収拾に最善を尽くしつつ、さらに悪化した時をも想定して、対応策の準備を同時に進める責任がある。状況の変化に応じ、さらなる避難などが必要であれば、的確な指示を出すことだ。
Resilience of Japanese society
■日本社会の復元力を
The Japanese economy is also about to enter unknown terrain, having been dealt a double blow of an unprecedented nuclear accident, a mega-earthquake and calamitous tsunami.
日本経済もまた、大震災に加え、原発ショックに襲われ、未知の次元に陥りつつある。
At the Tokyo Stock Exchange, major stocks of electric power and electronic companies were sold one after another. The Nikkei average recorded the third-highest drop rate in history.
東京証券取引所では電力、電機など主力株が軒並み売り込まれた。日経平均株価は、史上３番目の下落率を記録した。
In the face of these unpredictable and turbulent developments that occurred one after the other, both businesses and the people are shrinking back in fear. We must not allow ourselves to fall into a vicious cycle.
次々と見舞う想定外の事態に、企業や人々は心理的に萎縮している。悪循環を抑えなければならない。
In order to stop the financial market contracting, the Bank of Japan has provided a total of 41.8 trillion yen ($518 billion) in funds, the largest amount ever. Every possible measure should be taken so that the economy does not fall into further confusion.
日本銀行は金融市場の収縮を阻止するために計４１．８兆円という史上最大の資金を供給する。経済がこれ以上混乱しないよう、あらゆる手をうつべきである。
Our patience, resilience and ability to solve problems are being tested. Let us act calmly. The world is watching us.
私たちの忍耐力、問題解決能力、復元力が試されている。冷静に行動しよう。世界もそれを見守っている。
We were prepared both mentally and materially against earthquakes to an extent. If we regard blackouts as an energy crisis, then we can say that we have already weathered one of those too, with the oil shocks. But this is the first time for Japan to face the ordeal of preventing radioactive leakage from a damaged nuclear power plant.
地震には物心両面でそれなりの備えがあった。停電をエネルギー危機ととらえれば、石油ショックを乗り切った経験もある。だが、壊れた原発からの放射能放出という事態は、日本にとって初めての試練だ。
Japanese industries were based on an interdependent supply system of advanced information, distribution, personnel and financial networks. When struck from the outside, they complemented each other and prepared to help each other to rebuild themselves.
日本の産業は情報、物流、人流、金融が高度に組織され、相互依存の供給体制を構築してきた。外から打撃を受けたときは、全体で補い合い、助け合って復旧に努める覚悟だった。
Now is the time for citizens to put up with inconvenience to give first priority to the provision of supplies to the stricken areas. The lives of people who survived a massive tsunami are still hanging in the balance.
今は国民が我慢を引き受け、被災地への物資供給を優先させるときだ。押し寄せる水から逃げのびた人が、なお生命の危険にさらされている。
With the government at the helm, desperate attempts to stop further damage continue. We must do everything we can to avoid the worst case scenario from occurring.
政府を先頭にして、打撃をくいとめようと懸命の努力が続く。最悪の事態を、なんとか回避したい。
EDITORIAL: We must stand strong to overcome this catastrophe
原発危機―「最悪」の回避に全力を
We are facing an unprecedented national crisis. In order to overcome it, we have no choice but to create firm bonds of trust between the government and the people, as well as between companies and the people.
これは未曽有の国家的危機である。乗り切るためには、政府と国民、企業と市民、それぞれの「信頼」という綱を、しっかり結び続けるしかない。
The disaster at Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant operated by Tokyo Electric Power Co. is becoming increasingly serious.
東京電力の福島第一原子力発電所の状態が深刻の度を増している。
Following hydrogen explosions at the No. 1 and No. 3 reactors, the No. 2 reactor exploded and a fire occurred at the No. 4 reactor.
１号機と３号機で水素爆発が起きたのに続き、２号機では爆発が、４号機では火災があった。
The suppression pool linked to the containment vessel that covers the No. 2 reactor has likely broken. There is a danger that highly radioactive substances could leak into the outside air.
２号機は、原子炉を覆う格納容器につながる圧力抑制室が壊れたようだ。強い放射能を帯びた物質が外に出るおそれがある。
Support their dangerous mission
■危険な作業支えよう
The No. 4 reactor was undergoing a regular inspection when the earthquake hit on March 11. There are also suspicions that the spent fuel rods in the suppression pool part of the reactor have broken because they were not sufficiently cooled.
４号機は１１日の地震のときには定期検査中だった。プールで保管中の使用済みの核燃料の冷却が不十分となり、燃料棒が壊れた疑いもある。
Four nuclear reactors in a single plant are still unstable and appear to be leaking radioactive substances. This is an extremely serious situation.
ひとつの発電所内にある四つの原子炉がいずれもまだ安定せず、放射性物質が漏れているらしい。極めて厳しい状況といえる。
The most important thing is to prevent large quantities of radioactive substances from spreading outside.
放射性物質が大量に、広範囲に外に出ることを何とかして食い止める。これが最も大切だ。
Under demanding and challenging conditions, desperate efforts to cool the reactors continue. We want to do everything we can to support those efforts so that this difficult and extremely dangerous work can progress as smoothly as possible.
厳しい条件の下、原子炉を冷却するための努力が懸命に続けられている。困難かつ危険を伴う作業ができるだけうまく進むよう、全力を挙げて支えてゆきたい。
At one point, workers had to be evacuated because a high level of radioactivity was detected inside the plant. While work needs to move forward, safety must also be ensured.
発電所内で高い放射線量が検出され、作業員が退避する事態もあった。安全を守りながら進める必要がある。
Yet lacking a power source with the limited capacity of pumps or other equipment, it is difficult to find an effective way to bring the situation under control. We need to gather knowledge and strength.
電源が得られず、ポンプなどの能力にも限りがあり、なかなか決め手となる方法が見いだせないのが現状だ。知恵と力を結集してほしい。
In response to the accident of the No. 2 reactor, Prime Minister Naoto Kan once again called on residents who live within a radius of 20 kilometers of the plant to evacuate and those who live between 20 and 30 kilometers of the plant to stay indoors. People are becoming increasingly anxious about how long the situation will continue.
２号機の事故を受け、菅直人首相は改めて半径２０キロ以内からの住民避難を呼びかけるとともに、２０～３０キロの範囲の人たちに屋内退避を求めた。いつまで続くのか、不安が広がる。
As many as 200,000 people have been asked to evacuate from the vicinity of the plant. They will be forced to put up with the inconvenience of staying at evacuation sites. To support them, the cooperation of local governments and residents will be indispensable.
原発周辺から集団避難を求められたのは約２０万人にも及ぶ。不便を強いられる避難先での生活を支えるため、受け入れ先の自治体、地元住民の協力が欠かせない。
Trust the public and disclose information
■国民信じ情報開示を
Kan is the only person who can guide the nation to overcome this crisis. We urge him to give first priority to protecting citizens' lives and act in unison with TEPCO to deal with the difficult situation.
危機にあたって陣頭指揮をとるべきは、菅首相をおいて他にいない。国民の生命を守ることを最優先に、東電と一体となって難局に臨んでほしい。
The prime minister visited TEPCO's head office Tuesday and told officials: "You are the only ones (who can do this job). You have to brace yourselves." From the perspective of citizens, his words also apply to the government and the prime minister himself.
首相はきのう東電本店に乗り込み、「あなたたちしかいない。覚悟を決めてください」と叱咤（しった）した。国民から見れば、その言葉はそのまま政府、そして首相自身にも当てはまる。
Many citizens and government officials have begun to distrust TEPCO because of the way it has dealt with the situation and the delay in releasing information. What is important at this juncture is for all those concerned to come together to overcome the crisis.
情報伝達の遅れなど、これまでの東電の対応に不信感を募らせる国民や政府関係者は多い。ここは、あらゆる当事者が心をひとつにして、危機を乗り切ることが肝心だ。
First, the government and TEPCO need to closely share information and unify their chain of command. Why not seek the opinions of foreign specialists such as the International Atomic Energy Agency and the United States, both of which have pledged their cooperation?
まずは政府と東電が密接に情報を共有し、指揮命令系統を一本化する必要がある。すでに協力を表明している国際原子力機関（ＩＡＥＡ）や米国など、海外の専門家の知見も広く求めたらどうだろう。
The important thing at this juncture is to promptly and adequately disclose information.
いま重要なことは、迅速で十分な情報の開示だ。
Until now, at every turn, the government and TEPCO have stressed that everything is under control. We can well understand the need to prevent the public panicking.
政府や東電はこれまで、ことあるごとに大丈夫だ、と強調してきた。国民がパニックに陥らないよう細心の注意を払う必要はよくわかる。
However, if the government causes the public to suspect that it is hiding something, it could breed public anxiety. Crisis management depends on the public's trust in the government.
しかし、「政府は何かを隠しているのでは」との疑念を招けば、かえって国民の不安をあおりかねない。危機管理がうまくいくかどうかは、政府に対する国民の信頼にかかっている。
The government needs to have faith in the public and properly release information.
国民を信じてきちんと情報を提供しなければならない。
What is actually happening? What developments are expected? What about preparations and what action should be taken?
何が起きているのか、これからどんなことが想定されるのか、備えはどうなっているか、どう行動すべきか。
While doing its best to bring the situation under control, the government should simultaneously prepare for a worsening of the situation. If additional measures such as further evacuation become necessary, it must give prompt and appropriate instructions.
政府は事態の収拾に最善を尽くしつつ、さらに悪化した時をも想定して、対応策の準備を同時に進める責任がある。状況の変化に応じ、さらなる避難などが必要であれば、的確な指示を出すことだ。
Resilience of Japanese society
■日本社会の復元力を
The Japanese economy is also about to enter unknown terrain, having been dealt a double blow of an unprecedented nuclear accident, a mega-earthquake and calamitous tsunami.
日本経済もまた、大震災に加え、原発ショックに襲われ、未知の次元に陥りつつある。
At the Tokyo Stock Exchange, major stocks of electric power and electronic companies were sold one after another. The Nikkei average recorded the third-highest drop rate in history.
東京証券取引所では電力、電機など主力株が軒並み売り込まれた。日経平均株価は、史上３番目の下落率を記録した。
In the face of these unpredictable and turbulent developments that occurred one after the other, both businesses and the people are shrinking back in fear. We must not allow ourselves to fall into a vicious cycle.
次々と見舞う想定外の事態に、企業や人々は心理的に萎縮している。悪循環を抑えなければならない。
In order to stop the financial market contracting, the Bank of Japan has provided a total of 41.8 trillion yen ($518 billion) in funds, the largest amount ever. Every possible measure should be taken so that the economy does not fall into further confusion.
日本銀行は金融市場の収縮を阻止するために計４１．８兆円という史上最大の資金を供給する。経済がこれ以上混乱しないよう、あらゆる手をうつべきである。
Our patience, resilience and ability to solve problems are being tested. Let us act calmly. The world is watching us.
私たちの忍耐力、問題解決能力、復元力が試されている。冷静に行動しよう。世界もそれを見守っている。
We were prepared both mentally and materially against earthquakes to an extent. If we regard blackouts as an energy crisis, then we can say that we have already weathered one of those too, with the oil shocks. But this is the first time for Japan to face the ordeal of preventing radioactive leakage from a damaged nuclear power plant.
地震には物心両面でそれなりの備えがあった。停電をエネルギー危機ととらえれば、石油ショックを乗り切った経験もある。だが、壊れた原発からの放射能放出という事態は、日本にとって初めての試練だ。
Japanese industries were based on an interdependent supply system of advanced information, distribution, personnel and financial networks. When struck from the outside, they complemented each other and prepared to help each other to rebuild themselves.
日本の産業は情報、物流、人流、金融が高度に組織され、相互依存の供給体制を構築してきた。外から打撃を受けたときは、全体で補い合い、助け合って復旧に努める覚悟だった。
Now is the time for citizens to put up with inconvenience to give first priority to the provision of supplies to the stricken areas. The lives of people who survived a massive tsunami are still hanging in the balance.
今は国民が我慢を引き受け、被災地への物資供給を優先させるときだ。押し寄せる水から逃げのびた人が、なお生命の危険にさらされている。
With the government at the helm, desperate attempts to stop further damage continue. We must do everything we can to avoid the worst case scenario from occurring.
政府を先頭にして、打撃をくいとめようと懸命の努力が続く。最悪の事態を、なんとか回避したい。
PR
今朝は４時起床、NHK、TBS、BBSをみる。
日本では大きな動きなし。
世界ではバーレーン、リビア、イスラエル・パレスチナ情勢をチェック。
福島原発が気になるが、とりあえず英字新聞を掲載する。
昨日の天皇陛下のお言葉がまだ残っている。
苦しみを国民皆（みな）で分かち合って…。
陛下は夜、電気を消してローソクで過ごされている。
銀座のバーなどは明かりを落とすべし。
（スラチャイ）
2011/03/16
--The Asahi Shimbun, March 15
EDITORIAL: The nation must join hands to overcome the crisis
計画停電―我慢と共助のときだ
Rescue workers are continuing their search for survivors of the gigantic earthquake and tsunami that destroyed wide areas in northeastern Japan on Friday.
太平洋沿いの被災地で救出活動が続く。
Hundreds of bodies are found daily in the affected areas, making increasingly clear the grim reality of the catastrophic damage inflicted by the mega-quake.
数十、数百と遺体が見つかり、つらい現実を突きつけられる。
For many survivors, a new, tough life in evacuation centers has begun.
厳しい避難所生活も始まっている。
It is essential now for the entire nation to share a commitment to the long-term efforts for mutual aid and support needed to overcome the crisis.
長丁場の助け合いへの決意を、国民全体で共有することが欠かせない。
Vast swaths of the nation have been hit by the disaster.
被災は列島の広範囲に及んでいる。
As the new week began Monday, great confusion broke out in the Kanto region early in the morning.
週明けの関東圏は、早朝から混乱に見舞われた。
After Tokyo Electric Power Co. announced a plan to introduce rolling power cuts throughout its area of service in response to a severe power shortage caused by the quake, Japan Railway and other train service operators hastily decided to cut down their operations.
