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The Yomiuri Shimbun (From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 19, 2010)
Chinese leaders must calm anti-Japan rallies
反日デモ拡大 中国指導部は沈静化を急げ（10月19日付・読売社説）
Even as official Japan-China relations have been improving, a string of large anti-Japan demonstrations have been taking place in inland Chinese cities such as Chengdu, Xian and Wuhan.
日中関係が改善に向かう中で、中国の成都、西安、武漢など内陸部の都市で大規模な反日デモが相次いで発生した。
Involving thousands to tens of thousands of people, the demonstrations began at the end of last week over the September incident involving the collision of a Chinese fishing boat and Japan Coast Guard patrol vessels off the Senkaku Islands.
数千から数万人規模の反日デモは、尖閣諸島沖の漁船衝突事件に抗議して、先週末から発生した。
University students joined the demonstrations, responding to cell-phone text messages urging them to protest, and some ordinary citizens followed them.
携帯電話のショートメールの呼びかけに応じて大学生を中心に一般住民も加わった。
Some demonstrators became violent and attacked Japanese supermarkets and restaurants, breaking their windows. Rioters also burned Japanese national flags, turned over Japanese automobiles and left streets in shambles.
暴徒化した一部は、日系のスーパーや飲食店を襲撃し、ガラスを割るなどした。日本国旗を焼き払い、日本製自動車を横転させるなどの乱暴狼藉(ろうぜき)ぶりだった。
Similar demonstrations seem to be spreading to other cities in China. They are a serious concern for Japan-China relations.
デモは、さらに他の都市にも拡大する様相を見せている。日中関係にとって憂慮すべき事態だ。
Chinese authorities must use every means at their disposal to stop demonstrations from turning into riots, protect the safety of Japanese residents and avoid any disruption to the operations of Japanese companies in the country.
中国当局は、デモの暴徒化を防ぎ、邦人の安全確保や、日系企業の事業に支障が出ないよう、万全の措置を講じるべきだ。
===
Chinese youth frustrated
A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said, "It is understandable that some people expressed their outrage against the recent erroneous words and deeds on the Japanese side." This stance sounds as if Beijing is encouraging illegal acts.
中国外務省の報道局長が「一部の群衆が日本の誤った言動に対して憤りを表明することは理解できる」と発言した。不法行為を助長するような政府の姿勢である。
University students living in inland regions of China have been suffering from a serious hiring slump. Economic disparities are also spreading between urban and rural regions of the country.
内陸部に住む大学生の就職難は深刻だ。都市と地方との経済格差も広がっている。
In addition to these factors of social instability, young people born from 1980 on have been taught anti-Japanese propaganda to stir their patriotic and nationalistic sentiment, education that was strengthened under the government of former Chinese President Jiang Zemin.
Any little catalyst can prompt them to anti-Japan action.
こうした社会不安に加えて、１９８０年以降に生まれた若者たちは、江沢民・前政権時代に強化された反日＝愛国・民族主義教育を受けており、わずかなきっかけで「反日」に走りやすい。
The international community is paying even more attention to the democratization of China, especially since imprisoned activist Liu Xiaobo was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize. Leaders of the Chinese Communist Party are apparently most afraid that young people's frustrations, which are now taking the form of anti-Japan protests, could transform into antigovernment movements demanding democracy.
民主活動家、劉暁波氏にノーベル平和賞の授与が決まり、世界も中国の民主化の動きを注視している。こうした中で、若者たちの不満が、反日から民主化を求める反政府デモに転化する事態を、共産党指導部は最も恐れている。
That is why some observers suspect Chinese security authorities are maneuvering anti-Japan demonstrations to alleviate young people's discontent.
治安当局が若者たちの不満を和らげるため反日デモを誘導しているのではないか、との見方すら出ているのもこのためだ。
===
Chinese leaders tested
The latest demonstrations happened during the plenary meeting of the party's Central Committee. Some observers have even said that it is difficult to rule out the possibility that the military and the conservative wing of the party, which are profoundly wary of Japan, have staged the demonstrations to pressure party leaders so they will not readily make concessions to Tokyo over the Senkaku incident.
今回のデモは、党中央委員会総会の期間と重なって起きた。対日警戒感が根強い軍・党内保守派から党指導部に対して、安易に日本に妥協しないよう、圧力を加えるために仕組まれた可能性も排除できないだろう。
Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping was elected vice chairman of the party's Central Military Commission at the committee's plenary meeting. This makes Xi certain to succeed party General Secretary Hu Jintao at the party's congress in autumn of 2012. We believe Xi needs to realize the significance of China's relations with Japan.
党中央委総会では、習近平国家副主席が、中央軍事委員会副主席に選出された。習氏が２０１２年秋の次期党大会で、胡錦濤総書記の後継者となることが確実になった。習氏は対日関係の重要性を理解する必要があるだろう。
Early this month, Prime Minister Naoto Kan and Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao confirmed in Brussels that they would promote a strategic, mutually beneficial relationship between their countries. However, if anti-Japan demonstrations continue to happen frequently in China, efforts to mend bilateral relations might fail. Chinese leaders' stance on the matter is being tested.
日中両首脳は今月上旬のブリュッセルでの会談で、戦略的互恵関係の推進を確認したばかりだ。だが、反日デモが頻発するようでは関係修復は頓挫しかねない。中国指導部の姿勢が問われている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 19, 2010)
（2010年10月19日01時30分 読売新聞）
Chinese leaders must calm anti-Japan rallies
反日デモ拡大 中国指導部は沈静化を急げ（10月19日付・読売社説）
Even as official Japan-China relations have been improving, a string of large anti-Japan demonstrations have been taking place in inland Chinese cities such as Chengdu, Xian and Wuhan.
日中関係が改善に向かう中で、中国の成都、西安、武漢など内陸部の都市で大規模な反日デモが相次いで発生した。
Involving thousands to tens of thousands of people, the demonstrations began at the end of last week over the September incident involving the collision of a Chinese fishing boat and Japan Coast Guard patrol vessels off the Senkaku Islands.
数千から数万人規模の反日デモは、尖閣諸島沖の漁船衝突事件に抗議して、先週末から発生した。
University students joined the demonstrations, responding to cell-phone text messages urging them to protest, and some ordinary citizens followed them.
携帯電話のショートメールの呼びかけに応じて大学生を中心に一般住民も加わった。
Some demonstrators became violent and attacked Japanese supermarkets and restaurants, breaking their windows. Rioters also burned Japanese national flags, turned over Japanese automobiles and left streets in shambles.
暴徒化した一部は、日系のスーパーや飲食店を襲撃し、ガラスを割るなどした。日本国旗を焼き払い、日本製自動車を横転させるなどの乱暴狼藉(ろうぜき)ぶりだった。
Similar demonstrations seem to be spreading to other cities in China. They are a serious concern for Japan-China relations.
デモは、さらに他の都市にも拡大する様相を見せている。日中関係にとって憂慮すべき事態だ。
Chinese authorities must use every means at their disposal to stop demonstrations from turning into riots, protect the safety of Japanese residents and avoid any disruption to the operations of Japanese companies in the country.
中国当局は、デモの暴徒化を防ぎ、邦人の安全確保や、日系企業の事業に支障が出ないよう、万全の措置を講じるべきだ。
===
Chinese youth frustrated
A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said, "It is understandable that some people expressed their outrage against the recent erroneous words and deeds on the Japanese side." This stance sounds as if Beijing is encouraging illegal acts.
中国外務省の報道局長が「一部の群衆が日本の誤った言動に対して憤りを表明することは理解できる」と発言した。不法行為を助長するような政府の姿勢である。
University students living in inland regions of China have been suffering from a serious hiring slump. Economic disparities are also spreading between urban and rural regions of the country.
内陸部に住む大学生の就職難は深刻だ。都市と地方との経済格差も広がっている。
In addition to these factors of social instability, young people born from 1980 on have been taught anti-Japanese propaganda to stir their patriotic and nationalistic sentiment, education that was strengthened under the government of former Chinese President Jiang Zemin.
Any little catalyst can prompt them to anti-Japan action.
こうした社会不安に加えて、１９８０年以降に生まれた若者たちは、江沢民・前政権時代に強化された反日＝愛国・民族主義教育を受けており、わずかなきっかけで「反日」に走りやすい。
The international community is paying even more attention to the democratization of China, especially since imprisoned activist Liu Xiaobo was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize. Leaders of the Chinese Communist Party are apparently most afraid that young people's frustrations, which are now taking the form of anti-Japan protests, could transform into antigovernment movements demanding democracy.
民主活動家、劉暁波氏にノーベル平和賞の授与が決まり、世界も中国の民主化の動きを注視している。こうした中で、若者たちの不満が、反日から民主化を求める反政府デモに転化する事態を、共産党指導部は最も恐れている。
That is why some observers suspect Chinese security authorities are maneuvering anti-Japan demonstrations to alleviate young people's discontent.
治安当局が若者たちの不満を和らげるため反日デモを誘導しているのではないか、との見方すら出ているのもこのためだ。
===
Chinese leaders tested
The latest demonstrations happened during the plenary meeting of the party's Central Committee. Some observers have even said that it is difficult to rule out the possibility that the military and the conservative wing of the party, which are profoundly wary of Japan, have staged the demonstrations to pressure party leaders so they will not readily make concessions to Tokyo over the Senkaku incident.
今回のデモは、党中央委員会総会の期間と重なって起きた。対日警戒感が根強い軍・党内保守派から党指導部に対して、安易に日本に妥協しないよう、圧力を加えるために仕組まれた可能性も排除できないだろう。
Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping was elected vice chairman of the party's Central Military Commission at the committee's plenary meeting. This makes Xi certain to succeed party General Secretary Hu Jintao at the party's congress in autumn of 2012. We believe Xi needs to realize the significance of China's relations with Japan.
党中央委総会では、習近平国家副主席が、中央軍事委員会副主席に選出された。習氏が２０１２年秋の次期党大会で、胡錦濤総書記の後継者となることが確実になった。習氏は対日関係の重要性を理解する必要があるだろう。
Early this month, Prime Minister Naoto Kan and Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao confirmed in Brussels that they would promote a strategic, mutually beneficial relationship between their countries. However, if anti-Japan demonstrations continue to happen frequently in China, efforts to mend bilateral relations might fail. Chinese leaders' stance on the matter is being tested.
日中両首脳は今月上旬のブリュッセルでの会談で、戦略的互恵関係の推進を確認したばかりだ。だが、反日デモが頻発するようでは関係修復は頓挫しかねない。中国指導部の姿勢が問われている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 19, 2010)
（2010年10月19日01時30分 読売新聞）
PR
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Oct. 19, 2010)
Low-cost carriers will ignite airfare war
格安航空参入 本格化する「空」の価格競争（10月18日付・読売社説）
Foreign low-cost carriers (LCCs) are lining up to enter the Japanese market. They are catching the eyes of customers by offering ultralow fares--for example, 5,000 yen for Haneda-Kuala Lumpur flights and 4,000 yen on the Ibaraki-Shanghai route.
羽田―クアラルンプール５０００円、茨城―上海４０００円――。
こうした超割安運賃を売り物に、海外の格安航空会社が相次いで日本市場に進出している。
Airfares in Japan are said to be the highest in the world. Intensified price competition will be ringing alarm bells at major domestic airlines, which have provided service to passengers calculated on the premise of charging high airfares.
航空料金が世界で最も高いと言われる日本に価格競争の波が押し寄せれば、高額運賃を前提に手厚いサービスを競ってきた国内航空大手にとって脅威となろう。
The advance into Japan by these carriers is expected to stimulate demand for air travel among passengers--especially young people--who are sensitive to fares, thereby attracting visitors from Asia and elsewhere. We hope these carriers' full entry into the Japanese market will help revitalize the national economy.
だが、価格に敏感な若者層など新たな航空需要を開拓し、アジアなどからの訪日客を誘致する呼び水ともなる。本格参入を日本経済の活性化につなげたい。
LCCs now fly about 40 percent of all passengers in the United States and Europe and nearly 20 percent in Asia. Their trademark management strategy is to offer rock-bottom airfares by slashing operating costs.
格安航空は、欧米で利用客の約４割、アジアで約２割を占めるまでに成長している。特徴は、低料金を実現するために、運航費用を徹底的に削減する手法にある。
===
Cost-cutting efforts
These airlines keep a lid on maintenance costs by using a limited number of aircraft models and maximizing flight numbers by shuttling between destinations with a short turnaround time. They crimp on personnel costs by making cabin crew clean the aircraft. Seats are squeezed close together and passengers must pay for in-flight meals and movies.
機種を統一して整備費を抑え、短時間の折り返し運航で便数を増やす。客室乗務員に清掃も担わせるなどして人件費を減らす。座席の間隔は狭く、機内食や映画鑑賞などは有料だ。
Australia's Jetstar Airways, South Korea's Jeju Air and China's Spring Airlines are already here, and Malaysia's AirAsia--the largest low-cost carrier in Asia--will start operating in Japan in December. This is expected to crank up competition among LCCs.
日本には、豪ジェットスター、韓国チェジュ、中国・春秋などに続き、アジア最大手マレーシア・エアアジアが１２月に就航し、競争は一気に激化するとみられる。
Regular international flights will resume at Haneda Airport late this month for the first time in 32 years with the completion of a new runway. The number of departure and arrival slots at Haneda and Narita airports will expand to 750,000 a year--1.5 times the current figure--in three to four years.
１０月末から３２年ぶりに羽田の国際定期便が復活する。新滑走路が完成するためで、成田を含めた発着枠は３～４年後に年間７５万回と現在の１・５倍に拡大する。
The planned increase in slots will have the LCCs rubbing their hands with glee. Their entry into Japan had been hampered by the restricted number of available slots.
格安航空にとっては、参入を阻んでいた発着枠に余裕ができることが追い風だ。
To counter the arrival of foreign LCCs, All Nippon Airways will establish Japan's first full-scale LCC this year and start service next fiscal year. Japan Airlines, which is struggling to reconstruct itself after filing for court-administered bankruptcy early this year, also is contemplating launching an LCC.