震災で電力不足に陥った東京電力が地域ごとの「計画停電」を発表し、ＪＲをはじめ鉄道各社があわてて運休や間引き運転を決めた。
Many people living in Tokyo and its vicinity awoke Monday to find their commuter trains had been canceled. Stations on the limited number of lines where trains were in service were crowded with commuters.
朝起きてみたら通勤の足がなくなっていた、という人たちも少なくなかった。限られた運行路線では各駅がごったがえした。
Still, at many stations people patiently waited in lines for trains.
Then, they endured the ordeal of riding jam-packed trains without complaining.
それでも多くの駅では人々が辛抱強く列をなし、黙って満員電車に揺られた。
The orderly behavior of Tokyo commuters reflected their awareness of how survivors in the quake-hit areas are desperately searching for relatives amid piles of rubble, many of them without enough clothes or fuel to keep warm.
Commuters in the capital exercised self-control as they perceived their problems were nothing compared with the tremendous hardships the quake survivors are enduring.
がれきの中で十分な暖もなく、一生懸命に家族をさがす被災地の人たちを思えばこそ、「この程度のことで」と自制する気持ちが整然とした行動につながったようだ。
It became abundantly clear immediately after the earthquake struck that there would be serious power shortages.
電力が足りなくなることは、大震災の当初から明らかだった。
Probably, the vast majority of residents in the Tokyo metropolitan area do not have any problem with accepting the effects on their daily lives of the rolling blackouts and power conservation if it helps efforts to deal with the situation.
計画停電や節電による生活への影響を甘受してでも協力したいと考える人は少なくないはずだ。
But plans for power cuts must be crafted and executed carefully to minimize their impact.
だからといって、やぶから棒なやり方ではいけない。
It is necessary to announce exactly when and where the power supply will be stopped so that households and businesses in the targeted areas can adequately prepare themselves.
地域と時間を前もって知らせ、家庭や企業に準備を促すことが必要だ。
Doing so would help prevent confusion and lead to a larger saving on electricity.
そのほうが混乱を防げるだけでなく、節電の効果も上がるだろう。
What is especially worrisome about a power outage is its effects on people who need respirators or other electric-powered medical devices.
停電でとりわけ心配なのは、人工呼吸器など医療機器を必要とする人たちだ。
A prolonged power outage could be life threatening for home-bound as well as hospitalized patients.
入院患者に限らず、在宅療養している人たちにとっても、停電が長引けば命にかかわりかねない。
Explaining the confusion in the implementation of the power cuts, TEPCO said it made every effort to avoid outages up until the last moment.
混乱を生んだ理由について、東電側は「停電を避けようと最後まで調整したため」と説明した。
But not many people would get upset when a planned suspension of the power supply in their area has been canceled.
だが、計画停電をあらかじめ知らせておいた地域で結果的に停電がなかったとしても、それで怒る人は多くないはずだ。
The company should put priority on ensuring that its plans for power cuts are made known in advance to people in the areas to be affected.
事前の周知を優先したい。
It is certain that TEPCO's service region will face a chronic power shortage for the foreseeable future.
東電管内では当面、恒常的な電力不足が続くことに変わりはない。
It goes without saying that companies, governments and households should all do everything they can to save electricity.
企業も役所も家庭も、みんなで節電に取り組むべきであることは論をまたない。
But on Monday night most commercial facilities in the high-end Ginza shopping district in central Tokyo were brightly lit with neon.
都心部の銀座では夜になっても商業施設の照明やネオンが目立った。
There is still much room for power conservation. The government should urge companies and schools to take bolder measures to save electricity, such as halting operations, to see how much conservation can be achieved.
まだまだ節電の余地はある。政府は、企業や学校などに思い切った休業や節電を呼びかけ、どこまで成果が上がるかをまず試してみてはどうか。
A variety of measures should be combined to lower use of electricity during peak demand hours.
ピーク時の消費電力を下げるためには、さまざまな手法を駆使しなくてはならない。
In the aftermath of an unprecedented natural disaster, Japanese are ready to face inconveniences and tests of endurance.
未曽有の災害のただ中で、私たちには不便さや我慢を引き受ける覚悟がある。
The government should respond to the people's sacrifice by demonstrating a strong commitment to protecting their lives and property and reducing the confusion threatening their well-being.
だからこそ政府に求めたいのは、国民の生命と財産を守り抜き、かけがえのない生活を混乱から救い出すことである。
We hope the government will swiftly develop a clear policy for dealing with the situation so that it can capitalize on the people's great ability to help each other.
明確な指針を早く決め、国民の共助の力を大きく引き出してほしい。
日本では大きな動きなし。
世界ではバーレーン、リビア、イスラエル・パレスチナ情勢をチェック。
福島原発が気になるが、とりあえず英字新聞を掲載する。
昨日の天皇陛下のお言葉がまだ残っている。
苦しみを国民皆（みな）で分かち合って…。
陛下は夜、電気を消してローソクで過ごされている。
銀座のバーなどは明かりを落とすべし。
（スラチャイ）
2011/03/16
--The Asahi Shimbun, March 15
EDITORIAL: The nation must join hands to overcome the crisis
計画停電―我慢と共助のときだ
Rescue workers are continuing their search for survivors of the gigantic earthquake and tsunami that destroyed wide areas in northeastern Japan on Friday.
太平洋沿いの被災地で救出活動が続く。
Hundreds of bodies are found daily in the affected areas, making increasingly clear the grim reality of the catastrophic damage inflicted by the mega-quake.
数十、数百と遺体が見つかり、つらい現実を突きつけられる。
For many survivors, a new, tough life in evacuation centers has begun.
厳しい避難所生活も始まっている。
It is essential now for the entire nation to share a commitment to the long-term efforts for mutual aid and support needed to overcome the crisis.
長丁場の助け合いへの決意を、国民全体で共有することが欠かせない。
Vast swaths of the nation have been hit by the disaster.
被災は列島の広範囲に及んでいる。
As the new week began Monday, great confusion broke out in the Kanto region early in the morning.
週明けの関東圏は、早朝から混乱に見舞われた。
After Tokyo Electric Power Co. announced a plan to introduce rolling power cuts throughout its area of service in response to a severe power shortage caused by the quake, Japan Railway and other train service operators hastily decided to cut down their operations.
震災で電力不足に陥った東京電力が地域ごとの「計画停電」を発表し、ＪＲをはじめ鉄道各社があわてて運休や間引き運転を決めた。
Many people living in Tokyo and its vicinity awoke Monday to find their commuter trains had been canceled. Stations on the limited number of lines where trains were in service were crowded with commuters.
朝起きてみたら通勤の足がなくなっていた、という人たちも少なくなかった。限られた運行路線では各駅がごったがえした。
Still, at many stations people patiently waited in lines for trains.
Then, they endured the ordeal of riding jam-packed trains without complaining.
それでも多くの駅では人々が辛抱強く列をなし、黙って満員電車に揺られた。
The orderly behavior of Tokyo commuters reflected their awareness of how survivors in the quake-hit areas are desperately searching for relatives amid piles of rubble, many of them without enough clothes or fuel to keep warm.
Commuters in the capital exercised self-control as they perceived their problems were nothing compared with the tremendous hardships the quake survivors are enduring.
がれきの中で十分な暖もなく、一生懸命に家族をさがす被災地の人たちを思えばこそ、「この程度のことで」と自制する気持ちが整然とした行動につながったようだ。
It became abundantly clear immediately after the earthquake struck that there would be serious power shortages.
電力が足りなくなることは、大震災の当初から明らかだった。
Probably, the vast majority of residents in the Tokyo metropolitan area do not have any problem with accepting the effects on their daily lives of the rolling blackouts and power conservation if it helps efforts to deal with the situation.
計画停電や節電による生活への影響を甘受してでも協力したいと考える人は少なくないはずだ。
But plans for power cuts must be crafted and executed carefully to minimize their impact.
だからといって、やぶから棒なやり方ではいけない。
It is necessary to announce exactly when and where the power supply will be stopped so that households and businesses in the targeted areas can adequately prepare themselves.
地域と時間を前もって知らせ、家庭や企業に準備を促すことが必要だ。
Doing so would help prevent confusion and lead to a larger saving on electricity.
そのほうが混乱を防げるだけでなく、節電の効果も上がるだろう。
What is especially worrisome about a power outage is its effects on people who need respirators or other electric-powered medical devices.
停電でとりわけ心配なのは、人工呼吸器など医療機器を必要とする人たちだ。
A prolonged power outage could be life threatening for home-bound as well as hospitalized patients.
入院患者に限らず、在宅療養している人たちにとっても、停電が長引けば命にかかわりかねない。
Explaining the confusion in the implementation of the power cuts, TEPCO said it made every effort to avoid outages up until the last moment.
混乱を生んだ理由について、東電側は「停電を避けようと最後まで調整したため」と説明した。
But not many people would get upset when a planned suspension of the power supply in their area has been canceled.
だが、計画停電をあらかじめ知らせておいた地域で結果的に停電がなかったとしても、それで怒る人は多くないはずだ。
The company should put priority on ensuring that its plans for power cuts are made known in advance to people in the areas to be affected.
事前の周知を優先したい。
It is certain that TEPCO's service region will face a chronic power shortage for the foreseeable future.
東電管内では当面、恒常的な電力不足が続くことに変わりはない。
It goes without saying that companies, governments and households should all do everything they can to save electricity.
企業も役所も家庭も、みんなで節電に取り組むべきであることは論をまたない。
But on Monday night most commercial facilities in the high-end Ginza shopping district in central Tokyo were brightly lit with neon.
都心部の銀座では夜になっても商業施設の照明やネオンが目立った。
There is still much room for power conservation. The government should urge companies and schools to take bolder measures to save electricity, such as halting operations, to see how much conservation can be achieved.
まだまだ節電の余地はある。政府は、企業や学校などに思い切った休業や節電を呼びかけ、どこまで成果が上がるかをまず試してみてはどうか。
A variety of measures should be combined to lower use of electricity during peak demand hours.
ピーク時の消費電力を下げるためには、さまざまな手法を駆使しなくてはならない。
In the aftermath of an unprecedented natural disaster, Japanese are ready to face inconveniences and tests of endurance.
未曽有の災害のただ中で、私たちには不便さや我慢を引き受ける覚悟がある。
The government should respond to the people's sacrifice by demonstrating a strong commitment to protecting their lives and property and reducing the confusion threatening their well-being.
だからこそ政府に求めたいのは、国民の生命と財産を守り抜き、かけがえのない生活を混乱から救い出すことである。
We hope the government will swiftly develop a clear policy for dealing with the situation so that it can capitalize on the people's great ability to help each other.
明確な指針を早く決め、国民の共助の力を大きく引き出してほしい。
今朝の東電記者会見と同じ内容。
５階の燃料プールの記述は４階の床の部分３階の間違いだと思う。
使用済み燃料貯蔵プールから発生する水素ガスが酸素と反応したようだ。
世界中が固唾を飲んでなりゆきを見守っている。
東電の職員が命を張って放射線レベルの計測をしている。
頑張れ東電！
５階の燃料プールの記述は４階の床の部分３階の間違いだと思う。
使用済み燃料貯蔵プールから発生する水素ガスが酸素と反応したようだ。
世界中が固唾を飲んでなりゆきを見守っている。
東電の職員が命を張って放射線レベルの計測をしている。
頑張れ東電！
今朝は日本時間７時に起床。
東電の緊急記者会見をみた。
５時５４分４号機北西部より炎、放射線量が高くて近づけない。
水素爆発の可能性が高い。
４階（３階？）にある使用済み燃料の部分より出火したみたいだ。
それで放射線量が異常に高い。４００ms（ミリシーベルト）。
東電の社員が消防署に連絡して消防隊が向かっているが、放射線量が高いので消防隊も近づけないという。
放射線レベルにより防護服を選択する必要があり、東電の社員が命がけで４号機の周辺の放射線量を測定中！
がんばれ東電！
命がけの計測に敬意を表します。
東電の緊急記者会見をみた。
５時５４分４号機北西部より炎、放射線量が高くて近づけない。
水素爆発の可能性が高い。
４階（３階？）にある使用済み燃料の部分より出火したみたいだ。
それで放射線量が異常に高い。４００ms（ミリシーベルト）。
東電の社員が消防署に連絡して消防隊が向かっているが、放射線量が高いので消防隊も近づけないという。
放射線レベルにより防護服を選択する必要があり、東電の社員が命がけで４号機の周辺の放射線量を測定中！
がんばれ東電！
命がけの計測に敬意を表します。
今朝は日本時間７時に起床。
５時５４分４号機北西部より炎、放射線量が高くて近づけない。
水素爆発の可能性が高い。
４階（３階？）にある使用済み燃料の部分より出火したみたいだ。
それで放射線量が異常に高い。４００ms（ミリシーベルト）。
東電の社員が消防署に連絡して消防隊が向かっているが、放射線量が高いので消防隊も近づけないという。
放射線レベルにより防護服を洗濯する必要があり、東電の社員が命がけで４号機の周辺の放射線量を測定中！
５時５４分４号機北西部より炎、放射線量が高くて近づけない。
水素爆発の可能性が高い。
４階（３階？）にある使用済み燃料の部分より出火したみたいだ。
それで放射線量が異常に高い。４００ms（ミリシーベルト）。
東電の社員が消防署に連絡して消防隊が向かっているが、放射線量が高いので消防隊も近づけないという。
放射線レベルにより防護服を洗濯する必要があり、東電の社員が命がけで４号機の周辺の放射線量を測定中！
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Mar. 15, 2011)
Ensure disaster victims have daily necessities
救助と支援 被災者へ十分な生活物資を（3月14日付・読売社説）
Thousands of people are still waiting for rescue in the cold. Two days have passed since a large earthquake and tsunami hit the Tohoku and Kanto regions along the Pacific coast Friday afternoon. Rescue operations must proceed as quickly as possible.
今も寒さの中で、大勢の人たちが救助を待っている。大地震の発生から２日が過ぎた。救出を急がなくてはならない。
Police and firefighters from across the country have been mobilized, and the government will increase the number of Self-Defense Forces personnel dispatched for rescue operations to 100,000.