こうした動きに対抗し、全日本空輸は日本初の本格的な格安航空を年内に設立し、来年度から運航を始める。再建中の日本航空も検討に入っている。
===
Change concept
Some observers have suggested the Japanese LCCs will steal passengers away from their parent airlines. But domestic airlines will fall behind foreign LCCs in attracting Asian passengers and also lose Japanese passengers to them if they sit idly by. ANA and JAL must overhaul their deep-seated, high-cost management mind-set and promote their low-cost business in earnest.
本体と顧客を奪い合う懸念もあるが、このままではアジア客の取り込みで後れを取るだけでなく、日本人客も奪われかねない。高コスト経営に慣れきった発想を改め、積極的に取り組むべきだ。
LLCs have not found a foothold in the Japanese market because this nation's civil aviation policy paid more heed to the intentions of domestic airlines sticking with high fares than to passengers.
格安航空がこれまで日本に浸透しなかったのは、航空政策が、利用者より、高額料金にこだわる国内航空会社の意向を優先してきたからだろう。
We think the government should reinforce its policy support of LCCs as this will enhance the international competitiveness of domestic airlines and promote Japan as a tourism-oriented country.
政府はこの際、国際競争力の向上と観光立国を推進する観点からも、格安航空に対する政策支援を充実させる必要がある。
The government must consider lowering the expensive landing fees that have rankled foreign airlines, build terminals exclusively for LCCs and deregulate the fare system so fares can be set flexibly. Needless to say, the industry must be closely supervised to ensure that passenger safety is never compromised.
各国の航空会社から批判が強い高額な着陸料の引き下げ、専用ターミナルの建設、価格設定を弾力化できる運賃制度の規制緩和などが検討課題となろう。安全が確保されているかどうか、監視の徹底は言うまでもない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 18, 2010)
（2010年10月18日01時28分 読売新聞）
Low-cost carriers will ignite airfare war
格安航空参入 本格化する「空」の価格競争（10月18日付・読売社説）
Foreign low-cost carriers (LCCs) are lining up to enter the Japanese market. They are catching the eyes of customers by offering ultralow fares--for example, 5,000 yen for Haneda-Kuala Lumpur flights and 4,000 yen on the Ibaraki-Shanghai route.
羽田―クアラルンプール５０００円、茨城―上海４０００円――。
こうした超割安運賃を売り物に、海外の格安航空会社が相次いで日本市場に進出している。
Airfares in Japan are said to be the highest in the world. Intensified price competition will be ringing alarm bells at major domestic airlines, which have provided service to passengers calculated on the premise of charging high airfares.
航空料金が世界で最も高いと言われる日本に価格競争の波が押し寄せれば、高額運賃を前提に手厚いサービスを競ってきた国内航空大手にとって脅威となろう。
The advance into Japan by these carriers is expected to stimulate demand for air travel among passengers--especially young people--who are sensitive to fares, thereby attracting visitors from Asia and elsewhere. We hope these carriers' full entry into the Japanese market will help revitalize the national economy.
だが、価格に敏感な若者層など新たな航空需要を開拓し、アジアなどからの訪日客を誘致する呼び水ともなる。本格参入を日本経済の活性化につなげたい。
LCCs now fly about 40 percent of all passengers in the United States and Europe and nearly 20 percent in Asia. Their trademark management strategy is to offer rock-bottom airfares by slashing operating costs.
格安航空は、欧米で利用客の約４割、アジアで約２割を占めるまでに成長している。特徴は、低料金を実現するために、運航費用を徹底的に削減する手法にある。
===
Cost-cutting efforts
These airlines keep a lid on maintenance costs by using a limited number of aircraft models and maximizing flight numbers by shuttling between destinations with a short turnaround time. They crimp on personnel costs by making cabin crew clean the aircraft. Seats are squeezed close together and passengers must pay for in-flight meals and movies.
機種を統一して整備費を抑え、短時間の折り返し運航で便数を増やす。客室乗務員に清掃も担わせるなどして人件費を減らす。座席の間隔は狭く、機内食や映画鑑賞などは有料だ。
Australia's Jetstar Airways, South Korea's Jeju Air and China's Spring Airlines are already here, and Malaysia's AirAsia--the largest low-cost carrier in Asia--will start operating in Japan in December. This is expected to crank up competition among LCCs.
日本には、豪ジェットスター、韓国チェジュ、中国・春秋などに続き、アジア最大手マレーシア・エアアジアが１２月に就航し、競争は一気に激化するとみられる。
Regular international flights will resume at Haneda Airport late this month for the first time in 32 years with the completion of a new runway. The number of departure and arrival slots at Haneda and Narita airports will expand to 750,000 a year--1.5 times the current figure--in three to four years.
１０月末から３２年ぶりに羽田の国際定期便が復活する。新滑走路が完成するためで、成田を含めた発着枠は３～４年後に年間７５万回と現在の１・５倍に拡大する。
The planned increase in slots will have the LCCs rubbing their hands with glee. Their entry into Japan had been hampered by the restricted number of available slots.
格安航空にとっては、参入を阻んでいた発着枠に余裕ができることが追い風だ。
To counter the arrival of foreign LCCs, All Nippon Airways will establish Japan's first full-scale LCC this year and start service next fiscal year. Japan Airlines, which is struggling to reconstruct itself after filing for court-administered bankruptcy early this year, also is contemplating launching an LCC.
こうした動きに対抗し、全日本空輸は日本初の本格的な格安航空を年内に設立し、来年度から運航を始める。再建中の日本航空も検討に入っている。
===
Change concept
Some observers have suggested the Japanese LCCs will steal passengers away from their parent airlines. But domestic airlines will fall behind foreign LCCs in attracting Asian passengers and also lose Japanese passengers to them if they sit idly by. ANA and JAL must overhaul their deep-seated, high-cost management mind-set and promote their low-cost business in earnest.
本体と顧客を奪い合う懸念もあるが、このままではアジア客の取り込みで後れを取るだけでなく、日本人客も奪われかねない。高コスト経営に慣れきった発想を改め、積極的に取り組むべきだ。
LLCs have not found a foothold in the Japanese market because this nation's civil aviation policy paid more heed to the intentions of domestic airlines sticking with high fares than to passengers.
格安航空がこれまで日本に浸透しなかったのは、航空政策が、利用者より、高額料金にこだわる国内航空会社の意向を優先してきたからだろう。
We think the government should reinforce its policy support of LCCs as this will enhance the international competitiveness of domestic airlines and promote Japan as a tourism-oriented country.
政府はこの際、国際競争力の向上と観光立国を推進する観点からも、格安航空に対する政策支援を充実させる必要がある。
The government must consider lowering the expensive landing fees that have rankled foreign airlines, build terminals exclusively for LCCs and deregulate the fare system so fares can be set flexibly. Needless to say, the industry must be closely supervised to ensure that passenger safety is never compromised.
各国の航空会社から批判が強い高額な着陸料の引き下げ、専用ターミナルの建設、価格設定を弾力化できる運賃制度の規制緩和などが検討課題となろう。安全が確保されているかどうか、監視の徹底は言うまでもない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 18, 2010)
（2010年10月18日01時28分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Oct. 18, 2010)
Formulate rules to protect gift of nature
生物多様性会議 自然の恵み守るルール作りを（10月17日付・読売社説）
International cooperation is indispensable to protect the Earth's natural environment, which is inhabited by a vast array of organisms.
様々な生き物が生息する地球の自然環境を守っていくためには、国際的協調が欠かせない。
The 10th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP10) kicks off in Nagoya on Monday to discuss related measures. About 190 countries and regions will participate.
その方策を話し合う生物多様性条約の第１０回締約国会議（ＣＯＰ１０）が１８日から名古屋市で開幕し、約１９０の国・地域が参加する。
It is an urgent task to head off the ecosystem destruction currently under way across the globe. We hope COP10 will serve as a catalyst toward this end.
緊急の課題は、世界的に進む生態系の破壊を食い止めることだ。ＣＯＰ１０が、そのきっかけとなることを期待したい。
Biodiversity is a keyword of the conference, but it is unfamiliar to most people.
生物多様性――。これが会議のキーワードだが、一般にはなじみが薄いのが現状だろう。
The Earth's organisms are interconnected and interdependent. Microbes fertilize soil on which trees grow. Berries and fruits on the trees are precious food for animals.
地球上の生き物は、それぞれにつながりを持ち、依存し合って生きている。微生物が土壌を豊かにし、そこに樹木が育つ。その樹木の実は、動物の貴重な餌になる、というわけだ。
Of course, seafood and grains on our table also are a gift of nature.
もちろん、我々の食卓に上る魚介類や穀物なども、自然の恵みそのものだ。
This natural cycle is predicated on the continued existence of a wide variety of organisms, believed to number in the tens of millions. We must protect this biodiversity and maintain the environment for its sustainable future use.
こうした自然のサイクルは、数千万種とされる多種多様な生き物がいるからこそ成り立つ。この生物多様性を守り、将来も我々が持続的に利用できる環境を保持していかねばならない。
Halting biodiversity loss
However, it is said that as many as 40,000 kinds of organisms go extinct on Earth each year. This is partly due to a decline in tropical forests, host to a plethora of life forms, because of development by humans.
だが、地球上では毎年、４万種もの生物が絶滅していると言われている。生物の宝庫である熱帯林が開発により減少していることなどが原因とされる。
Therefore, setting a concrete target to stop this biodiversity loss likely will be the focus of attention at the Nagoya conference.
このため、名古屋会議では多様性の損失を食い止めるための具体的な目標設定が焦点となろう。
The European Union is calling for a target of halting biodiversity loss by 2020, but developing countries that want to place priority on development insist on a more moderate goal.
欧州連合（ＥＵ）は「２０２０年までに損失を止める」との目標を求めているが、開発を優先したい途上国側は、より緩やかな目標設定を主張している。
We hope countries will cooperate to reach a realistic agreement to tackle the problem.
各国が協力して取り組める現実的な着地点を見いだしたい。
Another contentious issue on the COP10 agenda is formulating rules on how profits should be apportioned to developing countries if companies in advanced countries make pharmaceuticals using animals, plants or microbes taken from developing countries.
先進国の企業が、途上国原産の動植物や微生物を利用して医薬品などを製造した際、その利益を原産国にどう配分するか。このルール作りも大きな論点だ。
Biological resources help our life in a variety of ways. For example, Madagascar periwinkle originally from Madagascar is used as a compound in making anticancer agents.
マダガスカル原産のニチニチソウが抗がん剤の原料に使われるなど、生物資源は我々の生活の様々な面で役に立っている。
Bridging the divide
However, a wide gap exists between developing countries, which demand a larger share of the lucrative profits from their biological resources, and advanced nations, which want to reduce profit-sharing out of concern over an increased burden on drugmakers.
しかし、ここでも、より多くの利益配分を求める途上国と、企業の負担増を懸念し、配分を抑えたい先進国の溝は深い。
The Convention on Biological Diversity, together with the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are called "twin treaties."
生物多様性条約と、温室効果ガスの排出を削減させる気候変動枠組み条約は「双子の条約」と呼ばれる。
Yet the reality is that in either case, the tug-of-war between advanced countries and developing countries keep discussions from progressing.
そのどちらも、先進国と途上国の対立が議論の進展を阻んでいるのが現状だ。
The diplomatic and organizational abilities of COP10 chair Japan will be put to the test in Nagoya, as attention focuses on whether the conference will be able to draw up fair and equitable rules.
名古屋会議で公平なルールを策定できるのか。議長国である日本の手腕が問われる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 17, 2010)
（2010年10月17日01時06分 読売新聞）
Formulate rules to protect gift of nature
生物多様性会議 自然の恵み守るルール作りを（10月17日付・読売社説）
International cooperation is indispensable to protect the Earth's natural environment, which is inhabited by a vast array of organisms.
様々な生き物が生息する地球の自然環境を守っていくためには、国際的協調が欠かせない。
The 10th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP10) kicks off in Nagoya on Monday to discuss related measures. About 190 countries and regions will participate.
その方策を話し合う生物多様性条約の第１０回締約国会議（ＣＯＰ１０）が１８日から名古屋市で開幕し、約１９０の国・地域が参加する。
It is an urgent task to head off the ecosystem destruction currently under way across the globe. We hope COP10 will serve as a catalyst toward this end.
緊急の課題は、世界的に進む生態系の破壊を食い止めることだ。ＣＯＰ１０が、そのきっかけとなることを期待したい。
Biodiversity is a keyword of the conference, but it is unfamiliar to most people.
生物多様性――。これが会議のキーワードだが、一般にはなじみが薄いのが現状だろう。
The Earth's organisms are interconnected and interdependent. Microbes fertilize soil on which trees grow. Berries and fruits on the trees are precious food for animals.
地球上の生き物は、それぞれにつながりを持ち、依存し合って生きている。微生物が土壌を豊かにし、そこに樹木が育つ。その樹木の実は、動物の貴重な餌になる、というわけだ。
Of course, seafood and grains on our table also are a gift of nature.
もちろん、我々の食卓に上る魚介類や穀物なども、自然の恵みそのものだ。
This natural cycle is predicated on the continued existence of a wide variety of organisms, believed to number in the tens of millions. We must protect this biodiversity and maintain the environment for its sustainable future use.
こうした自然のサイクルは、数千万種とされる多種多様な生き物がいるからこそ成り立つ。この生物多様性を守り、将来も我々が持続的に利用できる環境を保持していかねばならない。
Halting biodiversity loss
However, it is said that as many as 40,000 kinds of organisms go extinct on Earth each year. This is partly due to a decline in tropical forests, host to a plethora of life forms, because of development by humans.
だが、地球上では毎年、４万種もの生物が絶滅していると言われている。生物の宝庫である熱帯林が開発により減少していることなどが原因とされる。
Therefore, setting a concrete target to stop this biodiversity loss likely will be the focus of attention at the Nagoya conference.
このため、名古屋会議では多様性の損失を食い止めるための具体的な目標設定が焦点となろう。
The European Union is calling for a target of halting biodiversity loss by 2020, but developing countries that want to place priority on development insist on a more moderate goal.
欧州連合（ＥＵ）は「２０２０年までに損失を止める」との目標を求めているが、開発を優先したい途上国側は、より緩やかな目標設定を主張している。
We hope countries will cooperate to reach a realistic agreement to tackle the problem.
各国が協力して取り組める現実的な着地点を見いだしたい。
Another contentious issue on the COP10 agenda is formulating rules on how profits should be apportioned to developing countries if companies in advanced countries make pharmaceuticals using animals, plants or microbes taken from developing countries.
先進国の企業が、途上国原産の動植物や微生物を利用して医薬品などを製造した際、その利益を原産国にどう配分するか。このルール作りも大きな論点だ。
Biological resources help our life in a variety of ways. For example, Madagascar periwinkle originally from Madagascar is used as a compound in making anticancer agents.
マダガスカル原産のニチニチソウが抗がん剤の原料に使われるなど、生物資源は我々の生活の様々な面で役に立っている。
Bridging the divide
However, a wide gap exists between developing countries, which demand a larger share of the lucrative profits from their biological resources, and advanced nations, which want to reduce profit-sharing out of concern over an increased burden on drugmakers.
しかし、ここでも、より多くの利益配分を求める途上国と、企業の負担増を懸念し、配分を抑えたい先進国の溝は深い。
The Convention on Biological Diversity, together with the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are called "twin treaties."
生物多様性条約と、温室効果ガスの排出を削減させる気候変動枠組み条約は「双子の条約」と呼ばれる。
Yet the reality is that in either case, the tug-of-war between advanced countries and developing countries keep discussions from progressing.
そのどちらも、先進国と途上国の対立が議論の進展を阻んでいるのが現状だ。
The diplomatic and organizational abilities of COP10 chair Japan will be put to the test in Nagoya, as attention focuses on whether the conference will be able to draw up fair and equitable rules.
名古屋会議で公平なルールを策定できるのか。議長国である日本の手腕が問われる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 17, 2010)
（2010年10月17日01時06分 読売新聞）
2010/10/16
--The Asahi Shimbun, Oct. 15
EDITORIAL: Lessons from Chile
チリ落盤の教訓―資源得るリスク直視を
People all over the world held their breath as they watched the dramatic rescue of the Chilean miners and then breathed a collective sigh of relief as they were reunited with their families.
家族との対面に至る救出の一部始終を世界中が息をのんで見つめ、胸をなで下ろした。
All of the 33 miners were trapped 700 meters underground when the copper mine in northern Chile collapsed in early August. They were lifted safely to the surface after being stuck in a tunnel for 69 days.
南米チリ北部の鉱山で、地下約７００メートルに閉じこめられていた作業員３３人が全員、６９日ぶりに無事地上に戻ってきた。
It was a rescue drama that will be remembered by posterity. It was made possible by good judgment and effective leadership from a veteran miner, fine teamwork among the miners, the family love that supported them throughout the ordeal, aid offers from around the world, and the tenacious efforts and technological prowess of the rescue team that accomplished a dangerous mission.
地下のリーダーの的確な判断と指導力、作業員のチームワーク、それを支えた家族愛、世界中から差し伸べられた支援の手。危険を伴う作業を成し遂げた救出チームの努力と技術力、まさに歴史に残る救出劇だった。
Behind the accident, however, lies a daunting challenge for today's world: soaring global demand for resources driven by the robust economic growth of China and other emerging countries, as well as the decreasing availability of those resources.
だが、今回の事故の背景を見れば、世界が直面している課題が浮かび上がってくることも無視できない。
中国など新興国の経済成長を背景とした資源需要の世界的な急増と、そうした資源がますます手に入れにくくなっているという現実である。
Chile has the world's largest copper reserves and is the largest producer of the metal. It has the world's largest open-pit copper mine, which stretches more than 4 kilometers and attracts droves of tourists, as well as many smaller mines.
チリは、世界一の銅の埋蔵国、そして生産国だ。世界最大の露天掘りの銅山が４キロ以上にわたって広がり、観光名所となっている所があれば、規模の小さいものも少なくない。
The San Jose mine, where the accident occurred, is one of those medium- to small-sized mines. Its safety has been repeatedly called into question, and it was shut down following a fatal explosion in 2007. The mine was reopened in summer 2008 as copper prices shot up.
事故のあったサンホセ鉱山は、そんな中小の銅鉱山の一つで、安全面での問題がしばしば指摘され、２００７年に爆発事故で死者を出し、閉鎖されていた。ところが、銅価格の急騰で、０８年夏に操業を再開した。
It is hard to deny that the mining was resumed hastily without enough effort to deal with safety concerns. In the August accident, as much as 700,000 tons of rock collapsed. After years of serious effort to improve safety at large mines across the globe, the rock fall surprised many industry observers, who say such a large-scale mine cave-in is now almost unthinkable.
安全面で問題を抱えたまま操業を急いだ面が否めない。今回の事故では約７０万トンもの岩石が崩れ落ちた。大規模な鉱山では安全対策が進み、近年ではこうした大規模な落盤事故はまず考えられないと驚く関係者も多い。
Demand for copper and other metals is perking up as the world economy recovers from the global recession triggered by the collapse of U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers in 2008. In particular, China, where demand for copper started growing sharply in the late 1990s, now accounts for about a third of global demand. As a result of the explosive growth of demand, copper prices have skyrocketed.
銅などの金属の需要は、世界経済がリーマン・ショック後の落ち込みから回復するとともに急増している。とりわけ中国では、銅の需要は１９９０年代後半から急増し、世界の約３分の１を占める。その結果が価格の高騰だ。
Higher prices make even poor-quality mines economically viable. The trend in recent years has been toward deeper and poorer-quality mines.
価格が上がれば、条件の悪い鉱山でも採算が合うようになる。より深く、より悪条件の場所へ。
The San Jose mine was reopened against this backdrop.
まさに今回のような鉱山が登場することになる。
The world's dependence on China for supplies of rare earth metals, which are indispensable for manufacturing a wide range of high-tech products, is attracting much international attention.
But there is also no room for optimism about the future outlook of such common metals as copper, aluminum and lead. There are few alternatives for copper, an essential material to produce electric wires, and many of the easy-to-operate copper mines have already been developed.
中国頼みの希少資源としてレアアースが注目されているが、銅やアルミニウム、鉛などの金属についても決して将来を楽観できない。電線に欠かせない銅などは代替品も少なく、採取の容易な鉱山はかなりの部分がすでに開発済みである。
Mining-related accidents are, unfortunately, not a rarity. More effort should be made to expand international cooperation, not just in dealing with accidents once they occur, but also to prevent accidents by implementing proper safety measures.
世界的には、資源採掘をめぐる事故は珍しくない。今回示されたような事故後の国際協力ばかりでなく、事故防止の安全策にも力を合わせたい。
It is also necessary to take steps to prepare for the eventual depletion of these natural resources. It will become increasingly important in the coming years to make more efficient use of limited resources and expand their reuse. Japan has a significant role to play in promoting such efforts.
天然資源だから、いずれ枯渇することも考えておかなければならない。限られた資源を有効に使うこと、そして再利用がますます重要になる。日本の役割は決して小さくない。
The U.S. administration of President Barack Obama has approved the lifting of the moratorium on deepwater oil drilling imposed after the Deepwater Horizon explosion and spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It is also vital to minimize the environmental impact of underground mining and resource development projects.
米オバマ政権は、流出事故を起こした海底油田の操業再開にゴーサインを出した。地下資源の採取は、環境への影響を最小限に抑えることも大切だ。
--The Asahi Shimbun, Oct. 15
EDITORIAL: Lessons from Chile
チリ落盤の教訓―資源得るリスク直視を
People all over the world held their breath as they watched the dramatic rescue of the Chilean miners and then breathed a collective sigh of relief as they were reunited with their families.
家族との対面に至る救出の一部始終を世界中が息をのんで見つめ、胸をなで下ろした。
All of the 33 miners were trapped 700 meters underground when the copper mine in northern Chile collapsed in early August. They were lifted safely to the surface after being stuck in a tunnel for 69 days.
南米チリ北部の鉱山で、地下約７００メートルに閉じこめられていた作業員３３人が全員、６９日ぶりに無事地上に戻ってきた。
It was a rescue drama that will be remembered by posterity. It was made possible by good judgment and effective leadership from a veteran miner, fine teamwork among the miners, the family love that supported them throughout the ordeal, aid offers from around the world, and the tenacious efforts and technological prowess of the rescue team that accomplished a dangerous mission.
地下のリーダーの的確な判断と指導力、作業員のチームワーク、それを支えた家族愛、世界中から差し伸べられた支援の手。危険を伴う作業を成し遂げた救出チームの努力と技術力、まさに歴史に残る救出劇だった。
Behind the accident, however, lies a daunting challenge for today's world: soaring global demand for resources driven by the robust economic growth of China and other emerging countries, as well as the decreasing availability of those resources.
だが、今回の事故の背景を見れば、世界が直面している課題が浮かび上がってくることも無視できない。
中国など新興国の経済成長を背景とした資源需要の世界的な急増と、そうした資源がますます手に入れにくくなっているという現実である。
Chile has the world's largest copper reserves and is the largest producer of the metal. It has the world's largest open-pit copper mine, which stretches more than 4 kilometers and attracts droves of tourists, as well as many smaller mines.
チリは、世界一の銅の埋蔵国、そして生産国だ。世界最大の露天掘りの銅山が４キロ以上にわたって広がり、観光名所となっている所があれば、規模の小さいものも少なくない。
The San Jose mine, where the accident occurred, is one of those medium- to small-sized mines. Its safety has been repeatedly called into question, and it was shut down following a fatal explosion in 2007. The mine was reopened in summer 2008 as copper prices shot up.
事故のあったサンホセ鉱山は、そんな中小の銅鉱山の一つで、安全面での問題がしばしば指摘され、２００７年に爆発事故で死者を出し、閉鎖されていた。ところが、銅価格の急騰で、０８年夏に操業を再開した。
It is hard to deny that the mining was resumed hastily without enough effort to deal with safety concerns. In the August accident, as much as 700,000 tons of rock collapsed. After years of serious effort to improve safety at large mines across the globe, the rock fall surprised many industry observers, who say such a large-scale mine cave-in is now almost unthinkable.
安全面で問題を抱えたまま操業を急いだ面が否めない。今回の事故では約７０万トンもの岩石が崩れ落ちた。大規模な鉱山では安全対策が進み、近年ではこうした大規模な落盤事故はまず考えられないと驚く関係者も多い。
Demand for copper and other metals is perking up as the world economy recovers from the global recession triggered by the collapse of U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers in 2008. In particular, China, where demand for copper started growing sharply in the late 1990s, now accounts for about a third of global demand. As a result of the explosive growth of demand, copper prices have skyrocketed.
銅などの金属の需要は、世界経済がリーマン・ショック後の落ち込みから回復するとともに急増している。とりわけ中国では、銅の需要は１９９０年代後半から急増し、世界の約３分の１を占める。その結果が価格の高騰だ。
Higher prices make even poor-quality mines economically viable. The trend in recent years has been toward deeper and poorer-quality mines.
価格が上がれば、条件の悪い鉱山でも採算が合うようになる。より深く、より悪条件の場所へ。
The San Jose mine was reopened against this backdrop.
まさに今回のような鉱山が登場することになる。
The world's dependence on China for supplies of rare earth metals, which are indispensable for manufacturing a wide range of high-tech products, is attracting much international attention.
But there is also no room for optimism about the future outlook of such common metals as copper, aluminum and lead. There are few alternatives for copper, an essential material to produce electric wires, and many of the easy-to-operate copper mines have already been developed.
中国頼みの希少資源としてレアアースが注目されているが、銅やアルミニウム、鉛などの金属についても決して将来を楽観できない。電線に欠かせない銅などは代替品も少なく、採取の容易な鉱山はかなりの部分がすでに開発済みである。
Mining-related accidents are, unfortunately, not a rarity. More effort should be made to expand international cooperation, not just in dealing with accidents once they occur, but also to prevent accidents by implementing proper safety measures.
世界的には、資源採掘をめぐる事故は珍しくない。今回示されたような事故後の国際協力ばかりでなく、事故防止の安全策にも力を合わせたい。
It is also necessary to take steps to prepare for the eventual depletion of these natural resources. It will become increasingly important in the coming years to make more efficient use of limited resources and expand their reuse. Japan has a significant role to play in promoting such efforts.
天然資源だから、いずれ枯渇することも考えておかなければならない。限られた資源を有効に使うこと、そして再利用がますます重要になる。日本の役割は決して小さくない。
The U.S. administration of President Barack Obama has approved the lifting of the moratorium on deepwater oil drilling imposed after the Deepwater Horizon explosion and spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It is also vital to minimize the environmental impact of underground mining and resource development projects.
米オバマ政権は、流出事故を起こした海底油田の操業再開にゴーサインを出した。地下資源の採取は、環境への影響を最小限に抑えることも大切だ。
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Oct. 16, 2010)
Japan-S. Korea navy ties needed to contain North
海上阻止訓練 「北の核」包囲へ日韓協力深めよ（10月15日付・読売社説）
Our world would immediately be put at risk if ships carrying nuclear weapons and nuclear-related goods were free to sail wherever they wanted. Nations around the world must join hands to stop such unrestricted conduct.
核兵器やその関連物資を積んだ船舶が自由気ままに航行するのを許しておけば、世界はたちまち危険きわまりない状況に陥ってしまう。国際社会は協力して、これを阻止しなければならない。
The latest maritime interdiction drill performed in waters off Busan, South Korea, was an example of the kind of cooperation that can be facilitated by the international community.