全国から警察や消防職員らが駆けつけた。政府は自衛隊の派遣を１０万人に拡大する。
Rescue teams from the United States, South Korea and Singapore, among others, went to disaster-stricken areas after arriving in Japan one after the other.
米国、韓国、シンガポールなど外国からの救助隊も続々と到着し被災地に入った。
Successful rescues have been reported from various parts of the devastated areas, including evacuations by helicopter of people stranded on a building's roof and a 60-year-old man rescued by a Maritime Self-Defense Force vessel after two days adrift at sea.
建物屋上で孤立していた人たちがヘリで救出されたり、沖合１５キロで漂流していた男性が２日ぶりに自衛艦に助けられるなど、救助の知らせが各地から入っている。
The death toll from the disaster is likely to top 10,000 in Miyagi Prefecture alone. Any and all means should be used to rescue as many people as possible.
犠牲者は宮城県だけで１万人を超える、との見通しもある。だが今は、一人でも多くの救出に全力を尽くすべき時だ。
We hope the authorities concerned will provide sufficient food, medicine and other necessities to people who remain stranded at their homes or who have evacuated to public facilities.
自宅や公共施設などに残っている人たちへは、十分な食料や薬などを届けてほしい。
Hundreds of thousands of people are huddled together in evacuation centers throughout the area.
各地の避難所でも、計３０万人以上が身を寄せ合っている。
===
Food needs acute
Food equivalent to 1 million meals a day is estimated to be needed at evacuation centers alone, and there is said to be a shortage of bread and rice at such places. Not a small number of evacuation centers are finding it difficult to secure enough water, as water trucks have not yet arrived.
避難所だけで１日１００万食近い食料が要る計算だ。パン、おにぎりなどが十分に届いていないという。給水車が未到着で、水の確保にも困る所が少なくない。
Emergency meal preparation service is being provided by community associations, but their powers are limited. A system for transporting daily commodities to the affected areas promptly and preferentially is urgently needed.
自治会組織の炊き出し支援なども行われているが、限界がある。食料や衣類など、生活物資を迅速かつ優先的に被災地へ送る態勢を確保しなければならない。
In addition, lifelines to areas that normally cover more than 1.5 million households in the Tohoku region and elsewhere have been cut off, as power outages continued Sunday night. Water and gas supply has also been suspended in various areas. We hope such services will be restored as quickly as possible.
ライフラインも寸断された。１３日夜も、東北地方などで１５０万戸以上が停電している。水道、ガスも各地でストップしている。復旧を急いでもらいたい。
Due to accidents at its nuclear power plants in Fukushima Prefecture, Tokyo Electric Power Co. said Sunday it would implement planned power outages from Monday in which it would suspend electricity supply to areas under its network in turns.
原発事故の影響で、東京電力は管内の各地域で順番に電気を止める計画停電を実施する。
In implementing the plan, care should be taken so patients who are recuperating at medical institutions or at home using medical equipment are not adversely affected.
医療機関や、自宅で医療機器を用いて療養中の患者らに悪影響が出ないようにする必要がある。
===
Volunteers key to recovery
From this point forward, volunteer efforts will grow in importance in the damaged areas. After the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake and the 2004 Niigata Prefecture Chuetsu Earthquake, various relief offered by volunteers through visits to evacuation centers and households proved incredibly helpful.
これからは被災地でのボランティア活動が重要になってくる。阪神大震災や新潟県中越地震でも、避難所や各戸を回っての様々な支援活動が、大きな力となった。
The government has appointed Kiyomi Tsujimoto--a House of Representatives member who has experience with a nonprofit organization--as adviser to the prime minister in charge of coordination of disaster volunteer activities. We want the government to unify the channels for volunteer work so aid can be dispatched efficiently to the stricken areas in line with their needs.
政府は、災害ボランティアの総合調整をする首相補佐官に、ＮＰＯ出身の辻元清美衆院議員を任命した。窓口を一本化し、被災地のニーズに合った計画的な派遣体制を作ることが求められる。
A great number of people certainly want to rush to the damaged areas, and campaigns to collect relief donations have already started.
一刻も早く駆けつけたいという人が全国に大勢いるだろう。被災地に義援金を送る運動も一斉に始まった。
After this great disaster, reconstructing a state of normalcy will most certainly be a long battle. All of us must pull together to support the recovery of the affected areas.
大災害から立ち直り、復興に至るまでの闘いが、長期戦になることは間違いない。国民全員で被災地を支えていくことが大切だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 14, 2011)
（2011年3月14日01時05分 読売新聞）
Ensure disaster victims have daily necessities
救助と支援 被災者へ十分な生活物資を（3月14日付・読売社説）
Thousands of people are still waiting for rescue in the cold. Two days have passed since a large earthquake and tsunami hit the Tohoku and Kanto regions along the Pacific coast Friday afternoon. Rescue operations must proceed as quickly as possible.
今も寒さの中で、大勢の人たちが救助を待っている。大地震の発生から２日が過ぎた。救出を急がなくてはならない。
Police and firefighters from across the country have been mobilized, and the government will increase the number of Self-Defense Forces personnel dispatched for rescue operations to 100,000.
全国から警察や消防職員らが駆けつけた。政府は自衛隊の派遣を１０万人に拡大する。
Rescue teams from the United States, South Korea and Singapore, among others, went to disaster-stricken areas after arriving in Japan one after the other.
米国、韓国、シンガポールなど外国からの救助隊も続々と到着し被災地に入った。
Successful rescues have been reported from various parts of the devastated areas, including evacuations by helicopter of people stranded on a building's roof and a 60-year-old man rescued by a Maritime Self-Defense Force vessel after two days adrift at sea.
建物屋上で孤立していた人たちがヘリで救出されたり、沖合１５キロで漂流していた男性が２日ぶりに自衛艦に助けられるなど、救助の知らせが各地から入っている。
The death toll from the disaster is likely to top 10,000 in Miyagi Prefecture alone. Any and all means should be used to rescue as many people as possible.
犠牲者は宮城県だけで１万人を超える、との見通しもある。だが今は、一人でも多くの救出に全力を尽くすべき時だ。
We hope the authorities concerned will provide sufficient food, medicine and other necessities to people who remain stranded at their homes or who have evacuated to public facilities.
自宅や公共施設などに残っている人たちへは、十分な食料や薬などを届けてほしい。
Hundreds of thousands of people are huddled together in evacuation centers throughout the area.
各地の避難所でも、計３０万人以上が身を寄せ合っている。
===
Food needs acute
Food equivalent to 1 million meals a day is estimated to be needed at evacuation centers alone, and there is said to be a shortage of bread and rice at such places. Not a small number of evacuation centers are finding it difficult to secure enough water, as water trucks have not yet arrived.
避難所だけで１日１００万食近い食料が要る計算だ。パン、おにぎりなどが十分に届いていないという。給水車が未到着で、水の確保にも困る所が少なくない。
Emergency meal preparation service is being provided by community associations, but their powers are limited. A system for transporting daily commodities to the affected areas promptly and preferentially is urgently needed.
自治会組織の炊き出し支援なども行われているが、限界がある。食料や衣類など、生活物資を迅速かつ優先的に被災地へ送る態勢を確保しなければならない。
In addition, lifelines to areas that normally cover more than 1.5 million households in the Tohoku region and elsewhere have been cut off, as power outages continued Sunday night. Water and gas supply has also been suspended in various areas. We hope such services will be restored as quickly as possible.
ライフラインも寸断された。１３日夜も、東北地方などで１５０万戸以上が停電している。水道、ガスも各地でストップしている。復旧を急いでもらいたい。
Due to accidents at its nuclear power plants in Fukushima Prefecture, Tokyo Electric Power Co. said Sunday it would implement planned power outages from Monday in which it would suspend electricity supply to areas under its network in turns.
原発事故の影響で、東京電力は管内の各地域で順番に電気を止める計画停電を実施する。
In implementing the plan, care should be taken so patients who are recuperating at medical institutions or at home using medical equipment are not adversely affected.
医療機関や、自宅で医療機器を用いて療養中の患者らに悪影響が出ないようにする必要がある。
===
Volunteers key to recovery
From this point forward, volunteer efforts will grow in importance in the damaged areas. After the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake and the 2004 Niigata Prefecture Chuetsu Earthquake, various relief offered by volunteers through visits to evacuation centers and households proved incredibly helpful.
これからは被災地でのボランティア活動が重要になってくる。阪神大震災や新潟県中越地震でも、避難所や各戸を回っての様々な支援活動が、大きな力となった。
The government has appointed Kiyomi Tsujimoto--a House of Representatives member who has experience with a nonprofit organization--as adviser to the prime minister in charge of coordination of disaster volunteer activities. We want the government to unify the channels for volunteer work so aid can be dispatched efficiently to the stricken areas in line with their needs.
政府は、災害ボランティアの総合調整をする首相補佐官に、ＮＰＯ出身の辻元清美衆院議員を任命した。窓口を一本化し、被災地のニーズに合った計画的な派遣体制を作ることが求められる。
A great number of people certainly want to rush to the damaged areas, and campaigns to collect relief donations have already started.
一刻も早く駆けつけたいという人が全国に大勢いるだろう。被災地に義援金を送る運動も一斉に始まった。
After this great disaster, reconstructing a state of normalcy will most certainly be a long battle. All of us must pull together to support the recovery of the affected areas.
大災害から立ち直り、復興に至るまでの闘いが、長期戦になることは間違いない。国民全員で被災地を支えていくことが大切だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 14, 2011)
（2011年3月14日01時05分 読売新聞）
昨日は朝からNHKで情報収集。
原発メルトダウン関連です。
今作業中の自衛官は、放射線量が1200マイクロシーベルトを超えてる事実はつたわっているか？
ブログ友から質問が届きました。
スラチャイの返信です。
このレベルは胃のレントゲン撮影を３回くらい受けたときのレベルだと言ってました。
午後１時過ぎにこのレベルに達しましたが現在では２００くらいで安定している。
自衛隊に伝わっているかどうかは報道されていません。
３号機、なぜこうなったのか？
推測ですが、あくまで最後まで真水にこだわり、機器を守ろうとした。
ポンプの故障を理由にあげているが、これはウソ。
ポンプはこの場面で故障しません。
海水に切り替えるのに躊躇した。
真水がなくなって炉心部の温度があがる限界まで我慢した。
その結果、外部に放出される放射線量がふえた。
最終的にここであきらめて海水を注入した。
それで現在炉心部の温度は下がって、放射線量も減ってきた。
これで間違いないと思います。
スラチャイは現場で数々のポンプを使ってきました。
スラチャイの目はごまかせません＾＾。
1200マイクロシーベルトは軽いというニュアンスの報道はウソ。
胃のレントゲンは瞬時。
瞬時*３回を1200マイクロシーベルト環境に長時間居るのと同じように報道している。
なぜ被爆者が２２人も出たのか？
時間のなせる技だと思います。
（スラチャイ記）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Mar. 14, 2011)
Make no mistakes handling N-accident
東日本巨大地震 原発事故の対応を誤るな（3月13日付・読売社説）
◆政府と各党は救援・復興策を急げ◆
The horrible damage caused by the massive earthquake that struck a wide area of eastern Japan on Friday has gradually become clear.
東日本巨大地震の、すさまじい被災状況が次々明らかになってきた。
Coastal cities and towns in three prefectures in the Tohoku region--Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima--have been devastated.
壊滅的な被害を受けたのは、岩手、宮城、福島など東北各県の太平洋岸の街だ。
Large tsunamis struck only minutes to several dozen minutes after the Tohoku Pacific Offshore Earthquake occurred, washing away houses and automobiles. The tsunamis even swept ships and boats inland.
地震の数分から数十分後に大津波に襲われ、住宅など建物のほか自動車、船舶までが内陸に押し上げられた。
Many fires also were reported. In Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture, the center of the city was almost completely destroyed.
火災も発生し、宮城県気仙沼市は、中心部がほぼ全滅した。
In Minami-Sanrikucho, about 10,000 of the town's total 17,300 residents were missing.
南三陸町では約１万人が行方不明になっている。
===
Safety must come first
◆大切な安全優先の原則◆
In a shocking development, the cooling system for the No. 1 reactor at Tokyo Electric Power Co.'s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant malfunctioned, causing an explosion that destroyed the outer wall of the reactor building. Many people must have felt shivers of terror as they watched the scene on TV news programs Saturday.
中でも懸念されていた東京電力福島第一原子力発電所１号機のトラブルは、爆発で外壁が崩れる衝撃的展開をみせた。その光景を映し出したテレビ映像に、戦慄を覚えた人は多かったことだろう。
For safety reasons, reactors at nuclear power plants are part of a three-layer structure. The innermost part, the reactor, is inside a container, which is itself housed in a reactor building.
原発は、安全確保のため、三重の構造をしている。最も内側は原子炉で、それを格納容器が覆い、外側に原子炉建屋がある。
It was this outermost part, the reactor building, that was damaged in the explosion.
爆発したのは最も外側の建屋部分だ。
The explosion was believed to have been caused by gas that leaked from the container, but the container was unharmed and continues to serve its purpose, according to TEPCO.
格納容器から漏れたガスが原因だが、格納容器は無事で機能も維持できているという。
However, the cooling system at the No. 1 reactor had not been functioning immediately after the great earthquake. The level of the cooling water decreased dramatically, exposing nuclear fuel rods and probably causing part of the fuel assembly to melt. It was the first serious nuclear incident in this country.
ただ、１号機では地震直後から冷却機能が作動していない。冷却水も減り、核燃料が水上に露出して熱で溶融したらしい。国内初の深刻なトラブルだ。
To deal with the situation, TEPCO decided to inject seawater into the reactor to completely cool it down. TEPCO had been reluctant to do so, because the salt and other substances in the water would made it difficult to operate the reactor in the future.
爆発という異常事態に、東電は、原発のすぐ近くにある海水を炉内に注入し、完全に冷却することを決断した。塩分などを含む海水の利用は運転再開を困難にするため東電はためらってきた。
We believe this decision could have been made much earlier, given the importance of safety first.
安全最優先の原則に照らせば、もっと早く決断することもあり得たのではないか。
===
Crisis management
◆問われる危機管理能力◆
Although the amount was small, radioactive substances were leaked outside the power station, heightening the general public's fears of nuclear contamination. Residents around the power station were forced to evacuate their homes and put to great inconvenience.
微量とは言え、放射性物質が外部に漏れるなど、国民は不安にさらされた。原発周辺の住民も、避難を強いられ、不便な生活を続けている。
We also question how the government has provided important information to citizens.
政府の情報提供のあり方も問われている。
The explosion took place shortly after 3:30 p.m. Saturday, but Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano did not officially admit there had been an explosion until about two hours later at a press conference. His announcement that there had been no large leak of radioactive substances and that the explosion did not take place in the reactor container came more than five hours after the explosion.
爆発は、１２日の午後３時半過ぎに発生した。枝野官房長官が記者会見して爆発を公式に認めたのは約２時間後だ。放射性物質の大量漏れはなく、格納容器の爆発でもなかったことを発表したのは５時間余り後だった。
Were these announcements too late? Edano did not mention any important information in his first news conference Saturday, such as the amount of radioactive substances released from the reactor or information about who should evacuate.
これでは、遅すぎるのではないか。しかも、最初の記者会見で枝野長官は、放射能の放出量や避難情報を含め、重大な情報には全く言及しなかった。
TEPCO and the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency of the Economy, Trade and Industry Ministry should closely cooperate to resolve the problems at the Fukushima No. 1 power plant's No. 1 reactor.
東京電力と経済産業省の原子力安全・保安院は、連携して福島第一原発１号機のトラブルに対処しなければならない。
Even if the scale of this earthquake was beyond the assumed maximum level in terms of quake resistance, lax crisis management should be severely questioned.
今回の地震が想定以上だったとしても、危機管理の甘さは厳しく問われるべきだ。
Nuclear power generation has become the fundamental source of energy in this country. However, the shock wave of the explosion may shake that position to its foundation.
原子力発電は日本の基幹的な電力源となってきた。だが、爆発の衝撃は、その位置づけを足元から揺るがしかねない。
===
Improve accident prevention
The Three Mile Island nuclear accident in Pennsylvania in 1979 caused no significant radioactive contamination outside the facility. However, the partial core meltdown fueled public opinion against nuclear power generation in the United States. No power plants have been built in that nation since the accident.
１９７９年の米スリーマイル島原発事故では、放射能による外部への影響はなかったが、炉心が溶融する異常事態に、原発への逆風が吹いた。この事故以降、米国では原発の新設が止まった。
The 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the former Soviet Union released large amounts of radioactive substances in that nation and others. More than 30 people were killed, many of them exposed to a considerable amount of radiation when extinguishing fires at the plant, for instance.
Many people developed thyroid cancer after the accident, which also fueled the anti-nuclear power movement, particularly in Europe.
旧ソ連のチェルノブイリ原発で８６年に起きた事故では、原子炉から大量の放射能が世界中に放出された。事故の際の消火活動などで３０人以上が犠牲となったほか、放射能で甲状腺がんになる患者が続出し、欧州を中心に、反原発運動が盛り上がりを見せた。
The government must reinforce its system for preventing accidents at nuclear power plants. If the government makes mistakes in handling such accidents, the utilization of nuclear power stations at home and abroad will be jeopardized.
原発事故を防ぐ体制を強化すべきだ。対応を誤れば、国内外の原発活用が危うくなる。
===
Save stranded survivors
◆孤立住民救出に全力を◆
The number of people killed and missing has been increasing steadily. Many people are still stranded at school facilities, on the roofs of buildings or under debris waiting to be rescued.
死者・行方不明者数も増え続けている。なお大勢の人が学校施設やビルの屋上、あるいはがれきの下などで救助を待っている。
Self-Defense Forces personnel, firefighters and police officers have already begun full-scale rescue and relief operations. Prime Minister Naoto Kan said he would mobilize many personnel from SDF garrisons all over the country. His administration announced the dispatch of 50,000 SDF members to quake- and tsunami-hit areas.
自衛隊や消防などが本格的な救助・救援活動を開始した。菅首相は全国の駐屯地から総動員態勢で臨むとし、５万人の自衛官を被災地へ送り込む方針だ。
What evacuees want most is information about the safety of their families and friends. We would like police, as well as central and local authorities, to do their best to reunite people as soon as possible.
避難住民が求めているのは、家族や友人らの安否情報だ。一刻も早く再会できるよう、警察や行政は手を尽くしてほしい。
This is one of the most serious emergencies since World War II, and all the nation's resources must be mobilized for disaster relief.
戦後最大級の非常時に、国の総力を挙げて災害対策に注力する必要がある。
During talks with Kan, all opposition party leaders pledged again to fully cooperate with the government. They even proposed suspending the current Diet session and delaying some of the unified local elections scheduled for April.
与野党党首会談で野党各党は、改めて全面協力する考えを示し、国会の当面休会や統一地方選の一部延期などを提案した。
What is most urgently needed is compilation of a large-scale supplementary budget to help quake-hit areas recover.
最も急がれるのは、災害から復興するための大規模な補正予算の編成である。
The reserve fund for the fiscal 2010 budget only has about 200 billion yen left, not enough for sufficient recovery measures.
２０１０年度予算の予備費は、２０００億円ほどしか残っていない。これでは本格的な対策を実施するのに全く足りない。
Both the ruling and opposition parties should compile a concrete proposal for the supplementary budget, including how to secure revenue.
与野党は財源の確保を含め、補正予算の具体案を早急にまとめなければならない。
They should pass the budget at the Diet as soon as possible and then turn to implementing the measures.
国会でできるだけ早く議決し、実施に移すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 13, 2011)
（2011年3月13日01時12分 読売新聞）
原発メルトダウン関連です。
今作業中の自衛官は、放射線量が1200マイクロシーベルトを超えてる事実はつたわっているか？
ブログ友から質問が届きました。
スラチャイの返信です。
このレベルは胃のレントゲン撮影を３回くらい受けたときのレベルだと言ってました。
午後１時過ぎにこのレベルに達しましたが現在では２００くらいで安定している。
自衛隊に伝わっているかどうかは報道されていません。
３号機、なぜこうなったのか？
推測ですが、あくまで最後まで真水にこだわり、機器を守ろうとした。
ポンプの故障を理由にあげているが、これはウソ。
ポンプはこの場面で故障しません。
海水に切り替えるのに躊躇した。
真水がなくなって炉心部の温度があがる限界まで我慢した。
その結果、外部に放出される放射線量がふえた。
最終的にここであきらめて海水を注入した。
それで現在炉心部の温度は下がって、放射線量も減ってきた。
これで間違いないと思います。
スラチャイは現場で数々のポンプを使ってきました。
スラチャイの目はごまかせません＾＾。
1200マイクロシーベルトは軽いというニュアンスの報道はウソ。
胃のレントゲンは瞬時。
瞬時*３回を1200マイクロシーベルト環境に長時間居るのと同じように報道している。
なぜ被爆者が２２人も出たのか？
時間のなせる技だと思います。
（スラチャイ記）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Mar. 14, 2011)
Make no mistakes handling N-accident
東日本巨大地震 原発事故の対応を誤るな（3月13日付・読売社説）
◆政府と各党は救援・復興策を急げ◆
The horrible damage caused by the massive earthquake that struck a wide area of eastern Japan on Friday has gradually become clear.
東日本巨大地震の、すさまじい被災状況が次々明らかになってきた。
Coastal cities and towns in three prefectures in the Tohoku region--Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima--have been devastated.
壊滅的な被害を受けたのは、岩手、宮城、福島など東北各県の太平洋岸の街だ。
Large tsunamis struck only minutes to several dozen minutes after the Tohoku Pacific Offshore Earthquake occurred, washing away houses and automobiles. The tsunamis even swept ships and boats inland.
地震の数分から数十分後に大津波に襲われ、住宅など建物のほか自動車、船舶までが内陸に押し上げられた。
Many fires also were reported. In Kesennuma, Miyagi Prefecture, the center of the city was almost completely destroyed.
火災も発生し、宮城県気仙沼市は、中心部がほぼ全滅した。
In Minami-Sanrikucho, about 10,000 of the town's total 17,300 residents were missing.
南三陸町では約１万人が行方不明になっている。
===
Safety must come first
◆大切な安全優先の原則◆
In a shocking development, the cooling system for the No. 1 reactor at Tokyo Electric Power Co.'s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant malfunctioned, causing an explosion that destroyed the outer wall of the reactor building. Many people must have felt shivers of terror as they watched the scene on TV news programs Saturday.
中でも懸念されていた東京電力福島第一原子力発電所１号機のトラブルは、爆発で外壁が崩れる衝撃的展開をみせた。その光景を映し出したテレビ映像に、戦慄を覚えた人は多かったことだろう。
For safety reasons, reactors at nuclear power plants are part of a three-layer structure. The innermost part, the reactor, is inside a container, which is itself housed in a reactor building.
原発は、安全確保のため、三重の構造をしている。最も内側は原子炉で、それを格納容器が覆い、外側に原子炉建屋がある。
It was this outermost part, the reactor building, that was damaged in the explosion.
爆発したのは最も外側の建屋部分だ。
The explosion was believed to have been caused by gas that leaked from the container, but the container was unharmed and continues to serve its purpose, according to TEPCO.
格納容器から漏れたガスが原因だが、格納容器は無事で機能も維持できているという。
However, the cooling system at the No. 1 reactor had not been functioning immediately after the great earthquake. The level of the cooling water decreased dramatically, exposing nuclear fuel rods and probably causing part of the fuel assembly to melt. It was the first serious nuclear incident in this country.
ただ、１号機では地震直後から冷却機能が作動していない。冷却水も減り、核燃料が水上に露出して熱で溶融したらしい。国内初の深刻なトラブルだ。
To deal with the situation, TEPCO decided to inject seawater into the reactor to completely cool it down. TEPCO had been reluctant to do so, because the salt and other substances in the water would made it difficult to operate the reactor in the future.
爆発という異常事態に、東電は、原発のすぐ近くにある海水を炉内に注入し、完全に冷却することを決断した。塩分などを含む海水の利用は運転再開を困難にするため東電はためらってきた。
We believe this decision could have been made much earlier, given the importance of safety first.
安全最優先の原則に照らせば、もっと早く決断することもあり得たのではないか。
===
Crisis management
◆問われる危機管理能力◆
Although the amount was small, radioactive substances were leaked outside the power station, heightening the general public's fears of nuclear contamination. Residents around the power station were forced to evacuate their homes and put to great inconvenience.
微量とは言え、放射性物質が外部に漏れるなど、国民は不安にさらされた。原発周辺の住民も、避難を強いられ、不便な生活を続けている。
We also question how the government has provided important information to citizens.
政府の情報提供のあり方も問われている。
The explosion took place shortly after 3:30 p.m. Saturday, but Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano did not officially admit there had been an explosion until about two hours later at a press conference. His announcement that there had been no large leak of radioactive substances and that the explosion did not take place in the reactor container came more than five hours after the explosion.
爆発は、１２日の午後３時半過ぎに発生した。枝野官房長官が記者会見して爆発を公式に認めたのは約２時間後だ。放射性物質の大量漏れはなく、格納容器の爆発でもなかったことを発表したのは５時間余り後だった。
Were these announcements too late? Edano did not mention any important information in his first news conference Saturday, such as the amount of radioactive substances released from the reactor or information about who should evacuate.
これでは、遅すぎるのではないか。しかも、最初の記者会見で枝野長官は、放射能の放出量や避難情報を含め、重大な情報には全く言及しなかった。
TEPCO and the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency of the Economy, Trade and Industry Ministry should closely cooperate to resolve the problems at the Fukushima No. 1 power plant's No. 1 reactor.
東京電力と経済産業省の原子力安全・保安院は、連携して福島第一原発１号機のトラブルに対処しなければならない。
Even if the scale of this earthquake was beyond the assumed maximum level in terms of quake resistance, lax crisis management should be severely questioned.
今回の地震が想定以上だったとしても、危機管理の甘さは厳しく問われるべきだ。
Nuclear power generation has become the fundamental source of energy in this country. However, the shock wave of the explosion may shake that position to its foundation.
原子力発電は日本の基幹的な電力源となってきた。だが、爆発の衝撃は、その位置づけを足元から揺るがしかねない。
===
Improve accident prevention
The Three Mile Island nuclear accident in Pennsylvania in 1979 caused no significant radioactive contamination outside the facility. However, the partial core meltdown fueled public opinion against nuclear power generation in the United States. No power plants have been built in that nation since the accident.
１９７９年の米スリーマイル島原発事故では、放射能による外部への影響はなかったが、炉心が溶融する異常事態に、原発への逆風が吹いた。この事故以降、米国では原発の新設が止まった。
The 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the former Soviet Union released large amounts of radioactive substances in that nation and others. More than 30 people were killed, many of them exposed to a considerable amount of radiation when extinguishing fires at the plant, for instance.
Many people developed thyroid cancer after the accident, which also fueled the anti-nuclear power movement, particularly in Europe.
旧ソ連のチェルノブイリ原発で８６年に起きた事故では、原子炉から大量の放射能が世界中に放出された。事故の際の消火活動などで３０人以上が犠牲となったほか、放射能で甲状腺がんになる患者が続出し、欧州を中心に、反原発運動が盛り上がりを見せた。
The government must reinforce its system for preventing accidents at nuclear power plants. If the government makes mistakes in handling such accidents, the utilization of nuclear power stations at home and abroad will be jeopardized.
原発事故を防ぐ体制を強化すべきだ。対応を誤れば、国内外の原発活用が危うくなる。
===
Save stranded survivors
◆孤立住民救出に全力を◆
The number of people killed and missing has been increasing steadily. Many people are still stranded at school facilities, on the roofs of buildings or under debris waiting to be rescued.