昨日、韓国・釜山沖で実施された韓国主催の海上阻止訓練は、そうした国際協力の実例である。
The two-day exercise that ended Thursday was organized by South Korea in accordance with the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), a U.S.-led program involving 96 nations to prevent the further spread of weapons of mass destruction. Four nations took part in the training--Japan, South Korea, the United States and Australia.
米国が主導して世界９６か国が参加・協力している大量破壊兵器拡散阻止構想（ＰＳＩ）に基づき、日韓米豪の４か国が参加した。
The exercise included a drill in which two destroyers from the Maritime Self-Defense Force played a leading role in halting and searching a vessel in cooperation with two South Korean Navy destroyers and a U.S. Navy aegis-equipped destroyer. The drill was based on a scenario in which the searched ship was carrying suspicious freight.
訓練では、日本の海上自衛隊の護衛艦２隻が、韓国海軍の駆逐艦や米国海軍イージス艦とともに、疑わしい貨物を積んだ船舶を停止させ船内を捜索する演習で、主要な役割を担った。
Over the years, the MSDF and the South Korean Navy have joined a large U.S. Navy exercise off the coast of Hawaii, known as RIMPAC.
海自と韓国海軍は、遠いハワイ沖での米海軍主催の環太平洋合同演習（リムパック）には、ともに参加してきた。
However, this latest event was the first of its kind in which Japan and South Korea sent ships for a multilateral drill in waters close to their shores.
だが、近海での多国間訓練にそろって艦船を派遣したのは今回が初めてである。
Shared threat
The two nations have long adhered to their respective perceptions of history. This has probably been a factor behind the cautious attitude both nations have toward bilateral security cooperation.
過去の歴史へのこだわりが、日韓両国が安全保障の協力に慎重だった一因でもある。
However, a deepening threat posed by North Korea has changed all this.
それを変えたのは、深刻化する北朝鮮の脅威だ。
Immediately after the reclusive state conducted a second nuclear test in May 2009 despite condemnation by the international community, South Korea said it would fully join the PSI. Seoul's decision to take the lead in organizing this month's maritime drill came after it concluded the sinking of a South Korean Navy patrol boat in March was caused by a torpedo attack by the North.
韓国は、昨年５月、北朝鮮が２度目の核実験を強行した直後にＰＳＩへの全面参加を表明した。今年３月の韓国海軍哨戒艦沈没事件では、北朝鮮の魚雷攻撃によると結論づけた後、今回の海上阻止訓練の主催に踏み切った。
North Korea--a country that has relentlessly pursued nuclear arms and ballistic missiles--is the greatest element of instability in East Asia.
東アジア最大の不安定要因は、核兵器や弾道ミサイルの開発をやめようともしない北朝鮮だ。
Pyongyang has declared it will bolster its nuclear deterrent, despite an economy facing imminent collapse. The hermit nation has also entered a period of transition, in which Kim Jong Un is being positioned as the heir apparent to his father, supreme leader Kim Jong Il, in what would be the third generation of the Kim family to hold power.
民生経済が破綻(はたん)する中、「核抑止力の強化」を宣言し、金正日総書記から正恩氏への特異な「３代世襲」の権力移行期に入った。
Keep up intl pressure
The international community should not drop its guard with respect to North Korea, which exports ballistic missiles to earn foreign cash, and imports materials and commodities needed to develop nuclear weapons and missiles.
北朝鮮が外貨稼ぎのために弾道ミサイルを輸出したり、核やミサイル開発に必要な関連物資を輸入したりすることへの警戒を、国際社会は怠ってはなるまい。
The U.N. Security Council has adopted a resolution against North Korea imposing an embargo on WMDs and goods related to the production of such arms, while also requesting member states to inspect vessels connected to North Korea suspected of carrying such cargo.
北朝鮮に対しては、大量破壊兵器とその関連物資などの禁輸と、それを積載した疑いのある船舶の検査を各国に要請した国連安全保障理事会の決議が存在する。
We believe it is essential to continue PSI-based maritime interdiction drills to ensure the U.N. resolution blocks Pyongyang's WMD ambitions.
安保理決議の実効性をあげるためにも、ＰＳＩに基づく海上阻止訓練の積み重ねが大切だ。
There is a limit to what can be achieved through such exercises, given the need to obtain consent from the nation a ship belongs to when a cargo inspection is deemed necessary in international waters. North Korea cannot be expected to accept such inspections. Still, carrying out multilateral maritime interdiction drills can do much to strongly deter the unpredictable regime from proliferating WMDs.
公海での貨物検査には船籍国の同意が必要で、北朝鮮が応じるはずがないという限界はあろう。だが、強い牽制(けんせい)効果はある。
Further progress in advancing cooperation between Japan and South Korea in this area will increase trust between the two nations, as well as improve collaboration between Tokyo, Seoul and Washington as they stand up to the challenge Pyongyang presents.
日韓が協力を進めることで互いの信頼は深まる。それが日米韓の連携を一層強化し、北朝鮮の挑発を抑止することにつながる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 15, 2010)
（2010年10月15日01時21分 読売新聞）
Japan-S. Korea navy ties needed to contain North
海上阻止訓練 「北の核」包囲へ日韓協力深めよ（10月15日付・読売社説）
Our world would immediately be put at risk if ships carrying nuclear weapons and nuclear-related goods were free to sail wherever they wanted. Nations around the world must join hands to stop such unrestricted conduct.
核兵器やその関連物資を積んだ船舶が自由気ままに航行するのを許しておけば、世界はたちまち危険きわまりない状況に陥ってしまう。国際社会は協力して、これを阻止しなければならない。
The latest maritime interdiction drill performed in waters off Busan, South Korea, was an example of the kind of cooperation that can be facilitated by the international community.
昨日、韓国・釜山沖で実施された韓国主催の海上阻止訓練は、そうした国際協力の実例である。
The two-day exercise that ended Thursday was organized by South Korea in accordance with the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), a U.S.-led program involving 96 nations to prevent the further spread of weapons of mass destruction. Four nations took part in the training--Japan, South Korea, the United States and Australia.
米国が主導して世界９６か国が参加・協力している大量破壊兵器拡散阻止構想（ＰＳＩ）に基づき、日韓米豪の４か国が参加した。
The exercise included a drill in which two destroyers from the Maritime Self-Defense Force played a leading role in halting and searching a vessel in cooperation with two South Korean Navy destroyers and a U.S. Navy aegis-equipped destroyer. The drill was based on a scenario in which the searched ship was carrying suspicious freight.
訓練では、日本の海上自衛隊の護衛艦２隻が、韓国海軍の駆逐艦や米国海軍イージス艦とともに、疑わしい貨物を積んだ船舶を停止させ船内を捜索する演習で、主要な役割を担った。
Over the years, the MSDF and the South Korean Navy have joined a large U.S. Navy exercise off the coast of Hawaii, known as RIMPAC.
海自と韓国海軍は、遠いハワイ沖での米海軍主催の環太平洋合同演習（リムパック）には、ともに参加してきた。
However, this latest event was the first of its kind in which Japan and South Korea sent ships for a multilateral drill in waters close to their shores.
だが、近海での多国間訓練にそろって艦船を派遣したのは今回が初めてである。
Shared threat
The two nations have long adhered to their respective perceptions of history. This has probably been a factor behind the cautious attitude both nations have toward bilateral security cooperation.
過去の歴史へのこだわりが、日韓両国が安全保障の協力に慎重だった一因でもある。
However, a deepening threat posed by North Korea has changed all this.
それを変えたのは、深刻化する北朝鮮の脅威だ。
Immediately after the reclusive state conducted a second nuclear test in May 2009 despite condemnation by the international community, South Korea said it would fully join the PSI. Seoul's decision to take the lead in organizing this month's maritime drill came after it concluded the sinking of a South Korean Navy patrol boat in March was caused by a torpedo attack by the North.
韓国は、昨年５月、北朝鮮が２度目の核実験を強行した直後にＰＳＩへの全面参加を表明した。今年３月の韓国海軍哨戒艦沈没事件では、北朝鮮の魚雷攻撃によると結論づけた後、今回の海上阻止訓練の主催に踏み切った。
North Korea--a country that has relentlessly pursued nuclear arms and ballistic missiles--is the greatest element of instability in East Asia.
東アジア最大の不安定要因は、核兵器や弾道ミサイルの開発をやめようともしない北朝鮮だ。
Pyongyang has declared it will bolster its nuclear deterrent, despite an economy facing imminent collapse. The hermit nation has also entered a period of transition, in which Kim Jong Un is being positioned as the heir apparent to his father, supreme leader Kim Jong Il, in what would be the third generation of the Kim family to hold power.
民生経済が破綻(はたん)する中、「核抑止力の強化」を宣言し、金正日総書記から正恩氏への特異な「３代世襲」の権力移行期に入った。
Keep up intl pressure
The international community should not drop its guard with respect to North Korea, which exports ballistic missiles to earn foreign cash, and imports materials and commodities needed to develop nuclear weapons and missiles.
北朝鮮が外貨稼ぎのために弾道ミサイルを輸出したり、核やミサイル開発に必要な関連物資を輸入したりすることへの警戒を、国際社会は怠ってはなるまい。
The U.N. Security Council has adopted a resolution against North Korea imposing an embargo on WMDs and goods related to the production of such arms, while also requesting member states to inspect vessels connected to North Korea suspected of carrying such cargo.
北朝鮮に対しては、大量破壊兵器とその関連物資などの禁輸と、それを積載した疑いのある船舶の検査を各国に要請した国連安全保障理事会の決議が存在する。
We believe it is essential to continue PSI-based maritime interdiction drills to ensure the U.N. resolution blocks Pyongyang's WMD ambitions.
安保理決議の実効性をあげるためにも、ＰＳＩに基づく海上阻止訓練の積み重ねが大切だ。
There is a limit to what can be achieved through such exercises, given the need to obtain consent from the nation a ship belongs to when a cargo inspection is deemed necessary in international waters. North Korea cannot be expected to accept such inspections. Still, carrying out multilateral maritime interdiction drills can do much to strongly deter the unpredictable regime from proliferating WMDs.
公海での貨物検査には船籍国の同意が必要で、北朝鮮が応じるはずがないという限界はあろう。だが、強い牽制(けんせい)効果はある。
Further progress in advancing cooperation between Japan and South Korea in this area will increase trust between the two nations, as well as improve collaboration between Tokyo, Seoul and Washington as they stand up to the challenge Pyongyang presents.
日韓が協力を進めることで互いの信頼は深まる。それが日米韓の連携を一層強化し、北朝鮮の挑発を抑止することにつながる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 15, 2010)
（2010年10月15日01時21分 読売新聞）
2010/10/14
--The Asahi Shimbun, Oct. 13
EDITORIAL: Unified Germany at 20
ドイツの２０年―欧州統合への歩みに学ぶ
When the Berlin Wall came down, East Germans spilled into the streets and chanted, "We are one people." The outpouring of their longing for the freedom and prosperity of the West turned the wheels of history.
ベルリンの壁が崩壊し、街に繰り出した旧東独の人々が叫んだ。「我々は一つの国民だ」。西側の自由と豊かさへのあこがれ。噴き出した人々の情念が歴史の歯車を動かした。
Germany's reunification, on Oct. 3, 1990, heralded a new era in contemporary history.
１９９０年１０月の東西ドイツ統一は、現代史の新しい幕開けだった。
Celebrating the 20th anniversary, German President Christian Wulff noted: "In 1989 the East Germans chanted 'We are the people, we are one people.' This evoked a sense of national identity that had long been buried ... . Now, 20 years on, a new self-confidence has taken hold throughout Germany, a relaxed brand of patriotism, a frank assertion of belief in our country--a country that is aware of its great responsibility for the past and that is shaping the future accordingly."
あれから２０年。統一記念式典で演説したウルフ大統領の言葉は印象的だ。
「旧東独の人々の叫びが、眠っていた国民のアイデンティティーを呼び覚ました。２０年後のいま、この国には新しい自信、緩やかな愛国心、そして過去への大きな責任とともに、未来を担おうとの意識が生まれている」
We would say Germany has scored historic successes over the past 20 years.
ドイツにとって、歴史的な成功を収めた２０年だったといえよう。
Back in 1990, Germany's neighbors were apprehensive about reunification. Although Germany engaged in deep soul-searching after its defeat in World War II, former victim nations had yet to fully get over their collective memories of the destruction caused by Germany in the two world wars and the unspeakable horrors of the Nazi death camps.
当時、近隣国にはドイツ統一への警戒心が強かった。２度の大戦とユダヤ人虐殺。戦後ドイツが示した反省にもかかわらず、被害の記憶はなかなか消え去らなかった。
Aware of these sentiments, German leaders chose to incorporate their country into the multilateral cooperative framework of European nations which were striving to realize regional integration, even if that meant making some sacrifices.
ドイツの指導者たちが取り組んだのは、地域統合をめざす欧州の多国間協力の枠組みに、代償を払ってでも自らを組み込むことだった。
Germany abandoned the Deutsche mark, which was Europe's strongest currency at the time, and agreed to adopt the euro. Germany also encouraged Poland, Czechoslovakia and other central and eastern European nations to join the EU as well as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. These policies won the support of the rest of Europe and the United States and the acceptance of Russia.
欧州最強の通貨だった独マルクを捨て、単一通貨ユーロの導入を認めた。ポーランドやチェコなど中東欧諸国を後押しして、欧州連合（ＥＵ）や北大西洋条約機構（ＮＡＴＯ）に次々迎え入れた。欧州諸国や米国はこれを支援し、ロシアも受け入れた。
Rather than allow itself to be swallowed up in the current of history, Germany opted to go with the times and lead the nation in a direction that would best serve the interests of its people.
歴史の奔流に身をまかせるのではなく、国民の利益のため、流れに棹（さお）さして望ましい方向へ導いていく。
There is no question that Bonn's foreign policy, based on this position, has worked very favorably for the country.