死者・行方不明者数も増え続けている。なお大勢の人が学校施設やビルの屋上、あるいはがれきの下などで救助を待っている。
Self-Defense Forces personnel, firefighters and police officers have already begun full-scale rescue and relief operations. Prime Minister Naoto Kan said he would mobilize many personnel from SDF garrisons all over the country. His administration announced the dispatch of 50,000 SDF members to quake- and tsunami-hit areas.
自衛隊や消防などが本格的な救助・救援活動を開始した。菅首相は全国の駐屯地から総動員態勢で臨むとし、５万人の自衛官を被災地へ送り込む方針だ。
What evacuees want most is information about the safety of their families and friends. We would like police, as well as central and local authorities, to do their best to reunite people as soon as possible.
避難住民が求めているのは、家族や友人らの安否情報だ。一刻も早く再会できるよう、警察や行政は手を尽くしてほしい。
This is one of the most serious emergencies since World War II, and all the nation's resources must be mobilized for disaster relief.
戦後最大級の非常時に、国の総力を挙げて災害対策に注力する必要がある。
During talks with Kan, all opposition party leaders pledged again to fully cooperate with the government. They even proposed suspending the current Diet session and delaying some of the unified local elections scheduled for April.
与野党党首会談で野党各党は、改めて全面協力する考えを示し、国会の当面休会や統一地方選の一部延期などを提案した。
What is most urgently needed is compilation of a large-scale supplementary budget to help quake-hit areas recover.
最も急がれるのは、災害から復興するための大規模な補正予算の編成である。
The reserve fund for the fiscal 2010 budget only has about 200 billion yen left, not enough for sufficient recovery measures.
２０１０年度予算の予備費は、２０００億円ほどしか残っていない。これでは本格的な対策を実施するのに全く足りない。
Both the ruling and opposition parties should compile a concrete proposal for the supplementary budget, including how to secure revenue.
与野党は財源の確保を含め、補正予算の具体案を早急にまとめなければならない。
They should pass the budget at the Diet as soon as possible and then turn to implementing the measures.
国会でできるだけ早く議決し、実施に移すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 13, 2011)
（2011年3月13日01時12分 読売新聞）
今朝は早朝からNHKで情報収集。
首都圏の民間交通がほぼ復旧しているのに比べJR東日本は昨日に引き続き今日も運転を見合わせている。
公共交通機関を運営しているという自覚に欠けるのではと感じる。
厳しい条件は私鉄でもJRでも同じこと。
地震・津波で周囲に瓦礫があふれアクセスが出来なくなっている避難民が多数。
自衛隊がヘリで救援活動を開始するも、間に合っていない。
オバマ大統領の異例とも思われる早急な決断で、空母を含む艦隊７隻が到着している。
昨夜、東北沿岸に到着。空母ロナルド・レーガンを含む。
ここを基地にしてヘリによる救援活動が強化される見込み。
原発は炉心融解（メルトダウン）が発生しているようだ。
リークした水素ガスが爆発したらしい。外壁は吹き飛ばされている。
それで、周辺の住民が９名被爆しているのが検査で確認された。命にはかかわらないという。
原発の1基には海水を注入冷却中。再利用は難しいとのこと。
もう１基は冷却手段がすべて出来なくなってしまっていて非常事態宣言。
このままではチェルノブイリの二の舞い。早急に冷却水を注入する必要がある。まだもたついている。
チェルノブイリは過去最大の原発災害で被爆者多数を出した。今でも放射能をまき散らしている。
米国スリーマイル島では炉心融解（メルトダウン）を起こしている。これ以降米国では原発建設はなされていない。
日本でも東海村JOCの臨界事故は記憶に新しい。
それに北九州の玄海プルサーマルでは放射能漏れが観測されていたのに政府はだんまりを決め込んでいた。ひどい話だ。
今後、やはり我々はクリーンエネルギーに切り替える方向で進むべきだという思いを強くした。
（スラチャイ記）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Mar. 13, 2011)
Devote all possible resources to rescue, relief
東日本巨大地震 被災者の救助と支援に全力を（3月12日付・読売社説）
A huge earthquake measuring magnitude 8.8 hit eastern Japan on Friday afternoon. It was the largest ever recorded in the nation.
マグニチュード８・８と、国内観測史上最大の巨大地震が東日本一帯を襲った。
Several powerful jolts occurred in Tohoku and other regions, and massive tsunamis hit coastal areas. Many buildings collapsed and more than 70 casualties were confirmed by Friday evening. Scores of people are injured or missing.
東北地方を中心に、猛烈な揺れが何度も続き、大津波が沿岸に押し寄せた。建物も崩壊し、夜までに７０人以上の死者が確認された。けが人や行方不明者も大勢いる。
The government set up an emergency management headquarters headed by Prime Minister Naoto Kan, who ordered all ministers to do their utmost to save and help disaster victims. The Meteorological Agency said the latest quake would be called the Tohoku Pacific Offshore Earthquake.
政府は菅首相を本部長とする緊急災害対策本部を設置、被災者の救助と救援に全力を挙げるよう全閣僚に指示した。気象庁はこの地震を「東北地方太平洋沖地震」と名付けた。
Quick initial actions are the most important in dealing with earthquake damage. The government should mobilize every member of the Self-Defense Forces and all police and fire department personnel to implement every possible relief measure in cooperation with local governments.
迅速な初動体制が肝要だ。自衛隊や警察、消防などを総動員し、関係自治体とも協力して、万全の対応をとってもらいたい。
Television footage of disaster-hit areas showed devastation beyond all description.
被災地の模様を伝えるテレビ映像は、言葉を失うほどの惨状を映し出した。
Gigantic tsunamis swept deep into inland areas, rapidly engulfing homes, buildings and vehicles.
大津波が住宅やビル、自動車などを次々と巻き込みながら、陸地をなめ尽くすように内陸部へと押し寄せた。
Even in Tokyo, Chiba Prefecture and other parts of the Kanto region, located far away from the epicenter, several houses, condominiums and commercial buildings were damaged. Fires occurred at some of them.
遠く離れた東京、千葉など関東圏でも、住宅やマンション、ビルが損傷、火災も発生した。
Public transportation systems were paralyzed over wide areas, leaving a huge number of people unable to return home.
交通網も広域でマヒし、多数の“帰宅難民”が出ている。
The Tohoku region hosts many nuclear power plants belonging to Tokyo Electric Power Co., Tohoku Electric Power Co. and others. Nuclear reactors automatically stopped operating when the shocks occurred.
東北地方には、東京電力、東北電力などの原子力発電所が多数設置されている。運転中の原子炉は揺れで自動停止した。
However, a backup power system for cooling a nuclear reactor in emergencies remains inoperable at TEPCO's Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.
東電の福島第１発電所では、自動停止後、緊急時に原子炉を冷やすための非常用電源が働かない状態が続いている。
No effect on the outside environment has so far been confirmed. But the government declared a nuclear emergency and instructed residents within a three-kilometer radius of the nuclear power plant to evacuate as a precaution.
外部への影響は確認されていないが、政府は原子力緊急事態を宣言し、「念のため」として周辺半径３キロ・メートルの住民に避難を指示した。
Safety must be confirmed as soon as possible.
早急な安全確認が必要だ。
===
Remain alert
◆「阪神」の教訓を生かせ◆
Aftershocks are still continuing, and more tsunamis are likely to hit coastal areas. We must be on full alert.
余震が続いている。津波は今後も到来する可能性がある。しばらくは油断禁物だ。
Everyone should remain vigilant, paying attention to information about earthquakes and tsunamis on television and radio.
テレビやラジオなどで、地震や津波に関する情報に注意し、一人ひとりが警戒を緩めないようにしてほしい。
We hardly have an idea yet of the scale of the damage to people and property. The central and local governments first must do their best to assess the situation.
被災地の人的、物的被害の状況は、ほとんどわかっていない。政府や関係自治体は、まず状況把握に全力を挙げねばならない。
Rescue and relief operations were delayed after the Great Hanshin Earthquake in January 1995, which killed more than 6,400 people, because assessing the damage took quite a long time.
６４００人以上の犠牲者が出た１９９５年１月の阪神大震災でも、なかなか被災状況が判明せず、救助と救援が後手に回った。
However, the larger the disaster, the more difficult such assessment becomes.
災害の規模が大きいほど、全体状況の把握は困難さを増す。
Lifelines such as electricity, gas and water have been suspended in many areas. Telephones, the Internet and other forms of communication have connection difficulties. We must act in a level-headed manner and not panic.
電気やガス、水道などのインフラが止まった地域も多い。電話やインターネットなどの通信網も、つながりにくい状態だ。パニックに陥らず、冷静に行動することが大切だ。
The freezing weather in disaster-hit areas also is a source of concern.
被災地の寒さも懸念される。
People in the same companies, schools and communities should help each other. Local residents' rescue and relief activities helped minimize the damage from the Great Hanshin Earthquake and other major temblors that occurred after it.
会社や学校、地域で助け合うことも重要だ。阪神大震災やその後の大きな地震では、地域の人たちの救出・救援活動が、被害を最小限に抑えるのに貢献した。
===
Historically dangerous area
◆有数の津波危険地域◆
The Sanriku coast in the Tohoku region has always been in danger from large tidal waves.
三陸沿岸は、津波災害の危険に常にさらされてきた地域だ。
The earth's crust is made of many tectonic plates. The Pacific Plate and the North American Plate come together off the Sanriku coast and periodically cause large quakes.
地球を覆う岩板（プレート）のうち、太平洋プレートと陸地側のプレートが三陸沖の海底で衝突しており、周期的に大きな地震が発生している。
In addition, the Sanriku coast has what is called a rias shoreline, with many bays positioned in a complicated pattern resembling sawteeth.
しかも、沿岸は湾が複雑に入り組んだ「リアス式」と呼ばれる形をしており、押し寄せた津波がさらに増幅される。
This increases the size of tidal waves striking the area, which is considered one of the world's most dangerous areas in terms of tsunamis.
Massive tidal waves hit the Sanriku coast in 1896, killing as many as 22,000 people. This time as well, gigantic tidal waves over four meters high were reported on the coast.
世界屈指の津波危険地域とも言われ、１８９６年の明治三陸大津波では、２万２０００人もの犠牲者が出た。
The only way to save yourself from tsunamis is to escape to high ground as quickly as possible. However, the speed of the latest tsunamis was fearful. We are deeply worried about the damage they have caused.
この時と同じく、今回も各地で津波が高さ４メートル以上に達したと伝えられる。早く高いところへ逃げることが身を守るための唯一の手段だが、津波の速度はすさまじかった。被害が心配だ。
Scientists point to the fact that several quakes happened in conjunction with each other as one reason why the damage is so extensive. This means massive damage was caused by a large earthquake that triggered several other tremors in neighboring areas, something that has happened several times in the nation before.
今回の地震で、被害が広い範囲に及んでいる原因として、複数の地震が連動したことも指摘されている。大きな地震が隣接地域の地震を引き起こして大規模な被害をもたらした例は、日本でも過去に何度もある。
Scientists speculate that the largest quake, which happened first, triggered more than three earthquakes with different epicenters.
今回も、最初に発生した最大規模の地震が引き金になり、震源を変えて３回以上、大きな地震が続いたとみられている。
===
Kan must show leadership
◆与野党協力で対応急げ◆
The prime minister has asked people in disaster-hit areas to act calmly.
政府の緊急災害対策本部長の菅首相は、被災地の人々に向けて「落ち着いて行動してほしい」と呼びかけた。
Kan should recognize the latest earthquake as one of the biggest crises for Japan, and exercise strong leadership to save lives and help people in disaster areas.
今回の地震を、首相は日本の最大級の危機と認識すべきだ。
人命救助と被災地の支援に強いリーダーシップを発揮しなければならない。
The ruling and opposition parties should make a political truce for a while and concentrate their energy on measures to deal with damage from the quake.
与野党は当面、政治休戦して、地震対応に全力を傾注すべきだ。
Immediately after the earthquake, all the opposition parties--including the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito, which have been demanding the dissolution of the House of Representatives and a general election--promised to cooperate fully with the government.
衆院解散・総選挙を要求していた自民、公明両党を含め野党全党が地震後すぐ、政府に全面協力を約束した。
We think this was a very reasonable decision.
当然の対応である。
The government also has to prepare a large-scale supplementary budget to deal with damage from the quake.
大規模な補正予算も編成する必要がある。
The ruling and opposition parties should work together to help the government implement relief and restoration measures without delay.
与野党は協力して、政府が遅滞なく救援や復興作業に取り組めるようにすべきである。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 12, 2011)
（2011年3月12日01時00分 読売新聞）
首都圏の民間交通がほぼ復旧しているのに比べJR東日本は昨日に引き続き今日も運転を見合わせている。
公共交通機関を運営しているという自覚に欠けるのではと感じる。
厳しい条件は私鉄でもJRでも同じこと。
地震・津波で周囲に瓦礫があふれアクセスが出来なくなっている避難民が多数。
自衛隊がヘリで救援活動を開始するも、間に合っていない。
オバマ大統領の異例とも思われる早急な決断で、空母を含む艦隊７隻が到着している。
昨夜、東北沿岸に到着。空母ロナルド・レーガンを含む。
ここを基地にしてヘリによる救援活動が強化される見込み。
原発は炉心融解（メルトダウン）が発生しているようだ。
リークした水素ガスが爆発したらしい。外壁は吹き飛ばされている。
それで、周辺の住民が９名被爆しているのが検査で確認された。命にはかかわらないという。
原発の1基には海水を注入冷却中。再利用は難しいとのこと。
もう１基は冷却手段がすべて出来なくなってしまっていて非常事態宣言。
このままではチェルノブイリの二の舞い。早急に冷却水を注入する必要がある。まだもたついている。
チェルノブイリは過去最大の原発災害で被爆者多数を出した。今でも放射能をまき散らしている。
米国スリーマイル島では炉心融解（メルトダウン）を起こしている。これ以降米国では原発建設はなされていない。
日本でも東海村JOCの臨界事故は記憶に新しい。
それに北九州の玄海プルサーマルでは放射能漏れが観測されていたのに政府はだんまりを決め込んでいた。ひどい話だ。
今後、やはり我々はクリーンエネルギーに切り替える方向で進むべきだという思いを強くした。
（スラチャイ記）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Mar. 13, 2011)
Devote all possible resources to rescue, relief
東日本巨大地震 被災者の救助と支援に全力を（3月12日付・読売社説）
A huge earthquake measuring magnitude 8.8 hit eastern Japan on Friday afternoon. It was the largest ever recorded in the nation.
マグニチュード８・８と、国内観測史上最大の巨大地震が東日本一帯を襲った。
Several powerful jolts occurred in Tohoku and other regions, and massive tsunamis hit coastal areas. Many buildings collapsed and more than 70 casualties were confirmed by Friday evening. Scores of people are injured or missing.
東北地方を中心に、猛烈な揺れが何度も続き、大津波が沿岸に押し寄せた。建物も崩壊し、夜までに７０人以上の死者が確認された。けが人や行方不明者も大勢いる。
The government set up an emergency management headquarters headed by Prime Minister Naoto Kan, who ordered all ministers to do their utmost to save and help disaster victims. The Meteorological Agency said the latest quake would be called the Tohoku Pacific Offshore Earthquake.
政府は菅首相を本部長とする緊急災害対策本部を設置、被災者の救助と救援に全力を挙げるよう全閣僚に指示した。気象庁はこの地震を「東北地方太平洋沖地震」と名付けた。
Quick initial actions are the most important in dealing with earthquake damage. The government should mobilize every member of the Self-Defense Forces and all police and fire department personnel to implement every possible relief measure in cooperation with local governments.
迅速な初動体制が肝要だ。自衛隊や警察、消防などを総動員し、関係自治体とも協力して、万全の対応をとってもらいたい。
Television footage of disaster-hit areas showed devastation beyond all description.
被災地の模様を伝えるテレビ映像は、言葉を失うほどの惨状を映し出した。
Gigantic tsunamis swept deep into inland areas, rapidly engulfing homes, buildings and vehicles.
大津波が住宅やビル、自動車などを次々と巻き込みながら、陸地をなめ尽くすように内陸部へと押し寄せた。
Even in Tokyo, Chiba Prefecture and other parts of the Kanto region, located far away from the epicenter, several houses, condominiums and commercial buildings were damaged. Fires occurred at some of them.
遠く離れた東京、千葉など関東圏でも、住宅やマンション、ビルが損傷、火災も発生した。
Public transportation systems were paralyzed over wide areas, leaving a huge number of people unable to return home.
交通網も広域でマヒし、多数の“帰宅難民”が出ている。
The Tohoku region hosts many nuclear power plants belonging to Tokyo Electric Power Co., Tohoku Electric Power Co. and others. Nuclear reactors automatically stopped operating when the shocks occurred.
東北地方には、東京電力、東北電力などの原子力発電所が多数設置されている。運転中の原子炉は揺れで自動停止した。
However, a backup power system for cooling a nuclear reactor in emergencies remains inoperable at TEPCO's Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.
東電の福島第１発電所では、自動停止後、緊急時に原子炉を冷やすための非常用電源が働かない状態が続いている。
No effect on the outside environment has so far been confirmed. But the government declared a nuclear emergency and instructed residents within a three-kilometer radius of the nuclear power plant to evacuate as a precaution.
外部への影響は確認されていないが、政府は原子力緊急事態を宣言し、「念のため」として周辺半径３キロ・メートルの住民に避難を指示した。
Safety must be confirmed as soon as possible.
早急な安全確認が必要だ。
===
Remain alert
◆「阪神」の教訓を生かせ◆
Aftershocks are still continuing, and more tsunamis are likely to hit coastal areas. We must be on full alert.
余震が続いている。津波は今後も到来する可能性がある。しばらくは油断禁物だ。
Everyone should remain vigilant, paying attention to information about earthquakes and tsunamis on television and radio.
テレビやラジオなどで、地震や津波に関する情報に注意し、一人ひとりが警戒を緩めないようにしてほしい。
We hardly have an idea yet of the scale of the damage to people and property. The central and local governments first must do their best to assess the situation.
被災地の人的、物的被害の状況は、ほとんどわかっていない。政府や関係自治体は、まず状況把握に全力を挙げねばならない。
Rescue and relief operations were delayed after the Great Hanshin Earthquake in January 1995, which killed more than 6,400 people, because assessing the damage took quite a long time.
６４００人以上の犠牲者が出た１９９５年１月の阪神大震災でも、なかなか被災状況が判明せず、救助と救援が後手に回った。
However, the larger the disaster, the more difficult such assessment becomes.
災害の規模が大きいほど、全体状況の把握は困難さを増す。
Lifelines such as electricity, gas and water have been suspended in many areas. Telephones, the Internet and other forms of communication have connection difficulties. We must act in a level-headed manner and not panic.
電気やガス、水道などのインフラが止まった地域も多い。電話やインターネットなどの通信網も、つながりにくい状態だ。パニックに陥らず、冷静に行動することが大切だ。
The freezing weather in disaster-hit areas also is a source of concern.
被災地の寒さも懸念される。
People in the same companies, schools and communities should help each other. Local residents' rescue and relief activities helped minimize the damage from the Great Hanshin Earthquake and other major temblors that occurred after it.
会社や学校、地域で助け合うことも重要だ。阪神大震災やその後の大きな地震では、地域の人たちの救出・救援活動が、被害を最小限に抑えるのに貢献した。
===
Historically dangerous area
◆有数の津波危険地域◆
The Sanriku coast in the Tohoku region has always been in danger from large tidal waves.
三陸沿岸は、津波災害の危険に常にさらされてきた地域だ。
The earth's crust is made of many tectonic plates. The Pacific Plate and the North American Plate come together off the Sanriku coast and periodically cause large quakes.
地球を覆う岩板（プレート）のうち、太平洋プレートと陸地側のプレートが三陸沖の海底で衝突しており、周期的に大きな地震が発生している。
In addition, the Sanriku coast has what is called a rias shoreline, with many bays positioned in a complicated pattern resembling sawteeth.
しかも、沿岸は湾が複雑に入り組んだ「リアス式」と呼ばれる形をしており、押し寄せた津波がさらに増幅される。
This increases the size of tidal waves striking the area, which is considered one of the world's most dangerous areas in terms of tsunamis.
Massive tidal waves hit the Sanriku coast in 1896, killing as many as 22,000 people. This time as well, gigantic tidal waves over four meters high were reported on the coast.
世界屈指の津波危険地域とも言われ、１８９６年の明治三陸大津波では、２万２０００人もの犠牲者が出た。
The only way to save yourself from tsunamis is to escape to high ground as quickly as possible. However, the speed of the latest tsunamis was fearful. We are deeply worried about the damage they have caused.
この時と同じく、今回も各地で津波が高さ４メートル以上に達したと伝えられる。早く高いところへ逃げることが身を守るための唯一の手段だが、津波の速度はすさまじかった。被害が心配だ。
Scientists point to the fact that several quakes happened in conjunction with each other as one reason why the damage is so extensive. This means massive damage was caused by a large earthquake that triggered several other tremors in neighboring areas, something that has happened several times in the nation before.
今回の地震で、被害が広い範囲に及んでいる原因として、複数の地震が連動したことも指摘されている。大きな地震が隣接地域の地震を引き起こして大規模な被害をもたらした例は、日本でも過去に何度もある。
Scientists speculate that the largest quake, which happened first, triggered more than three earthquakes with different epicenters.
今回も、最初に発生した最大規模の地震が引き金になり、震源を変えて３回以上、大きな地震が続いたとみられている。
===
Kan must show leadership
◆与野党協力で対応急げ◆
The prime minister has asked people in disaster-hit areas to act calmly.
政府の緊急災害対策本部長の菅首相は、被災地の人々に向けて「落ち着いて行動してほしい」と呼びかけた。
Kan should recognize the latest earthquake as one of the biggest crises for Japan, and exercise strong leadership to save lives and help people in disaster areas.
今回の地震を、首相は日本の最大級の危機と認識すべきだ。
人命救助と被災地の支援に強いリーダーシップを発揮しなければならない。
The ruling and opposition parties should make a political truce for a while and concentrate their energy on measures to deal with damage from the quake.
与野党は当面、政治休戦して、地震対応に全力を傾注すべきだ。
Immediately after the earthquake, all the opposition parties--including the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito, which have been demanding the dissolution of the House of Representatives and a general election--promised to cooperate fully with the government.
衆院解散・総選挙を要求していた自民、公明両党を含め野党全党が地震後すぐ、政府に全面協力を約束した。
We think this was a very reasonable decision.
当然の対応である。
The government also has to prepare a large-scale supplementary budget to deal with damage from the quake.
大規模な補正予算も編成する必要がある。
The ruling and opposition parties should work together to help the government implement relief and restoration measures without delay.
与野党は協力して、政府が遅滞なく救援や復興作業に取り組めるようにすべきである。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 12, 2011)
（2011年3月12日01時00分 読売新聞）
昨日、インターネットで国会中継をみていた。
この日、朝日新聞が、朝一番で、菅首相が韓国人よりの政治献金を受けたという記事を掲載していた。
それで、自民党の議員が例によってネチネチと菅首相をいたぶっていた。
｢これらの５つより、首相の考えを選択しなさい｣って、まるで意地悪な教師が出来のわるい生徒をいじめる様。
スラチャイのテンションもあがりっぱなしでイラチャイ状態。
突然、テレビ中継で地震警報！
警報からわずか数分で国会が揺れだした。
それでテレビ国会中継は打ち切られて、地震関連ニュースばかり。
菅首相が審議を中止し首相官邸に戻り対策本部をたちあげたのを、あとのニュースで知った。
１０ｍを超す津波はまるで昔みたアメリカ映画、巨大津波がニューヨークを襲うシーンのようだった。
燃え上がる火の手、押し流される船、車、家屋、根こそぎ倒された樹木、農作物、飛行場の滑走路…。
大自然の大きな力の前に成すすべがない人々。
大きな衝撃を受けました。
地震でその尊い命を失った方々、大きな被害を受けた人々に対し、心よりお悔やみ申し上げます。
（スラチャイ）
毎日新聞の力作です。まるで情景がみえるようです。英文のみです。
↓
Massive Japan quake, tsunami leave scores dead
巨大地震、津波で多数の死者（スラチャイ訳）
TOKYO (AP) -- A ferocious tsunami spawned by one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded slammed Japan's eastern coast Friday, killing hundreds of people as it swept away boats, cars and homes while widespread fires burned out of control.
Hours later, the tsunami hit Hawaii and warnings blanketed the Pacific, as far away as South America, Canada, Alaska and the entire U.S. West Coast.
Police said 200 to 300 bodies were found in the northeastern coastal city of Sendai. Another 88 were confirmed killed and 349 were missing. The death toll was likely to continue climbing given the scale of the disaster.
The magnitude 8.9 offshore quake unleashed a 7-meter tsunami and was followed by more than 50 aftershocks for hours, many of them of more than magnitude 6.0.
Dozens of cities and villages along a 2,100-kilometer stretch of coastline were shaken by violent tremors that reached as far away as Tokyo, hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter.
"The earthquake has caused major damage in broad areas in northern Japan," Prime Minister Naoto Kan said at a news conference.
The government ordered thousands of residents near a nuclear power plant in Onahama city to evacuate because the plant's system was unable to cool the reactor. The reactor was not leaking radiation but its core remained hot even after a shutdown. The plant is 270 kilometers northeast of Tokyo.
Trouble was reported at two other nuclear plants as well, but there was no radiation leak at any.
Even for a country used to earthquakes, this one was of horrific proportions because of the tsunami that crashed ashore, swallowing everything in its path as it surged several kilometers inland before retreating. The apocalyptic images of surging water broadcast by Japanese TV networks resembled scenes from a Hollywood disaster movie.
Large fishing boats and other sea vessels rode high waves into the cities, slamming against overpasses or scraping under them and snapping power lines along the way. Upturned and partially submerged vehicles were seen bobbing in the water. Ships anchored in ports crashed against each other.
The highways to the worst-hit coastal areas were severely damaged and communications, including telephone lines, were snapped. Train services in northeastern Japan and in Tokyo, which normally serve 10 million people a day, were also suspended, leaving untold numbers stranded in stations or roaming the streets. Tokyo's Narita airport was closed indefinitely.
Jesse Johnson, a native of the U.S. state of Nevada, who lives in Chiba, north of Tokyo, was eating at a sushi restaurant with his wife when the quake hit.
"At first it didn't feel unusual, but then it went on and on. So I got myself and my wife under the table," he told The Associated Press. "I've lived in Japan for 10 years and I've never felt anything like this before. The aftershocks keep coming. It's gotten to the point where I don't know whether it's me shaking or an earthquake."
Waves of muddy waters flowed over farmland near the city of Sendai, carrying buildings, some on fire, inland as cars attempted to drive away. Sendai airport, north of Tokyo, was inundated with cars, trucks, buses and thick mud deposited over its runways. Fires spread through a section of the city, public broadcaster NHK reported.
More than 300 houses were washed away in Ofunato City alone. Television footage showed mangled debris, uprooted trees, upturned cars and shattered timber littering streets.
The tsunami roared over embankments, washing anything in its path inland before reversing directions and carrying the cars, homes and other debris out to sea. Flames shot from some of the houses, probably because of burst gas pipes.
"Our initial assessment indicates that there has already been enormous damage," Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano said. "We will make maximum relief effort based on that assessment."
He said the Defense Ministry was sending troops to the quake-hit region. A utility aircraft and several helicopters were on the way.
A large fire erupted at the Cosmo oil refinery in Ichihara city in Chiba prefecture and burned out of control with 30 meter-high flames whipping into the sky.
From northeastern Japan's Miyagi prefecture, NHK showed footage of a large ship being swept away and ramming directly into a breakwater in Kesennuma city.
NHK said more than 4 million buildings were without power in Tokyo and its suburbs.
Also in Miyagi, a fire broke out in a turbine building of a nuclear power plant, but it was later extinguished, said Tohoku Electric Power Co. the company said.
A reactor area of a nearby plant was leaking water, the company said. But it was unclear if the leak was caused by tsunami water or something else. There were no reports of radioactive leaks at any of Japan's nuclear plants.