そんなドイツの自覚的な外交戦略が大きな果実をもたらしたのは明らかだ。
As a result of the integration of European markets, more than 60 percent of German exports today are bound for Europe. Germany's highly competitive automobile and chemical industries are helping to prop up the European economy as a whole.
欧州市場の一体化により、ドイツの貿易のうち対欧は６割を超えた。自動車や化学品など強い産業競争力が欧州経済を下支えしている。
In foreign policy, Germany maintains independent relations with the United States and Russia, and is also party to negotiations over the Iranian nuclear issue. Also, many German troops are on missions in Afghanistan and the former Yugoslavia to restore law and order.
外交では、米国やロシアと自立した関係を築く一方、イランの核問題の交渉に加わっている。アフガニスタンや旧ユーゴスラビアの治安回復に多くの兵士が活動している。
Naturally, Germany is not without problems. The per-capita income of former East Germans is still only 70 percent of that of their West German compatriots, and the jobless rate is high.
もちろん陰の面もある。旧東独の１人あたり所得は旧西独の７割で、その失業率は高い。
During the ceremony to mark the 20th anniversary of reunification, Wulff appealed to his countrymen to be more accepting of Turkish and other immigrants from the Islamic world.
ウルフ大統領は式典で、トルコなどイスラム系移民を社会に取り込む大切さを国民に訴えた。
What should the European Union do to reinforce its functions to overcome the problem of a single currency and fiscal concerns? How should the EU deal with conflict in the Middle East and the Iranian nuclear problem? The EU has an extremely important role to play in the international community.
単一通貨ユーロや財政の不安を乗り越えるために、ＥＵの機能をどう強めるか。中東紛争やイラン核問題をどう解決していくか。ＥＵが国際社会で果たす役割は極めて大きい。
As a core EU member, Germany bears the responsibility of further advancing the integration of Europe and leading the way in resolving various global issues.
ＥＵの中核メンバーとして、ドイツは欧州統合を深化させ、世界の課題解決の先頭に立つ責務がある。
This autumn, commemorative events to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between Japan and Germany kicked off in Japan. In Asia, a divided nation exists on the Korean Peninsula, and disputes over sovereignty and territory continue to flare elsewhere.
この秋、日本で「日独交流１５０周年」の行事が始まった。アジアでは、朝鮮半島に分断国家が残り、領土や主権をめぐる摩擦が起きている。
Japan's circumstances are obviously different from Germany's, but there are many things we can learn from Germany.
置かれた環境は異なるが、ドイツの経験に学べることは少なくない。
--The Asahi Shimbun, Oct. 13
EDITORIAL: Unified Germany at 20
ドイツの２０年―欧州統合への歩みに学ぶ
When the Berlin Wall came down, East Germans spilled into the streets and chanted, "We are one people." The outpouring of their longing for the freedom and prosperity of the West turned the wheels of history.
ベルリンの壁が崩壊し、街に繰り出した旧東独の人々が叫んだ。「我々は一つの国民だ」。西側の自由と豊かさへのあこがれ。噴き出した人々の情念が歴史の歯車を動かした。
Germany's reunification, on Oct. 3, 1990, heralded a new era in contemporary history.
１９９０年１０月の東西ドイツ統一は、現代史の新しい幕開けだった。
Celebrating the 20th anniversary, German President Christian Wulff noted: "In 1989 the East Germans chanted 'We are the people, we are one people.' This evoked a sense of national identity that had long been buried ... . Now, 20 years on, a new self-confidence has taken hold throughout Germany, a relaxed brand of patriotism, a frank assertion of belief in our country--a country that is aware of its great responsibility for the past and that is shaping the future accordingly."
あれから２０年。統一記念式典で演説したウルフ大統領の言葉は印象的だ。
「旧東独の人々の叫びが、眠っていた国民のアイデンティティーを呼び覚ました。２０年後のいま、この国には新しい自信、緩やかな愛国心、そして過去への大きな責任とともに、未来を担おうとの意識が生まれている」
We would say Germany has scored historic successes over the past 20 years.
ドイツにとって、歴史的な成功を収めた２０年だったといえよう。
Back in 1990, Germany's neighbors were apprehensive about reunification. Although Germany engaged in deep soul-searching after its defeat in World War II, former victim nations had yet to fully get over their collective memories of the destruction caused by Germany in the two world wars and the unspeakable horrors of the Nazi death camps.
当時、近隣国にはドイツ統一への警戒心が強かった。２度の大戦とユダヤ人虐殺。戦後ドイツが示した反省にもかかわらず、被害の記憶はなかなか消え去らなかった。
Aware of these sentiments, German leaders chose to incorporate their country into the multilateral cooperative framework of European nations which were striving to realize regional integration, even if that meant making some sacrifices.
ドイツの指導者たちが取り組んだのは、地域統合をめざす欧州の多国間協力の枠組みに、代償を払ってでも自らを組み込むことだった。
Germany abandoned the Deutsche mark, which was Europe's strongest currency at the time, and agreed to adopt the euro. Germany also encouraged Poland, Czechoslovakia and other central and eastern European nations to join the EU as well as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. These policies won the support of the rest of Europe and the United States and the acceptance of Russia.
欧州最強の通貨だった独マルクを捨て、単一通貨ユーロの導入を認めた。ポーランドやチェコなど中東欧諸国を後押しして、欧州連合（ＥＵ）や北大西洋条約機構（ＮＡＴＯ）に次々迎え入れた。欧州諸国や米国はこれを支援し、ロシアも受け入れた。
Rather than allow itself to be swallowed up in the current of history, Germany opted to go with the times and lead the nation in a direction that would best serve the interests of its people.
歴史の奔流に身をまかせるのではなく、国民の利益のため、流れに棹（さお）さして望ましい方向へ導いていく。
There is no question that Bonn's foreign policy, based on this position, has worked very favorably for the country.
そんなドイツの自覚的な外交戦略が大きな果実をもたらしたのは明らかだ。
As a result of the integration of European markets, more than 60 percent of German exports today are bound for Europe. Germany's highly competitive automobile and chemical industries are helping to prop up the European economy as a whole.
欧州市場の一体化により、ドイツの貿易のうち対欧は６割を超えた。自動車や化学品など強い産業競争力が欧州経済を下支えしている。
In foreign policy, Germany maintains independent relations with the United States and Russia, and is also party to negotiations over the Iranian nuclear issue. Also, many German troops are on missions in Afghanistan and the former Yugoslavia to restore law and order.
外交では、米国やロシアと自立した関係を築く一方、イランの核問題の交渉に加わっている。アフガニスタンや旧ユーゴスラビアの治安回復に多くの兵士が活動している。
Naturally, Germany is not without problems. The per-capita income of former East Germans is still only 70 percent of that of their West German compatriots, and the jobless rate is high.
もちろん陰の面もある。旧東独の１人あたり所得は旧西独の７割で、その失業率は高い。
During the ceremony to mark the 20th anniversary of reunification, Wulff appealed to his countrymen to be more accepting of Turkish and other immigrants from the Islamic world.
ウルフ大統領は式典で、トルコなどイスラム系移民を社会に取り込む大切さを国民に訴えた。
What should the European Union do to reinforce its functions to overcome the problem of a single currency and fiscal concerns? How should the EU deal with conflict in the Middle East and the Iranian nuclear problem? The EU has an extremely important role to play in the international community.
単一通貨ユーロや財政の不安を乗り越えるために、ＥＵの機能をどう強めるか。中東紛争やイラン核問題をどう解決していくか。ＥＵが国際社会で果たす役割は極めて大きい。
As a core EU member, Germany bears the responsibility of further advancing the integration of Europe and leading the way in resolving various global issues.
ＥＵの中核メンバーとして、ドイツは欧州統合を深化させ、世界の課題解決の先頭に立つ責務がある。
This autumn, commemorative events to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between Japan and Germany kicked off in Japan. In Asia, a divided nation exists on the Korean Peninsula, and disputes over sovereignty and territory continue to flare elsewhere.
この秋、日本で「日独交流１５０周年」の行事が始まった。アジアでは、朝鮮半島に分断国家が残り、領土や主権をめぐる摩擦が起きている。
Japan's circumstances are obviously different from Germany's, but there are many things we can learn from Germany.
置かれた環境は異なるが、ドイツの経験に学べることは少なくない。
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Oct. 14, 2010)
Continue dialogue with China to ensure security
海上安全保障 中国は協議に前向き対応を（10月13日付・読売社説）
The recent meeting between Japanese and Chinese defense chiefs marked a definite first step toward improving the soured relationship between Tokyo and Beijing, but the road ahead is not likely to be smooth.
日中関係の改善に向けての新たな一歩ではあるが、今後の道のりは平坦(へいたん)ではなかろう。
Defense Minister Toshimi Kitazawa and his Chinese counterpart Liang Guanglie agreed to steadily promote a strategic, mutually beneficial relationship between the two nations in Hanoi on Monday. Their conversation was held on the sidelines of a defense minister's meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus eight countries that include Japan and the United States.
北沢防衛相が訪問先のハノイで中国の梁光烈国防相と会談し、日中の戦略的互恵関係を着実に進展させることなどで一致した。
The meeting was in line with an agreement to "hold high-level talks when appropriate," made when Prime Minister Naoto Kan met Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in Brussels on Oct. 4. With Monday's meeting, Japan-China relations seem to be gradually normalizing after being strained following collisions last month between a Chinese trawler and two Japan Coast Guard vessels in waters near the Senkaku Islands.
会談が実現したのは、今月４日の日中首脳会談で合意した「ハイレベル協議の適宜開催」に沿うものだ。尖閣諸島沖の中国漁船衝突事件で悪化した日中関係は一応、正常化しつつあると言える。
===
China still reluctant to engage
However, the meeting also revealed Beijing is still cautious toward Tokyo. In response to requests from China, the meeting was unofficial, and a scheduled port call to Qingdao, China, from Friday by a fleet of Maritime Self-Defense Force training ships likely will be postponed.
一方で、中国の慎重姿勢も目立った。中国側の要請で、会談は非公式な形式となった。１５日から予定されていた海上自衛隊練習艦による中国・青島寄港も、中国側の事情で延期される方向だ。
Liang reportedly told Kitazawa the naval exchange would be put off because China must carefully consider its citizens' feelings. But this claim sounds too one-sided and is difficult to understand.
梁国防相は、延期の理由について「中国国民の気持ちと態度を慎重に考慮する必要がある」と語ったが、あまりに一方的な主張であり、理解しがたい。
However, when Kitazawa requested the quick establishment of a maritime contact mechanism in the East China Sea, Liang reportedly agreed that tangible results needed to be produced soon.
北沢防衛相は会談で、「海上連絡メカニズム」の早期構築を呼びかけ、梁国防相は「早く成果を上げることが重要だ」と応じた。
The contact mechanism would facilitate emergency communication between defense chiefs and high-ranking officers to prevent minor collisions between Japanese and Chinese naval vessels from developing into serious situations. China established similar military hotlines with the United States and South Korea two years ago.
海上連絡メカニズムは、日中の防衛首脳や制服組幹部の緊急連絡体制を整備するものだ。艦船同士の些細(ささい)な接触が重大事態に発展するのを防ぐ狙いがある。中国は２年前、同様の軍事ホットラインを米国、韓国と設置している。
Although Japan and China have been planning such a system for more than 10 years, results have yet to materialize. But after the recent collisions off the Senkaku Islands and two incidents in which a Chinese Navy helicopter buzzed a MSDF destroyer this spring, establishment of a hotline is needed as quickly as possible.
この問題は１０年以上前から日中間の懸案だが、実現していない。今回の漁船衝突事件や、今春の中国海軍ヘリによる海自艦船への異常接近を踏まえれば、日中は早急に協議を進める必要がある。
===
Resolve needed to mend ties
There are still bones of contention between Japan and China, but the strategic, mutually beneficial relationship can only take shape if the two countries continue engaging in dialogue and making tangible achievements.
日中間には多くの意見の異なる問題が存在するが、対話を重ね、具体的な実績を上げてこそ、戦略的互恵関係は実態を伴う。
China's reluctance to promote bilateral defense exchanges, such as visits by high-ranking officers and port calls, is apparently motivated by a desire to keep its military situation hidden.
高官や艦船の相互訪問など一連の防衛交流に中国が慎重なのは、軍の実情が明らかになるのを避けたい思惑もあるのだろう。
However, enhanced military transparency by China will help reassure its neighbors, which see Beijing as a threat. We believe this also will benefit China itself.
しかし、軍事的な透明性の向上は、周辺国の中国警戒論の緩和にもつながる。それは中国自身の利益にも合致するはずだ。
While in Hanoi, Kitazawa met with U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates on Monday. The two defense chiefs reportedly agreed to continue to cooperate and consult closely to deal with China's intensifying naval activities in the East China Sea and other waters.
北沢防衛相はゲーツ米国防長官とも会談し、活発化している中国の海洋活動に関して日米が緊密に協議する方針を確認した。
On Tuesday, 10 ASEAN member states and eight other countries, including Japan, the United States and China, held the first meeting of their defense chiefs. The group adopted a joint declaration promoting multinational cooperation in maritime security and disaster rescue operations, among other areas.
翌１２日には、東南アジア諸国と日米中など計１８か国による初の国防相会議も開かれ、海上安全保障や災害救助などの多国間協力に関する共同宣言が採択された。
To steadily urge China to contribute to Asia's stability, we believe it is vital for Japan to increase cooperation with the United States and other concerned nations.
アジアの安定に向けて中国の協力を粘り強く促すためにも、日本は米国や関係国との連携を強化することが重要である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 13, 2010)
（2010年10月13日01時50分 読売新聞）
Continue dialogue with China to ensure security
海上安全保障 中国は協議に前向き対応を（10月13日付・読売社説）
The recent meeting between Japanese and Chinese defense chiefs marked a definite first step toward improving the soured relationship between Tokyo and Beijing, but the road ahead is not likely to be smooth.
日中関係の改善に向けての新たな一歩ではあるが、今後の道のりは平坦(へいたん)ではなかろう。
Defense Minister Toshimi Kitazawa and his Chinese counterpart Liang Guanglie agreed to steadily promote a strategic, mutually beneficial relationship between the two nations in Hanoi on Monday. Their conversation was held on the sidelines of a defense minister's meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus eight countries that include Japan and the United States.
北沢防衛相が訪問先のハノイで中国の梁光烈国防相と会談し、日中の戦略的互恵関係を着実に進展させることなどで一致した。
The meeting was in line with an agreement to "hold high-level talks when appropriate," made when Prime Minister Naoto Kan met Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in Brussels on Oct. 4. With Monday's meeting, Japan-China relations seem to be gradually normalizing after being strained following collisions last month between a Chinese trawler and two Japan Coast Guard vessels in waters near the Senkaku Islands.
会談が実現したのは、今月４日の日中首脳会談で合意した「ハイレベル協議の適宜開催」に沿うものだ。尖閣諸島沖の中国漁船衝突事件で悪化した日中関係は一応、正常化しつつあると言える。
===
China still reluctant to engage
However, the meeting also revealed Beijing is still cautious toward Tokyo. In response to requests from China, the meeting was unofficial, and a scheduled port call to Qingdao, China, from Friday by a fleet of Maritime Self-Defense Force training ships likely will be postponed.
一方で、中国の慎重姿勢も目立った。中国側の要請で、会談は非公式な形式となった。１５日から予定されていた海上自衛隊練習艦による中国・青島寄港も、中国側の事情で延期される方向だ。
Liang reportedly told Kitazawa the naval exchange would be put off because China must carefully consider its citizens' feelings. But this claim sounds too one-sided and is difficult to understand.
梁国防相は、延期の理由について「中国国民の気持ちと態度を慎重に考慮する必要がある」と語ったが、あまりに一方的な主張であり、理解しがたい。
However, when Kitazawa requested the quick establishment of a maritime contact mechanism in the East China Sea, Liang reportedly agreed that tangible results needed to be produced soon.
北沢防衛相は会談で、「海上連絡メカニズム」の早期構築を呼びかけ、梁国防相は「早く成果を上げることが重要だ」と応じた。
The contact mechanism would facilitate emergency communication between defense chiefs and high-ranking officers to prevent minor collisions between Japanese and Chinese naval vessels from developing into serious situations. China established similar military hotlines with the United States and South Korea two years ago.
海上連絡メカニズムは、日中の防衛首脳や制服組幹部の緊急連絡体制を整備するものだ。艦船同士の些細(ささい)な接触が重大事態に発展するのを防ぐ狙いがある。中国は２年前、同様の軍事ホットラインを米国、韓国と設置している。
Although Japan and China have been planning such a system for more than 10 years, results have yet to materialize. But after the recent collisions off the Senkaku Islands and two incidents in which a Chinese Navy helicopter buzzed a MSDF destroyer this spring, establishment of a hotline is needed as quickly as possible.
この問題は１０年以上前から日中間の懸案だが、実現していない。今回の漁船衝突事件や、今春の中国海軍ヘリによる海自艦船への異常接近を踏まえれば、日中は早急に協議を進める必要がある。
===
Resolve needed to mend ties
There are still bones of contention between Japan and China, but the strategic, mutually beneficial relationship can only take shape if the two countries continue engaging in dialogue and making tangible achievements.
日中間には多くの意見の異なる問題が存在するが、対話を重ね、具体的な実績を上げてこそ、戦略的互恵関係は実態を伴う。
China's reluctance to promote bilateral defense exchanges, such as visits by high-ranking officers and port calls, is apparently motivated by a desire to keep its military situation hidden.
高官や艦船の相互訪問など一連の防衛交流に中国が慎重なのは、軍の実情が明らかになるのを避けたい思惑もあるのだろう。
However, enhanced military transparency by China will help reassure its neighbors, which see Beijing as a threat. We believe this also will benefit China itself.
しかし、軍事的な透明性の向上は、周辺国の中国警戒論の緩和にもつながる。それは中国自身の利益にも合致するはずだ。
While in Hanoi, Kitazawa met with U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates on Monday. The two defense chiefs reportedly agreed to continue to cooperate and consult closely to deal with China's intensifying naval activities in the East China Sea and other waters.
北沢防衛相はゲーツ米国防長官とも会談し、活発化している中国の海洋活動に関して日米が緊密に協議する方針を確認した。
On Tuesday, 10 ASEAN member states and eight other countries, including Japan, the United States and China, held the first meeting of their defense chiefs. The group adopted a joint declaration promoting multinational cooperation in maritime security and disaster rescue operations, among other areas.
翌１２日には、東南アジア諸国と日米中など計１８か国による初の国防相会議も開かれ、海上安全保障や災害救助などの多国間協力に関する共同宣言が採択された。
To steadily urge China to contribute to Asia's stability, we believe it is vital for Japan to increase cooperation with the United States and other concerned nations.
アジアの安定に向けて中国の協力を粘り強く促すためにも、日本は米国や関係国との連携を強化することが重要である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 13, 2010)
（2010年10月13日01時50分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Oct. 13, 2010)
NHK reporter violated ethics code
捜索情報漏洩 報道倫理逸脱したＮＨＫ記者（10月11日付・読売社説）
The illegal gambling on professional baseball by dozens of sumo wrestlers and stablemasters has taken yet another twist--one that raises serious questions about the ethics of the press.
大相撲の野球賭博問題で、今度は報道側の倫理が厳しく問われる事態が明るみに出た。
A male reporter in his 30s, who then belonged to the sports section of NHK's News Department, allegedly sent an e-mail from his mobile phone in July to stablemaster Tokitsukaze, who was being investigated by the police over the gambling scandal. The reporter's e-mail allegedly tipped off Tokitsukaze, former makuuchi division wrestler Tokitsuumi, that the police would likely search sumo stables the following day.
ＮＨＫの報道局スポーツ部に所属する３０歳代の男性記者が７月、警視庁の捜査対象になっていた時津風親方（元幕内時津海）に、「あす警察が捜索に入るようだ」などとメールを送信していたというのだ。
If this allegation is true, the reporter has committed an abominable act that violates journalists' code of ethics. NHK reportedly has been flooded with protests and complaints from the public following these revelations.
記者倫理を逸脱した言語道断の行為である。ＮＨＫにも抗議や苦情が殺到しているという。
Several hours after the reporter sent the e-mail, the Metropolitan Police Department searched several sumo stables on suspicion of organizing illegal gambling for profit. The MPD discovered the reporter had leaked the information as they trawled through the contents of Tokitsukaze's mobile phone, which was confiscated as evidence during the search.
当時、警視庁は賭博開張図利容疑で複数の相撲部屋を一斉捜索しているが、結果的に記者のメール送信から数時間後だった。その際に押収した親方の携帯電話の解析から情報漏洩(ろうえい)が発覚した。
===
Standards thrown out
If the information leak by the reporter had resulted in evidence being destroyed, it could have seriously impeded the police investigation. The reporter's actions also might have violated certain laws.
仮に、この情報をもとに証拠隠滅などが行われていれば、どうだったろう。捜査に重大な支障が出た可能性があった。記者の行為が法に抵触する恐れもあった。
"Don't tell this to anybody else," the journalist's message reportedly said. "I'll get in huge trouble if you're found to have been tipped off by NHK." This suggests the reporter was fully aware that sending the e-mail was illicit.
メールには「他言無用。ＮＨＫに聞いたとばれたら大変なので」などと記されていた。許されない行為であるという認識は、記者にもあったはずだ。
Nonetheless, the reporter fired off the e-mail because he wanted to reestablish his relationship with Tokitsukaze, the reporter reportedly said during an internal NHK investigation.
それでも情報を送った理由として、記者は「メールをきっかけに、再び親方と関係作りをしたかった」と内部調査に答えている。
Objective reporting requires a journalist to keep some distance from the subject being covered. NHK reporters should observe this rule even more strictly than other sumo journalists because the broadcaster exclusively televises sumo tournaments live and enjoys special relations with the Japan Sumo Association.
客観的な報道をするためには、取材対象と一定の距離を置く必要がある。独占的に大相撲を中継し、相撲協会とも特殊な関係にあるＮＨＫならば、なおさらだ。
On the day before the reporter sent the e-mail, NHK made the painful decision not to broadcast the Nagoya Grand Sumo Tournament live--the first time a basho would not be aired live since NHK started televising the national sport decades ago. If the reporter tried to glean information by currying favor with a subject of NHK's coverage, we have to say the reporter has absolutely no ethical sense.
記者のメール送信の前日は、ＮＨＫが、テレビ中継始まって以来の名古屋場所の生中継中止という苦渋の決断をした日だ。その傍ら、取材対象に取り入ることで情報を得ようと記者が画策していたとしたらモラル欠如も甚だしい。
===
Lessons to be learned
An ironclad rule for journalism is that information gained through news gathering activities will not be used for anything but reporting purposes.
そもそも、取材活動で知り得た情報を報道目的以外に使わないというのは鉄則だ。
NHK has claimed the reporter heard about the impending police search from a newspaper reporter. Even if that is true, it does not justify leaking police information to a person subject to investigation.
ＮＨＫは、捜索情報は他紙の記者から得たもの、と強調するが、そうだとしても、捜査対象に漏らしていい理由にはなるまい。
In 2008, NHK found that three employees, including a director, had engaged in insider trading based on information distributed within the public broadcaster. Since then, NHK employees have been given in-house training such as workshops on broadcast ethics. However, these efforts have failed.
ＮＨＫでは２００８年、元ディレクターらによる局内情報をもとにしたインサイダー取引が発覚した。以後、放送倫理の勉強会を開くなど、社内教育を徹底してきたというが、生かされなかった。
Between 2004 and 2006, an increasing number of TV owners refused to pay NHK viewing fees following revelations of accounting irregularities at the broadcaster, including embezzlement of production money and fraudulent business trips by employees. We wonder if NHK has already forgotten just how difficult it is to regain viewers' trust.
０４～０６年には、制作費着服やカラ出張など不正経理が続発し、受信料の支払い拒否が相次いだ。視聴者の信頼回復がいかに困難か、よもやＮＨＫは忘れていまい。
The latest scandal should not be dismissed simply as the actions of a single reporter. The whole NHK organization should examine the latest episode seriously and announce steps to prevent a repeat of similar scandals.
記者個人の問題で終わらせてはならない。ＮＨＫは組織全体で今回の不祥事を検証し、改めて再発防止策を公表すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 11, 2010)
（2010年10月11日01時06分 読売新聞）
NHK reporter violated ethics code
捜索情報漏洩 報道倫理逸脱したＮＨＫ記者（10月11日付・読売社説）
The illegal gambling on professional baseball by dozens of sumo wrestlers and stablemasters has taken yet another twist--one that raises serious questions about the ethics of the press.
大相撲の野球賭博問題で、今度は報道側の倫理が厳しく問われる事態が明るみに出た。
A male reporter in his 30s, who then belonged to the sports section of NHK's News Department, allegedly sent an e-mail from his mobile phone in July to stablemaster Tokitsukaze, who was being investigated by the police over the gambling scandal. The reporter's e-mail allegedly tipped off Tokitsukaze, former makuuchi division wrestler Tokitsuumi, that the police would likely search sumo stables the following day.
ＮＨＫの報道局スポーツ部に所属する３０歳代の男性記者が７月、警視庁の捜査対象になっていた時津風親方（元幕内時津海）に、「あす警察が捜索に入るようだ」などとメールを送信していたというのだ。
If this allegation is true, the reporter has committed an abominable act that violates journalists' code of ethics. NHK reportedly has been flooded with protests and complaints from the public following these revelations.
記者倫理を逸脱した言語道断の行為である。ＮＨＫにも抗議や苦情が殺到しているという。
Several hours after the reporter sent the e-mail, the Metropolitan Police Department searched several sumo stables on suspicion of organizing illegal gambling for profit. The MPD discovered the reporter had leaked the information as they trawled through the contents of Tokitsukaze's mobile phone, which was confiscated as evidence during the search.
当時、警視庁は賭博開張図利容疑で複数の相撲部屋を一斉捜索しているが、結果的に記者のメール送信から数時間後だった。その際に押収した親方の携帯電話の解析から情報漏洩(ろうえい)が発覚した。
===
Standards thrown out
If the information leak by the reporter had resulted in evidence being destroyed, it could have seriously impeded the police investigation. The reporter's actions also might have violated certain laws.
仮に、この情報をもとに証拠隠滅などが行われていれば、どうだったろう。捜査に重大な支障が出た可能性があった。記者の行為が法に抵触する恐れもあった。
"Don't tell this to anybody else," the journalist's message reportedly said. "I'll get in huge trouble if you're found to have been tipped off by NHK." This suggests the reporter was fully aware that sending the e-mail was illicit.
メールには「他言無用。ＮＨＫに聞いたとばれたら大変なので」などと記されていた。許されない行為であるという認識は、記者にもあったはずだ。
Nonetheless, the reporter fired off the e-mail because he wanted to reestablish his relationship with Tokitsukaze, the reporter reportedly said during an internal NHK investigation.
それでも情報を送った理由として、記者は「メールをきっかけに、再び親方と関係作りをしたかった」と内部調査に答えている。
Objective reporting requires a journalist to keep some distance from the subject being covered. NHK reporters should observe this rule even more strictly than other sumo journalists because the broadcaster exclusively televises sumo tournaments live and enjoys special relations with the Japan Sumo Association.
客観的な報道をするためには、取材対象と一定の距離を置く必要がある。独占的に大相撲を中継し、相撲協会とも特殊な関係にあるＮＨＫならば、なおさらだ。
On the day before the reporter sent the e-mail, NHK made the painful decision not to broadcast the Nagoya Grand Sumo Tournament live--the first time a basho would not be aired live since NHK started televising the national sport decades ago. If the reporter tried to glean information by currying favor with a subject of NHK's coverage, we have to say the reporter has absolutely no ethical sense.