Jefferies International Limited, a global investment banking group, said it estimated overall losses to be about $10 billion.
The U.S. Geological Survey said the 2:46 p.m. quake was a magnitude 8.9, the biggest earthquake to hit Japan since officials began keeping records in the late 1800s, and one of the biggest ever recorded in the world.
The quake struck at a depth of 10 kilometers, about 125 kilometers off the eastern coast, the agency said. The area is 380 kilometers northeast of Tokyo.
A tsunami warning was extended to a number of Pacific, Southeast Asian and Latin American nations, including Japan, Russia, Indonesia, New Zealand and Chile. In the Philippines, authorities ordered an evacuation of coastal communities, but no unusual waves were reported.
Thousands of people fled their homes in Indonesia after officials warned of a tsunami up to 2 meters high. But waves of only 10 centimeters were measured. No big waves came to the Northern Mariana Islands, a U.S. territory, either.
The first waves hit Hawaii about 1400 GMT (9 a.m. EST) Friday. A tsunami at least a meter high were recorded on Oahu and Kauai, and officials warned that the waves would continue and could become larger.
In downtown Tokyo, large buildings shook violently and workers poured into the street for safety. TV footage showed a large building on fire and bellowing smoke in the Odaiba district of Tokyo. The tremor bent the upper tip of the iconic Tokyo Tower, a 333-meter steel structure inspired by the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
Osamu Akiya, 46, was working in Tokyo at his office in a trading company when the quake hit.
It sent bookshelves and computers crashing to the floor, and cracks appeared in the walls.
"I've been through many earthquakes, but I've never felt anything like this," he said. "I don't know if we'll be able to get home tonight."
Footage on NHK from their Sendai office showed employees stumbling around and books and papers crashing from desks. It also showed a glass shelter at a bus stop in Tokyo completely smashed by the quake and a weeping woman nearby being comforted by another woman.
Several quakes had hit the same region in recent days, including a 7.3 magnitude one on Wednesday that caused no damage.
Hiroshi Sato, a disaster management official in northern Iwate prefecture, said officials were having trouble getting an overall picture of the destruction.
"We don't even know the extent of damage. Roads were badly damaged and cut off as tsunami washed away debris, cars and many other things," he said.
Dozens of fires were reported in northern prefectures of Fukushima, Sendai, Iwate and Ibaraki. Collapsed homes and landslides were also reported in Miyagi.
Japan's worst previous quake was in 1923 in Kanto, an 8.3-magnitude temblor that killed 143,000 people, according to USGS. A 7.2-magnitude quake in Kobe city in 1996 killed 6,400 people.
Japan lies on the "Ring of Fire" -- an arc of earthquake and volcanic zones stretching around the Pacific where about 90 percent of the world's quakes occur, including the one that triggered the Dec. 26, 2004, Indian Ocean tsunami that killed an estimated 230,000 people in 12 nations. A magnitude-8.8 temblor that shook central Chile last February also generated a tsunami and killed 524 people.
(Mainichi Japan) March 11, 2011
この日、朝日新聞が、朝一番で、菅首相が韓国人よりの政治献金を受けたという記事を掲載していた。
それで、自民党の議員が例によってネチネチと菅首相をいたぶっていた。
｢これらの５つより、首相の考えを選択しなさい｣って、まるで意地悪な教師が出来のわるい生徒をいじめる様。
スラチャイのテンションもあがりっぱなしでイラチャイ状態。
突然、テレビ中継で地震警報！
警報からわずか数分で国会が揺れだした。
それでテレビ国会中継は打ち切られて、地震関連ニュースばかり。
菅首相が審議を中止し首相官邸に戻り対策本部をたちあげたのを、あとのニュースで知った。
１０ｍを超す津波はまるで昔みたアメリカ映画、巨大津波がニューヨークを襲うシーンのようだった。
燃え上がる火の手、押し流される船、車、家屋、根こそぎ倒された樹木、農作物、飛行場の滑走路…。
大自然の大きな力の前に成すすべがない人々。
大きな衝撃を受けました。
地震でその尊い命を失った方々、大きな被害を受けた人々に対し、心よりお悔やみ申し上げます。
（スラチャイ）
毎日新聞の力作です。まるで情景がみえるようです。英文のみです。
↓
Massive Japan quake, tsunami leave scores dead
巨大地震、津波で多数の死者（スラチャイ訳）
TOKYO (AP) -- A ferocious tsunami spawned by one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded slammed Japan's eastern coast Friday, killing hundreds of people as it swept away boats, cars and homes while widespread fires burned out of control.
Hours later, the tsunami hit Hawaii and warnings blanketed the Pacific, as far away as South America, Canada, Alaska and the entire U.S. West Coast.
Police said 200 to 300 bodies were found in the northeastern coastal city of Sendai. Another 88 were confirmed killed and 349 were missing. The death toll was likely to continue climbing given the scale of the disaster.
The magnitude 8.9 offshore quake unleashed a 7-meter tsunami and was followed by more than 50 aftershocks for hours, many of them of more than magnitude 6.0.
Dozens of cities and villages along a 2,100-kilometer stretch of coastline were shaken by violent tremors that reached as far away as Tokyo, hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter.
"The earthquake has caused major damage in broad areas in northern Japan," Prime Minister Naoto Kan said at a news conference.
The government ordered thousands of residents near a nuclear power plant in Onahama city to evacuate because the plant's system was unable to cool the reactor. The reactor was not leaking radiation but its core remained hot even after a shutdown. The plant is 270 kilometers northeast of Tokyo.
Trouble was reported at two other nuclear plants as well, but there was no radiation leak at any.
Even for a country used to earthquakes, this one was of horrific proportions because of the tsunami that crashed ashore, swallowing everything in its path as it surged several kilometers inland before retreating. The apocalyptic images of surging water broadcast by Japanese TV networks resembled scenes from a Hollywood disaster movie.
Large fishing boats and other sea vessels rode high waves into the cities, slamming against overpasses or scraping under them and snapping power lines along the way. Upturned and partially submerged vehicles were seen bobbing in the water. Ships anchored in ports crashed against each other.
The highways to the worst-hit coastal areas were severely damaged and communications, including telephone lines, were snapped. Train services in northeastern Japan and in Tokyo, which normally serve 10 million people a day, were also suspended, leaving untold numbers stranded in stations or roaming the streets. Tokyo's Narita airport was closed indefinitely.
Jesse Johnson, a native of the U.S. state of Nevada, who lives in Chiba, north of Tokyo, was eating at a sushi restaurant with his wife when the quake hit.
"At first it didn't feel unusual, but then it went on and on. So I got myself and my wife under the table," he told The Associated Press. "I've lived in Japan for 10 years and I've never felt anything like this before. The aftershocks keep coming. It's gotten to the point where I don't know whether it's me shaking or an earthquake."
Waves of muddy waters flowed over farmland near the city of Sendai, carrying buildings, some on fire, inland as cars attempted to drive away. Sendai airport, north of Tokyo, was inundated with cars, trucks, buses and thick mud deposited over its runways. Fires spread through a section of the city, public broadcaster NHK reported.
More than 300 houses were washed away in Ofunato City alone. Television footage showed mangled debris, uprooted trees, upturned cars and shattered timber littering streets.
The tsunami roared over embankments, washing anything in its path inland before reversing directions and carrying the cars, homes and other debris out to sea. Flames shot from some of the houses, probably because of burst gas pipes.
"Our initial assessment indicates that there has already been enormous damage," Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano said. "We will make maximum relief effort based on that assessment."
He said the Defense Ministry was sending troops to the quake-hit region. A utility aircraft and several helicopters were on the way.
A large fire erupted at the Cosmo oil refinery in Ichihara city in Chiba prefecture and burned out of control with 30 meter-high flames whipping into the sky.
From northeastern Japan's Miyagi prefecture, NHK showed footage of a large ship being swept away and ramming directly into a breakwater in Kesennuma city.
NHK said more than 4 million buildings were without power in Tokyo and its suburbs.
Also in Miyagi, a fire broke out in a turbine building of a nuclear power plant, but it was later extinguished, said Tohoku Electric Power Co. the company said.
A reactor area of a nearby plant was leaking water, the company said. But it was unclear if the leak was caused by tsunami water or something else. There were no reports of radioactive leaks at any of Japan's nuclear plants.
Jefferies International Limited, a global investment banking group, said it estimated overall losses to be about $10 billion.
The U.S. Geological Survey said the 2:46 p.m. quake was a magnitude 8.9, the biggest earthquake to hit Japan since officials began keeping records in the late 1800s, and one of the biggest ever recorded in the world.
The quake struck at a depth of 10 kilometers, about 125 kilometers off the eastern coast, the agency said. The area is 380 kilometers northeast of Tokyo.
A tsunami warning was extended to a number of Pacific, Southeast Asian and Latin American nations, including Japan, Russia, Indonesia, New Zealand and Chile. In the Philippines, authorities ordered an evacuation of coastal communities, but no unusual waves were reported.
Thousands of people fled their homes in Indonesia after officials warned of a tsunami up to 2 meters high. But waves of only 10 centimeters were measured. No big waves came to the Northern Mariana Islands, a U.S. territory, either.
The first waves hit Hawaii about 1400 GMT (9 a.m. EST) Friday. A tsunami at least a meter high were recorded on Oahu and Kauai, and officials warned that the waves would continue and could become larger.
In downtown Tokyo, large buildings shook violently and workers poured into the street for safety. TV footage showed a large building on fire and bellowing smoke in the Odaiba district of Tokyo. The tremor bent the upper tip of the iconic Tokyo Tower, a 333-meter steel structure inspired by the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
Osamu Akiya, 46, was working in Tokyo at his office in a trading company when the quake hit.
It sent bookshelves and computers crashing to the floor, and cracks appeared in the walls.
"I've been through many earthquakes, but I've never felt anything like this," he said. "I don't know if we'll be able to get home tonight."
Footage on NHK from their Sendai office showed employees stumbling around and books and papers crashing from desks. It also showed a glass shelter at a bus stop in Tokyo completely smashed by the quake and a weeping woman nearby being comforted by another woman.
Several quakes had hit the same region in recent days, including a 7.3 magnitude one on Wednesday that caused no damage.
Hiroshi Sato, a disaster management official in northern Iwate prefecture, said officials were having trouble getting an overall picture of the destruction.
"We don't even know the extent of damage. Roads were badly damaged and cut off as tsunami washed away debris, cars and many other things," he said.
Dozens of fires were reported in northern prefectures of Fukushima, Sendai, Iwate and Ibaraki. Collapsed homes and landslides were also reported in Miyagi.
Japan's worst previous quake was in 1923 in Kanto, an 8.3-magnitude temblor that killed 143,000 people, according to USGS. A 7.2-magnitude quake in Kobe city in 1996 killed 6,400 people.
Japan lies on the "Ring of Fire" -- an arc of earthquake and volcanic zones stretching around the Pacific where about 90 percent of the world's quakes occur, including the one that triggered the Dec. 26, 2004, Indian Ocean tsunami that killed an estimated 230,000 people in 12 nations. A magnitude-8.8 temblor that shook central Chile last February also generated a tsunami and killed 524 people.
(Mainichi Japan) March 11, 2011
読売、朝日とは一味ちがう毎日新聞の力作。
想像を絶する中国の新幹線がらみの汚職。
日本の田中角栄が列島改造で歴史に残る立派な新幹線を残したのとは好対照。
中国でこのまま全線の開業をすれば大事故は必至。
調査と補強工事、撤去新設工事に１０年くらいかかるかも知れない。
なにより驚くのはこれらの汚職官僚たちの逃げ腰・及び腰の姿勢。
そこには中国を愛する気持ちのかけらも見受けられない。
稼ぐだけ汚職、賄賂で稼いで、妻子だけ先に安全な国に住まわせる。
この裸官さん、多分裁判で死刑を宣言されると思う。
中国は判決から刑の執行までがとても素早い国。
日本は異常に遅い。
１７年前の地下鉄サリンテロの首謀者、刑務所で丸々と太っている＾＾。
で、中国のNo.1って誰？
（スラチャイ記）
(Mainichi Japan) March 10, 2011
The rise and fall of a 'naked bureaucrat' in China
木語：「裸官」さんがそろうと＝金子秀敏
＜ｍｏｋｕ－ｇｏ＞
There is a new Chinese word that is pronounced "rakan" in Japanese. The word literally means "naked bureaucrat."
中国には「裸官」という新語がある。
The Japanese word, "hadaka ikkan," which also contains the kanji character for "naked," means rising from nothing. However, "rakan" has an opposite meaning.
日本語の「裸一貫」は人生のスタートラインに立った状態だが、中国の「裸官」は逆だ。
It refers to high-ranking bureaucrats who have succeeded in gaining promotion at home, while keeping their families and savings overseas.
出世競争で勝ち上がった高級官僚のなかで、妻子と預金を国外に出し自分だけ中国にいる人たちを指すという。
There are reportedly many rakan in China.
大勢いるらしい。
They are apparently prepared to flee their home country anytime if they are caught accepting bribes.
裸といっても貧乏で着物がないのではない。汚職が発覚したら逃げられるように身辺を整理している人である。
Zhang Shuguang, former deputy chief engineer with China's Railway Ministry, is one rakan who failed to flee China.
逃げそこなった裸官さんがいる。
Zhang had his wife and children live in three luxurious mansions in Los Angeles and he reportedly has saved a total of 2.8 billion dollars in accounts at banks in the United States and Switzerland.
妻子は米国ロサンゼルスの豪邸３軒に住まわせていた。米国とスイスの銀行に総額２８億ドル（約２３００億円）の預金があるそうだ。
The scale of corruption cases in China is indeed large.
さすがに中国の汚職はスケールが大きい。
He played a leading role in building a large high-speed railway network in the country.
その人物とは、これまで「中国高速鉄道の父」としてメディアにもてはやされてきた人物、鉄道省運輸局の張曙光局長（停職中）である。
As of the end of last year, China had 4,670 kilometers of high-speed railway lines, while the total extension of Shinkansen bullet train lines in Japan is approximately 2,300 kilometers.
中国の高速鉄道は昨年末現在で総延長４６７０キロに及ぶ。日本の新幹線は約２３００キロ。
Japan spent nearly half a century to build these Shinkansen lines, and it took China only four years to build twice the length of Shinkansen lines under the leadership of Zhang.
この路線を半世紀近くの時間をかけて建設した。張局長はその倍の線路を約４年で作り上げた。
Zhang imported Japanese and European technology for high-speed trains and used China's own technology to modify the vehicles.
車両は、日本の新幹線や欧州の高速鉄道を輸入して「中国独自の技術」で改造した。
China spent only two years to achieve the maximum speed of 350 kilometers per hour (kph) while it took a decade before the operators of European high-speed railways raised their maximum speed from the 200-kph level to over 300 kph.
欧州の高速鉄道が時速３００キロ台で運行するまでに１０年かかったが、中国は２年で時速３５０キロ走行を実現した。
Furthermore, a Chinese high-speed train created a world record of 480 kph during a trial operation between Beijing and Shanghai.
北京－上海間の試験走行では時速４８０キロの世界記録を樹立した。
The father of China's high-speed railway was praised for these achievements.
お手柄連発の「中国高速鉄道の父」だ。
However, his downfall suddenly came as his boss, the railway minister, was dismissed for accepting kickbacks from contractors over the construction of high-speed railway lines.
しかし上司の鉄道相が高速鉄道工事のリベートを受け取った容疑で解任された。
Law enforcers also began questioning Zhang in February over his role in the scandal.
鉄道相の右腕といわれた張局長も２月から取り調べが始まった。
The incident has prompted the Chinese government to convene emergency meetings to scrutinize the safety of the country's high-speed railway network.
いま、中国政府内部では、高速鉄道の安全性を見直す緊急会議が始まったという。
Critics have pointed out that the network was rapidly expanded over an extremely short period of time, that large-scale construction works on new lines were conducted simultaneously in multiple locations and that inexperienced and poorly trained migrating workers hired by subcontractors worked at the construction sites.
あまりにも短期間に路線を延ばした。あちらでもこちらでも同時進行で大型工事を進めた。訓練も経験も乏しい下請けの出稼ぎ労働者が工事現場で働いた。
They also suspect that inspections on the completed work were sloppy, and that construction materials were supplied without conducting sample surveys because the large demand for them could not be filled.
工事の施工検査がずさんだったのではないか。資材の供給が追いつかずサンプル検査もなしに製品を納入したのではないか。コンクリートを固める石炭灰が足りず減量したのではないか。
If not enough attention was paid to safety in developing this high-speed railway technology, a serious accident could happen at any time.
高速運行の独自技術が安全を考慮したものでなければ、いつ大事故が起きるかもしれない。
Some news reports say the dismissed railway minister needed a massive amount of money to buy the post of deputy premier.
前鉄道相は副首相ポストを買うために巨額の資金が必要だったという報道がある。
Zhang may have increase the amount of construction work in a bid to allow the minister to gain more kickbacks and show his loyalty to his boss.
局長が工事量を増やしたのは私利私欲だけでなく上司のリベートを増やそうと忠勤を励んだのかもしれない。
Is the post of deputy premier on sale in China and if so, who is selling it?
「副首相」ポストを売っているのか。売っている人はだれだ。
No answer to these questions can be found on Chinese websites. (By Hidetoshi Kaneko, Expert Senior Writer)
中国のネットには書いていない。（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年3月10日 東京朝刊
想像を絶する中国の新幹線がらみの汚職。
日本の田中角栄が列島改造で歴史に残る立派な新幹線を残したのとは好対照。
中国でこのまま全線の開業をすれば大事故は必至。
調査と補強工事、撤去新設工事に１０年くらいかかるかも知れない。
なにより驚くのはこれらの汚職官僚たちの逃げ腰・及び腰の姿勢。
そこには中国を愛する気持ちのかけらも見受けられない。
稼ぐだけ汚職、賄賂で稼いで、妻子だけ先に安全な国に住まわせる。
この裸官さん、多分裁判で死刑を宣言されると思う。
中国は判決から刑の執行までがとても素早い国。
日本は異常に遅い。
１７年前の地下鉄サリンテロの首謀者、刑務所で丸々と太っている＾＾。
で、中国のNo.1って誰？
（スラチャイ記）
(Mainichi Japan) March 10, 2011
The rise and fall of a 'naked bureaucrat' in China
木語：「裸官」さんがそろうと＝金子秀敏
＜ｍｏｋｕ－ｇｏ＞
There is a new Chinese word that is pronounced "rakan" in Japanese. The word literally means "naked bureaucrat."
中国には「裸官」という新語がある。
The Japanese word, "hadaka ikkan," which also contains the kanji character for "naked," means rising from nothing. However, "rakan" has an opposite meaning.
日本語の「裸一貫」は人生のスタートラインに立った状態だが、中国の「裸官」は逆だ。
It refers to high-ranking bureaucrats who have succeeded in gaining promotion at home, while keeping their families and savings overseas.
出世競争で勝ち上がった高級官僚のなかで、妻子と預金を国外に出し自分だけ中国にいる人たちを指すという。
There are reportedly many rakan in China.
大勢いるらしい。
They are apparently prepared to flee their home country anytime if they are caught accepting bribes.
裸といっても貧乏で着物がないのではない。汚職が発覚したら逃げられるように身辺を整理している人である。
Zhang Shuguang, former deputy chief engineer with China's Railway Ministry, is one rakan who failed to flee China.
逃げそこなった裸官さんがいる。
Zhang had his wife and children live in three luxurious mansions in Los Angeles and he reportedly has saved a total of 2.8 billion dollars in accounts at banks in the United States and Switzerland.
妻子は米国ロサンゼルスの豪邸３軒に住まわせていた。米国とスイスの銀行に総額２８億ドル（約２３００億円）の預金があるそうだ。
The scale of corruption cases in China is indeed large.
さすがに中国の汚職はスケールが大きい。
He played a leading role in building a large high-speed railway network in the country.
その人物とは、これまで「中国高速鉄道の父」としてメディアにもてはやされてきた人物、鉄道省運輸局の張曙光局長（停職中）である。
As of the end of last year, China had 4,670 kilometers of high-speed railway lines, while the total extension of Shinkansen bullet train lines in Japan is approximately 2,300 kilometers.
中国の高速鉄道は昨年末現在で総延長４６７０キロに及ぶ。日本の新幹線は約２３００キロ。
Japan spent nearly half a century to build these Shinkansen lines, and it took China only four years to build twice the length of Shinkansen lines under the leadership of Zhang.
この路線を半世紀近くの時間をかけて建設した。張局長はその倍の線路を約４年で作り上げた。
Zhang imported Japanese and European technology for high-speed trains and used China's own technology to modify the vehicles.
車両は、日本の新幹線や欧州の高速鉄道を輸入して「中国独自の技術」で改造した。
China spent only two years to achieve the maximum speed of 350 kilometers per hour (kph) while it took a decade before the operators of European high-speed railways raised their maximum speed from the 200-kph level to over 300 kph.
欧州の高速鉄道が時速３００キロ台で運行するまでに１０年かかったが、中国は２年で時速３５０キロ走行を実現した。
Furthermore, a Chinese high-speed train created a world record of 480 kph during a trial operation between Beijing and Shanghai.
北京－上海間の試験走行では時速４８０キロの世界記録を樹立した。
The father of China's high-speed railway was praised for these achievements.
お手柄連発の「中国高速鉄道の父」だ。
However, his downfall suddenly came as his boss, the railway minister, was dismissed for accepting kickbacks from contractors over the construction of high-speed railway lines.
しかし上司の鉄道相が高速鉄道工事のリベートを受け取った容疑で解任された。
Law enforcers also began questioning Zhang in February over his role in the scandal.
鉄道相の右腕といわれた張局長も２月から取り調べが始まった。
The incident has prompted the Chinese government to convene emergency meetings to scrutinize the safety of the country's high-speed railway network.
いま、中国政府内部では、高速鉄道の安全性を見直す緊急会議が始まったという。
Critics have pointed out that the network was rapidly expanded over an extremely short period of time, that large-scale construction works on new lines were conducted simultaneously in multiple locations and that inexperienced and poorly trained migrating workers hired by subcontractors worked at the construction sites.
あまりにも短期間に路線を延ばした。あちらでもこちらでも同時進行で大型工事を進めた。訓練も経験も乏しい下請けの出稼ぎ労働者が工事現場で働いた。
They also suspect that inspections on the completed work were sloppy, and that construction materials were supplied without conducting sample surveys because the large demand for them could not be filled.
工事の施工検査がずさんだったのではないか。資材の供給が追いつかずサンプル検査もなしに製品を納入したのではないか。コンクリートを固める石炭灰が足りず減量したのではないか。
If not enough attention was paid to safety in developing this high-speed railway technology, a serious accident could happen at any time.
高速運行の独自技術が安全を考慮したものでなければ、いつ大事故が起きるかもしれない。
Some news reports say the dismissed railway minister needed a massive amount of money to buy the post of deputy premier.
前鉄道相は副首相ポストを買うために巨額の資金が必要だったという報道がある。
Zhang may have increase the amount of construction work in a bid to allow the minister to gain more kickbacks and show his loyalty to his boss.
局長が工事量を増やしたのは私利私欲だけでなく上司のリベートを増やそうと忠勤を励んだのかもしれない。
Is the post of deputy premier on sale in China and if so, who is selling it?
「副首相」ポストを売っているのか。売っている人はだれだ。
No answer to these questions can be found on Chinese websites. (By Hidetoshi Kaneko, Expert Senior Writer)
中国のネットには書いていない。（専門編集委員）
毎日新聞 2011年3月10日 東京朝刊
プロフィール
ＨＮ：
srachai
ＨＰ：
性別：
男性
職業：
civil engineer
趣味：
子育て
自己紹介：
妻はタイ人、娘ばかり３人も！
■近況
２００９年の９月１５日に脳梗塞を発症、右手が少し不自由になりました。
MRAで脳梗塞の部位を特定でき、素早い処置をとれたので大事に至りませんでした。
快復にむけてリハビリ中です。
(2011/01/01更新)
■自己紹介・リンク
[ はじめに ]
タイのスラチャイです。
英語学習に王道はありません。
毎日毎日の地道な努力の積み重ねが必要です。
スラチャイはＮＨＫのラジオ英語会話で現在の英語力を身につけました。
一日僅か１５分の学習でも数年間継続すれば相当な学習効果が期待できます。
[ 名前 ]
松井 清 （スラチャイ）
[ 略歴 ]
・福岡県出身
・国立高知大学卒業
・準大手建設会社に就職
・50歳で会社を早期退職
・99/10 タイ全土を旅行
・00/10 タイに移住
・03/07 カイちゃん誕生
・07/06 シーファーちゃん誕生
・現在タイ国コンケン在住
[ 座右の銘 ]
Slow and steady wins the race.
遅くとも着実な者が勝利する
（NHK基礎英語芹沢栄先生）
[ 学習の手引き ]
・音読して耳から英語を吸収
・Think in English.
・ネイティブ発音付辞書活用
・英英辞典を活用（英和も）
・翻訳和文で専門用語確認
[ English Newspapers ]
Yomiuri
Mainichi
Asahi
Japan Times
Washington Post
Newyork Times
Bangkok Post
The Nations
Phuket Gazette
[ 英字新聞の英和対訳学習 ]
英字新聞（読売）
英字新聞（毎日）
英字新聞（朝日）
英字新聞（朝日２）
[ スラチャイ編集の辞書 ]
タイ日辞書（改訂版）
日タイ辞書（改訂版）
ラオ日辞書
日ラオ辞書
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スラチャイの多国言語学習
初歩のタイ語
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基礎タイ語
基礎タイ語一覧（タイ文字、ローマ字）
seesaaサイト内リンク一覧：
01 あいさつ
02 別れのあいさつ
03 声をかけるとき
04 感謝の言葉と答え方
05 謝罪の言葉と答え方
06 聞き直すとき
07 相手の言うことがわからないとき
08 うまく言えないとき
09 一般的なあいづち
10 よくわからないときの返事
11 強めのあいづち
12 自分について述べるとき
13 相手のことを尋ねるとき
14 頼みごとをするとき
15 申し出・依頼を断るとき
16 許可を求めるとき
17 説明してもらうとき
18 確認を求めるとき
19 状況を知りたいとき
20 値段の尋ね方と断り方
21 急いでもらいたいとき
22 待ってもらいたいとき
23 日時・場所・天候を尋ねるとき
24 その他
基礎タイ語一覧(タイ文字、音声付き）
サイト外HPリンク一覧：
01 あいさつ
02 別れのあいさつ
03 声をかけるとき
04 感謝の言葉と答え方
05 謝罪の言葉と答え方
06 聞き直すとき
07 相手の言うことがわからないとき
08 うまく言えないとき
09 一般的なあいづち
10 よくわからないときの返事
11 強めのあいづち
12 自分について述べるとき
13 相手のことを尋ねるとき
14 頼みごとをするとき
15 申し出・依頼を断るとき
16 許可を求めるとき
17 説明してもらうとき
18 確認を求めるとき
19 状況を知りたいとき
20 値段の尋ね方と断り方
21 急いでもらいたいとき
22 待ってもらいたいとき
23 日時・場所・天候を尋ねるとき
24 その他
タイの文化、１４の戒律
タイの文化一覧:
01 雨の日にも傘をささないタイ人
02 勉強熱心なタイ人女性たち
03 タイ人は敬謙な仏教徒
04 タイの市場
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06 タイ人は外食が大好き
07 果物王国タイランド
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第１２番目の戒律
第１３番目の戒律
第１４番目の戒律
1４の戒律（テラワーダ仏教戒律）
サイト外HPリンク一覧：
１４の戒律解説
第０１番目の戒律
第０２番目の戒律
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第０４番目の戒律
第０５番目の戒律
第０６番目の戒律
第０７番目の戒律
第０８番目の戒律
第０９番目の戒律
第１０番目の戒律
第１１番目の戒律
第１２番目の戒律
第１３番目の戒律
第１４番目の戒律