記者のメール送信の前日は、ＮＨＫが、テレビ中継始まって以来の名古屋場所の生中継中止という苦渋の決断をした日だ。その傍ら、取材対象に取り入ることで情報を得ようと記者が画策していたとしたらモラル欠如も甚だしい。
===
Lessons to be learned
An ironclad rule for journalism is that information gained through news gathering activities will not be used for anything but reporting purposes.
そもそも、取材活動で知り得た情報を報道目的以外に使わないというのは鉄則だ。
NHK has claimed the reporter heard about the impending police search from a newspaper reporter. Even if that is true, it does not justify leaking police information to a person subject to investigation.
ＮＨＫは、捜索情報は他紙の記者から得たもの、と強調するが、そうだとしても、捜査対象に漏らしていい理由にはなるまい。
In 2008, NHK found that three employees, including a director, had engaged in insider trading based on information distributed within the public broadcaster. Since then, NHK employees have been given in-house training such as workshops on broadcast ethics. However, these efforts have failed.
ＮＨＫでは２００８年、元ディレクターらによる局内情報をもとにしたインサイダー取引が発覚した。以後、放送倫理の勉強会を開くなど、社内教育を徹底してきたというが、生かされなかった。
Between 2004 and 2006, an increasing number of TV owners refused to pay NHK viewing fees following revelations of accounting irregularities at the broadcaster, including embezzlement of production money and fraudulent business trips by employees. We wonder if NHK has already forgotten just how difficult it is to regain viewers' trust.
０４～０６年には、制作費着服やカラ出張など不正経理が続発し、受信料の支払い拒否が相次いだ。視聴者の信頼回復がいかに困難か、よもやＮＨＫは忘れていまい。
The latest scandal should not be dismissed simply as the actions of a single reporter. The whole NHK organization should examine the latest episode seriously and announce steps to prevent a repeat of similar scandals.
記者個人の問題で終わらせてはならない。ＮＨＫは組織全体で今回の不祥事を検証し、改めて再発防止策を公表すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 11, 2010)
（2010年10月11日01時06分 読売新聞）
2010/10/11
--The Asahi Shimbun, Oct. 9
EDITORIAL: Nobel Peace Prize
平和賞―中国は背を向けるな
A strong message has been delivered to China's political leaders, who have shown little, if any, respect for democracy or human rights while their country has been accomplishing amazing economic growth.
驚異的な経済発展とは裏腹に、民主主義や人権を大切にしてこなかった中国の指導者に、痛烈なメッセージが突きつけられた。
The 2010 Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to Liu Xiaobo, a jailed Chinese writer and pro-democracy activist.
中国の民主活動家で作家の劉暁波氏に、ノーベル平和賞が授与されることになった。
Since he was involved in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, Liu has been consistently and passionately fighting for democracy in China. Liu has expressed his opinions in writing and spoken up without using violence or other radical means.
１９８９年の天安門民主化運動にかかわり、それ以来暴力など過激な手段を使わず、言論活動一筋に民主化を求めてきた人物だ。
The Norwegian Nobel Committee highly praised his peaceful struggle.
ノルウェーのノーベル賞委員会は、こうした活動を高く評価した。
At the end of 2008, the year of the Beijing Summer Olympics, Liu drafted "Charter 08," a manifesto calling for fundamental reforms for democracy that would ultimately end the Communist Party's monopoly on power. This and his criticism against the party and its leaders earned him an 11-year jail sentence for "inciting subversion of state power."
北京五輪のあった２００８年暮れ、劉氏は共産党独裁の廃止など根本的な民主化を訴える「０８憲章」を起草した。そのことと党や指導者に対する批判が、「国家政権転覆扇動罪」に問われて懲役１１年の判決を受けた。
Liu is now in prison in northeast Liaoning province.
今は東北部の遼寧省で獄中にある。
It is not clear whether Liu even knows yet that he won the Nobel Peace Prize. Many Chinese citizens probably are still unaware of the fact because of the media blackout imposed by the authorities.
劉氏が平和賞の知らせを聞くことができたかは定かでない。少なからぬ国民も、当局による報道規制のために知らずにいるかもしれない。
But the news will spread, sooner or later. And it will provide a big morale boost to other Chinese activists who have been struggling, along with Liu, to give their country democratic freedoms.
しかし早晩、授賞の知らせは中国で広がり、劉氏らとともに民主化につとめてきた人々への大きな励ましとなるだろう。
Beijing warned the Nobel committee that awarding the peace prize to a dissident like Liu would be regarded as an unfriendly act, according to the committee.
ノーベル賞委員会によれば、中国当局は「反体制派への授与は非友好的な行為と見なされる」と警告していたという。
If so, China again acted in a high-handed manner that apparently reflects the growing sentiment that it is now a major power fueled by its rapid economic growth and military buildup.
だとすれば、急成長する経済や軍事力の増強による「大国意識」を背景にした強権的な一面が、ここでも表れたといえる。
We applaud the Nobel committee for not giving in to pressure from China.
しかし、委員会は中国側の圧力に屈しなかった。高く評価したい。
The committee chastised the Chinese authorities for violating international conventions approving peaceful expressions of political beliefs to which Beijing is a party, as well as the country's own constitution, which guarantees freedom of speech and other human rights. It pointed out that China now must accept greater responsibility.
中国当局は、政治的信条の平和的な表現を認める、自らも署名した国際規約に反し、言論の自由などをうたった中国憲法にも反している。委員会はそう厳しく批判し、中国の責任の大きさを指摘した。
China's behavior concerning the collisions between a Chinese trawler and Japan Coast Guard patrol vessels near the Senkaku Islands and the actions it took against Vietnamese fishermen operating near disputed islands in the South China Sea have alarmed the international community and strengthened China's image as a country willing to ignore rules for the sake of its interests.
尖閣諸島沖の衝突事件や南シナ海での行動は、中国がルールに従わない国という警戒感を国際社会に与えた。
As economic interdependence among countries has grown, the international community has been inclined to overlook China's trampling on universal values.
経済の相互依存が強まるなかで、国際社会は中国による普遍的価値の侵害に目をつぶりがちだった。
The United States and Europe, which traditionally place great importance on human rights, have also been willing to turn a blind eye to Beijing's poor human rights record to keep relations with the rising economic power on friendly terms. China also faced no harsh criticism at the recent Asia-Europe Meeting in Brussels.
人権問題を重視してきた欧米諸国も、最近は中国との関係維持を優先させていた。先のアジア欧州会議（ＡＳＥＭ）首脳会合でも厳しい注文はつけなかった。
The Nobel committee's decision to award the prestigious honor to a Chinese dissident should be taken seriously as a warning, especially to industrial nations.
そうした風潮の中でのノーベル賞委員会の決定は、とりわけ先進国への警鐘として重く受けとめたい。
China's Foreign Ministry has criticized the committee's move, saying Liu violated Chinese law and his actions run counter to the spirit of the prize. The ministry also indicated that the decision would adversely affect ties with Norway.
中国外務省は「劉暁波は中国の法律を犯しており、その行為は平和賞の趣旨に背いている」と批判し、ノルウェーとの関係悪化も示唆した。
There are concerns about the possibility that Beijing may tighten its crackdown on democracy advocates and other activists in China.
民主活動家らへの国内での締め付けが厳しくなることも心配だ。
Taking a hard-line posture both at home and abroad, however, will not serve China's interests.
内外で強硬な姿勢をとることは、長い目で見て中国の利益にならないだろう。
Chinese leaders must realize now that their country will never be recognized as a legitimate world power unless they start respecting universal values.
経済発展を続けても、普遍的な価値を大切にしなければ真の大国として認められないことに、中国当局は早く気づかねばならない。
--The Asahi Shimbun, Oct. 9
EDITORIAL: Nobel Peace Prize
平和賞―中国は背を向けるな
A strong message has been delivered to China's political leaders, who have shown little, if any, respect for democracy or human rights while their country has been accomplishing amazing economic growth.
驚異的な経済発展とは裏腹に、民主主義や人権を大切にしてこなかった中国の指導者に、痛烈なメッセージが突きつけられた。
The 2010 Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to Liu Xiaobo, a jailed Chinese writer and pro-democracy activist.
中国の民主活動家で作家の劉暁波氏に、ノーベル平和賞が授与されることになった。
Since he was involved in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, Liu has been consistently and passionately fighting for democracy in China. Liu has expressed his opinions in writing and spoken up without using violence or other radical means.
１９８９年の天安門民主化運動にかかわり、それ以来暴力など過激な手段を使わず、言論活動一筋に民主化を求めてきた人物だ。
The Norwegian Nobel Committee highly praised his peaceful struggle.
ノルウェーのノーベル賞委員会は、こうした活動を高く評価した。
At the end of 2008, the year of the Beijing Summer Olympics, Liu drafted "Charter 08," a manifesto calling for fundamental reforms for democracy that would ultimately end the Communist Party's monopoly on power. This and his criticism against the party and its leaders earned him an 11-year jail sentence for "inciting subversion of state power."
北京五輪のあった２００８年暮れ、劉氏は共産党独裁の廃止など根本的な民主化を訴える「０８憲章」を起草した。そのことと党や指導者に対する批判が、「国家政権転覆扇動罪」に問われて懲役１１年の判決を受けた。
Liu is now in prison in northeast Liaoning province.
今は東北部の遼寧省で獄中にある。
It is not clear whether Liu even knows yet that he won the Nobel Peace Prize. Many Chinese citizens probably are still unaware of the fact because of the media blackout imposed by the authorities.
劉氏が平和賞の知らせを聞くことができたかは定かでない。少なからぬ国民も、当局による報道規制のために知らずにいるかもしれない。
But the news will spread, sooner or later. And it will provide a big morale boost to other Chinese activists who have been struggling, along with Liu, to give their country democratic freedoms.
しかし早晩、授賞の知らせは中国で広がり、劉氏らとともに民主化につとめてきた人々への大きな励ましとなるだろう。
Beijing warned the Nobel committee that awarding the peace prize to a dissident like Liu would be regarded as an unfriendly act, according to the committee.
ノーベル賞委員会によれば、中国当局は「反体制派への授与は非友好的な行為と見なされる」と警告していたという。
If so, China again acted in a high-handed manner that apparently reflects the growing sentiment that it is now a major power fueled by its rapid economic growth and military buildup.
だとすれば、急成長する経済や軍事力の増強による「大国意識」を背景にした強権的な一面が、ここでも表れたといえる。
We applaud the Nobel committee for not giving in to pressure from China.
しかし、委員会は中国側の圧力に屈しなかった。高く評価したい。
The committee chastised the Chinese authorities for violating international conventions approving peaceful expressions of political beliefs to which Beijing is a party, as well as the country's own constitution, which guarantees freedom of speech and other human rights. It pointed out that China now must accept greater responsibility.
中国当局は、政治的信条の平和的な表現を認める、自らも署名した国際規約に反し、言論の自由などをうたった中国憲法にも反している。委員会はそう厳しく批判し、中国の責任の大きさを指摘した。
China's behavior concerning the collisions between a Chinese trawler and Japan Coast Guard patrol vessels near the Senkaku Islands and the actions it took against Vietnamese fishermen operating near disputed islands in the South China Sea have alarmed the international community and strengthened China's image as a country willing to ignore rules for the sake of its interests.
尖閣諸島沖の衝突事件や南シナ海での行動は、中国がルールに従わない国という警戒感を国際社会に与えた。
As economic interdependence among countries has grown, the international community has been inclined to overlook China's trampling on universal values.
経済の相互依存が強まるなかで、国際社会は中国による普遍的価値の侵害に目をつぶりがちだった。
The United States and Europe, which traditionally place great importance on human rights, have also been willing to turn a blind eye to Beijing's poor human rights record to keep relations with the rising economic power on friendly terms. China also faced no harsh criticism at the recent Asia-Europe Meeting in Brussels.
人権問題を重視してきた欧米諸国も、最近は中国との関係維持を優先させていた。先のアジア欧州会議（ＡＳＥＭ）首脳会合でも厳しい注文はつけなかった。
The Nobel committee's decision to award the prestigious honor to a Chinese dissident should be taken seriously as a warning, especially to industrial nations.
そうした風潮の中でのノーベル賞委員会の決定は、とりわけ先進国への警鐘として重く受けとめたい。
China's Foreign Ministry has criticized the committee's move, saying Liu violated Chinese law and his actions run counter to the spirit of the prize. The ministry also indicated that the decision would adversely affect ties with Norway.
中国外務省は「劉暁波は中国の法律を犯しており、その行為は平和賞の趣旨に背いている」と批判し、ノルウェーとの関係悪化も示唆した。
There are concerns about the possibility that Beijing may tighten its crackdown on democracy advocates and other activists in China.
民主活動家らへの国内での締め付けが厳しくなることも心配だ。
Taking a hard-line posture both at home and abroad, however, will not serve China's interests.
内外で強硬な姿勢をとることは、長い目で見て中国の利益にならないだろう。
Chinese leaders must realize now that their country will never be recognized as a legitimate world power unless they start respecting universal values.
経済発展を続けても、普遍的な価値を大切にしなければ真の大国として認められないことに、中国当局は早く気づかねばならない。
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Oct. 11, 2010)
China must fully explain detention of Fujita 4
高橋さん解放 中国は事態の全容を説明せよ（10月10日付・読売社説）
China on Saturday released Sadamu Takahashi, the last of four Japanese employees of construction company Fujita Corp. detained last month.
中国当局に拘束された建設会社「フジタ」の社員４人のうち、１人残されていた高橋定さんが９日、解放された。
First and foremost, we rejoice at his safe release.
まずは、無事の解放を喜びたい。
However, Takahashi was freed after 20 days in custody; such a long detention represents flagrant contempt for human rights. Chinese authorities must explain in detail what led to Takahashi's release and the reasons for his detention.
しかし、２０日間に及ぶ長期拘束の末の解放はあまりに遅く、人権軽視も甚だしい。この間の経緯や拘束の理由について、中国当局は詳しく説明する責任がある。
The four were taken into custody Sept. 20 by state security authorities for allegedly illegally videotaping what China called "military targets" in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, while they were looking at potential construction sites for a plant to process chemical weapons left behind by the Japanese military during World War II.
４人は先月２０日、河北省石家荘市内にある遺棄化学兵器の処理事業の建設予定地を視察中、「軍事目標」を違法に撮影したとして国家安全局に拘束された。
Takahashi and the others were questioned while in the custody of security authorities at a hotel in the city. China freed all the employees except Takahashi on Sept. 30.
市内のホテルで監視下に置かれたまま取り調べを受けていたが、高橋さんを除く３人は３０日、「釈放」された。
===
Obvious retaliation
The three were released after explaining they were unaware they were in a military zone and entered accidentally. China must have realized from the beginning that their actions were not malicious. If so, why did China keep Takahashi in custody even after releasing the others?
３人は「軍事管理区域と気づかなかった。故意ではない」と中国当局に説明し、その上で解放されている。悪質性がなかったことは、中国側も当初から承知のはずである。ならば高橋さんだけ拘束が解けなかった理由は何なのか。
Although Beijing denies it, there is no doubt the arrest and detention of the captain of a Chinese fishing boat that collided with Japan Coast Guard vessels off the Senkaku Islands affected the case involving the Fujita employees.
中国側は関係を否定するが、尖閣諸島沖で起きた中国漁船の衝突事件で、中国人船長が逮捕、拘置された問題が影響していることは間違いない。
The four were detained the day after the Ishigaki Summary Court in Okinawa Prefecture authorized prosecutors to extend the captain's detention for 10 days. It is likely that China, which expected Japan to release the captain at the end of the first 10-day detention period, retaliated to prevent criticism from its people.
フジタ社員４人が拘束されたのは、中国人船長の１０日間の拘置延長が決まった翌日である。最初の拘置だけで釈放されることを期待していた中国政府が、国内世論が政府批判に向かわぬよう報復措置に出たと見ることもできる。
The three were released five days after the Naha District Public Prosecutors Office released the captain without further legal action against him for the time being. After that, China partially eased its restrictions on rare earths exports to Japan, which may have been an effort to present a softened stance on the issue before the image of China as a threat to global stability spread around the world.
一方、３人の解放は、那覇地検が船長を処分保留で釈放した５日後だった。以後中国は、レアアース（希土類）の対日輸出規制も一部緩和している。中国脅威論が世界に広がる前に、軟化姿勢を示そうという戦略だったのだろう。
Since then, the Japanese government came under growing public criticism over its handling of the captain's release. Calls also heightened for the release of video footage of one of the fishing boat collisions and for the Japanese government to take a tough approach toward China to realize the release of the detained Fujita employees.
その後、日本国内では船長の釈放をめぐって政府の対応を批判する声が強まった。衝突ビデオの公開や、フジタ社員拘束問題などでの中国側への強い働き掛けを求める機運も高まった。
The Chinese government may have been closely watching how the Japanese government would respond to these issues, using Takahashi as a diplomatic bargaining chip to pressure Tokyo.
これらの問題に日本政府がどう対処するか、中国政府は高橋さんを“圧力カード”に、監視の目を光らせていたのではないか。
===
Visitors must be wary
The prolonged detention of Japanese company employees indicates the possibility that so-called China risk will continue to exist in every area for the time being.
今回、日本企業社員が長期拘束された問題は、当面あらゆる分野で「中国リスク」が継続する可能性を示したと言えるだろう。
Employees of companies doing business in China and those doing business with Chinese companies should be very careful about their actions in that country. The same holds for people who visit China on cultural exchanges or as tourists.
中国進出企業や取引企業の社員は、現地での行動に十分注意すべきだ。文化交流や旅行などで中国に行った場合も同様だ。
We must keep in mind that China is a country where the government limits human rights, and there is always a possibility this will happen.
国家の思惑で人権が制約される。その可能性が残る国であることを肝に銘じる必要があろう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 10, 2010)
（2010年10月10日01時15分 読売新聞）
China must fully explain detention of Fujita 4
高橋さん解放 中国は事態の全容を説明せよ（10月10日付・読売社説）
China on Saturday released Sadamu Takahashi, the last of four Japanese employees of construction company Fujita Corp. detained last month.
中国当局に拘束された建設会社「フジタ」の社員４人のうち、１人残されていた高橋定さんが９日、解放された。
First and foremost, we rejoice at his safe release.
まずは、無事の解放を喜びたい。
However, Takahashi was freed after 20 days in custody; such a long detention represents flagrant contempt for human rights. Chinese authorities must explain in detail what led to Takahashi's release and the reasons for his detention.
しかし、２０日間に及ぶ長期拘束の末の解放はあまりに遅く、人権軽視も甚だしい。この間の経緯や拘束の理由について、中国当局は詳しく説明する責任がある。
The four were taken into custody Sept. 20 by state security authorities for allegedly illegally videotaping what China called "military targets" in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, while they were looking at potential construction sites for a plant to process chemical weapons left behind by the Japanese military during World War II.
４人は先月２０日、河北省石家荘市内にある遺棄化学兵器の処理事業の建設予定地を視察中、「軍事目標」を違法に撮影したとして国家安全局に拘束された。
Takahashi and the others were questioned while in the custody of security authorities at a hotel in the city. China freed all the employees except Takahashi on Sept. 30.
市内のホテルで監視下に置かれたまま取り調べを受けていたが、高橋さんを除く３人は３０日、「釈放」された。
===
Obvious retaliation
The three were released after explaining they were unaware they were in a military zone and entered accidentally. China must have realized from the beginning that their actions were not malicious. If so, why did China keep Takahashi in custody even after releasing the others?
３人は「軍事管理区域と気づかなかった。故意ではない」と中国当局に説明し、その上で解放されている。悪質性がなかったことは、中国側も当初から承知のはずである。ならば高橋さんだけ拘束が解けなかった理由は何なのか。
Although Beijing denies it, there is no doubt the arrest and detention of the captain of a Chinese fishing boat that collided with Japan Coast Guard vessels off the Senkaku Islands affected the case involving the Fujita employees.
中国側は関係を否定するが、尖閣諸島沖で起きた中国漁船の衝突事件で、中国人船長が逮捕、拘置された問題が影響していることは間違いない。
The four were detained the day after the Ishigaki Summary Court in Okinawa Prefecture authorized prosecutors to extend the captain's detention for 10 days. It is likely that China, which expected Japan to release the captain at the end of the first 10-day detention period, retaliated to prevent criticism from its people.
フジタ社員４人が拘束されたのは、中国人船長の１０日間の拘置延長が決まった翌日である。最初の拘置だけで釈放されることを期待していた中国政府が、国内世論が政府批判に向かわぬよう報復措置に出たと見ることもできる。
The three were released five days after the Naha District Public Prosecutors Office released the captain without further legal action against him for the time being. After that, China partially eased its restrictions on rare earths exports to Japan, which may have been an effort to present a softened stance on the issue before the image of China as a threat to global stability spread around the world.
一方、３人の解放は、那覇地検が船長を処分保留で釈放した５日後だった。以後中国は、レアアース（希土類）の対日輸出規制も一部緩和している。中国脅威論が世界に広がる前に、軟化姿勢を示そうという戦略だったのだろう。
Since then, the Japanese government came under growing public criticism over its handling of the captain's release. Calls also heightened for the release of video footage of one of the fishing boat collisions and for the Japanese government to take a tough approach toward China to realize the release of the detained Fujita employees.
その後、日本国内では船長の釈放をめぐって政府の対応を批判する声が強まった。衝突ビデオの公開や、フジタ社員拘束問題などでの中国側への強い働き掛けを求める機運も高まった。
The Chinese government may have been closely watching how the Japanese government would respond to these issues, using Takahashi as a diplomatic bargaining chip to pressure Tokyo.
これらの問題に日本政府がどう対処するか、中国政府は高橋さんを“圧力カード”に、監視の目を光らせていたのではないか。
===
Visitors must be wary
The prolonged detention of Japanese company employees indicates the possibility that so-called China risk will continue to exist in every area for the time being.
今回、日本企業社員が長期拘束された問題は、当面あらゆる分野で「中国リスク」が継続する可能性を示したと言えるだろう。
Employees of companies doing business in China and those doing business with Chinese companies should be very careful about their actions in that country. The same holds for people who visit China on cultural exchanges or as tourists.
中国進出企業や取引企業の社員は、現地での行動に十分注意すべきだ。文化交流や旅行などで中国に行った場合も同様だ。
We must keep in mind that China is a country where the government limits human rights, and there is always a possibility this will happen.
国家の思惑で人権が制約される。その可能性が残る国であることを肝に銘じる必要があろう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Oct. 10, 2010)
（2010年10月10日01時15分 読売新聞）
プロフィール
ＨＮ：
srachai
ＨＰ：
性別：
男性
職業：
civil engineer
趣味：
子育て
自己紹介：
妻はタイ人、娘ばかり３人も！
■近況
２００９年の９月１５日に脳梗塞を発症、右手が少し不自由になりました。
MRAで脳梗塞の部位を特定でき、素早い処置をとれたので大事に至りませんでした。
快復にむけてリハビリ中です。
(2011/01/01更新)
■自己紹介・リンク
[ はじめに ]
タイのスラチャイです。
英語学習に王道はありません。
毎日毎日の地道な努力の積み重ねが必要です。
スラチャイはＮＨＫのラジオ英語会話で現在の英語力を身につけました。
一日僅か１５分の学習でも数年間継続すれば相当な学習効果が期待できます。
[ 名前 ]
松井 清 （スラチャイ）
[ 略歴 ]
・福岡県出身
・国立高知大学卒業
・準大手建設会社に就職
・50歳で会社を早期退職
・99/10 タイ全土を旅行
・00/10 タイに移住
・03/07 カイちゃん誕生
・07/06 シーファーちゃん誕生
・現在タイ国コンケン在住
[ 座右の銘 ]
Slow and steady wins the race.
遅くとも着実な者が勝利する
（NHK基礎英語芹沢栄先生）
[ 学習の手引き ]
・音読して耳から英語を吸収
・Think in English.
・ネイティブ発音付辞書活用
・英英辞典を活用（英和も）
・翻訳和文で専門用語確認
[ English Newspapers ]
Yomiuri
Mainichi
Asahi
Japan Times
Washington Post
Newyork Times
Bangkok Post
The Nations
Phuket Gazette
[ 英字新聞の英和対訳学習 ]
英字新聞（読売）
英字新聞（毎日）
英字新聞（朝日）
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中国語会話基礎（北京語）
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スラチャイ編曲のmidiのギター曲
スラチャイ編曲のJ.S.Bachです
スラチャイの多国言語学習
初歩のタイ語
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初歩のシンハリ語
初歩のタガログ語
タイ語の基礎
タイ文字
タイ日辞書
タイ語の副詞
タイ語の前置詞
タイ語の助動詞
タイ語の接続詞
基礎タイ語
基礎タイ語一覧（タイ文字、ローマ字）
seesaaサイト内リンク一覧：
01 あいさつ
02 別れのあいさつ
03 声をかけるとき
04 感謝の言葉と答え方
05 謝罪の言葉と答え方
06 聞き直すとき
07 相手の言うことがわからないとき
08 うまく言えないとき
09 一般的なあいづち
10 よくわからないときの返事
11 強めのあいづち
12 自分について述べるとき
13 相手のことを尋ねるとき
14 頼みごとをするとき
15 申し出・依頼を断るとき
16 許可を求めるとき
17 説明してもらうとき
18 確認を求めるとき
19 状況を知りたいとき
20 値段の尋ね方と断り方
21 急いでもらいたいとき
22 待ってもらいたいとき
23 日時・場所・天候を尋ねるとき
24 その他
基礎タイ語一覧(タイ文字、音声付き）
サイト外HPリンク一覧：
01 あいさつ
02 別れのあいさつ
03 声をかけるとき
04 感謝の言葉と答え方
05 謝罪の言葉と答え方
06 聞き直すとき
07 相手の言うことがわからないとき
08 うまく言えないとき
09 一般的なあいづち
10 よくわからないときの返事
11 強めのあいづち
12 自分について述べるとき
13 相手のことを尋ねるとき
14 頼みごとをするとき
15 申し出・依頼を断るとき
16 許可を求めるとき
17 説明してもらうとき
18 確認を求めるとき
19 状況を知りたいとき
20 値段の尋ね方と断り方
21 急いでもらいたいとき
22 待ってもらいたいとき
23 日時・場所・天候を尋ねるとき
24 その他
タイの文化、１４の戒律
タイの文化一覧:
01 雨の日にも傘をささないタイ人
02 勉強熱心なタイ人女性たち
03 タイ人は敬謙な仏教徒
04 タイの市場
05 タイの食堂
06 タイ人は外食が大好き
07 果物王国タイランド
08 タイ人の誕生日
09 タイの電話代は高い
10 微笑みの国タイランド
1４の戒律（テラワーダ仏教戒律）
seesaaサイト内リンク一覧：
第０１番目の戒律
第０２番目の戒律
第０３番目の戒律
第０４番目の戒律
第０５番目の戒律
第０６番目の戒律
第０７番目の戒律
第０８番目の戒律
第０９番目の戒律
第１０番目の戒律
第１１番目の戒律
第１２番目の戒律
第１３番目の戒律
第１４番目の戒律
1４の戒律（テラワーダ仏教戒律）
サイト外HPリンク一覧：
１４の戒律解説
第０１番目の戒律
第０２番目の戒律
第０３番目の戒律
第０４番目の戒律
第０５番目の戒律
第０６番目の戒律
第０７番目の戒律
第０８番目の戒律
第０９番目の戒律
第１０番目の戒律
第１１番目の戒律
第１２番目の戒律
第１３番目の戒律
第１４番目の戒律