基礎タガログ語

Let's learn Tagalog (Philippines).
1 ako I 私
2 ikaw You あなた
3 Siya He/she 彼／彼女
4 Ako ay si Taro. I am Taro. 私は太郎です。
5 Hapones ako. I am a Japanese. 私は日本人です。
6 Anong pangalan mo? What is your name? あなたのお名前何ですか？
7 Ano po ang pangalan? What is your name? あなたのお名前何ですか？
8 Ikaw ba ay Pilipino? Are you a Filipino? あなたはフィリピン人ですか？
9 Mayroon ba silang ginawa? Have they done anything?
10 ba (question) ba makes an interrogative sentence. baは疑問文を作る
11 Ilang taon ka na? How old are you? おいくつですか？
12 Saan ka nakatira? Where do you live? どこに住んでいますか？
13 Saan kayo nakatira? Where do you live? どこに住んでいますか？
14 Anong trabaho mo? What is your work? お仕事は何ですか？
15 mo your, by you
16 Oo Yes はい
17 Hindi No いいえ
18 Hindi na ako pupunta sa simbahan. I won't go to the church any more. 私はもう教会にはいかないでしょう。
19 Salamat Thank you. ありがとう
20 Maraming salamat po. Thank you very much. 大変ありがとう。
21 Salamat sa kabutihan mo. Thank you for your kindness. ご親切ありがとう。
22 Maraming salamat Thank you. ありがとうございます
23 Walang anuman You're welcome どういたしまして
24 Walang pong anuman. You're welcom. / Not at all.
25 Excuse me. Excuse me. 失礼します
26 I'm sorry. I am sorry. ごめんなさい
27 Nice to meet you. It is glad to see you. お会いできて嬉しいです
28 Magandang umaga. Good morning おはよう
29 Magandang hapon. Good afternoon (good evening) こんにちは（こんばんは）
30 Magandang gabi. Good evening こんばんは
31 Paalam. Good-bye さようなら
32 kumusta ka? How are you? お元気ですか？
33 Mabuti naman. I'm fine. 元気です
34 Puwede bang magtanong? May I ask you? お聞きしてもよろしいですか？
35 puwede ～ It can be done. ～できる
36 bang Do you~? ～しませんか？
37 magtanong ask / enquire 質問する
38 Gusto mo bang kumain-tayo? Would you like to have dinner with me? 私と食事をしませんか？
39 Saan ang~ Where is ～? ～はどこですか？
40 Mayroon ba~ Is there ～? ～はありますか？
41 Meron ba~ Is there ～? ～はありますか？
42 gusto ko nang~ I want ～. ～が欲しい
43 gusto want want
44 puwede ba~ Is it possible to (do)~ ～はできますか？
45 Naintindihan ko na. I understand. / I see. 分かります。分かりました。
46 Hindi ko, naintindihan. I don't understand. 分かりません。
47 Sino? who 誰ですか？
48 Ano? what 何ですか？
49 Kailan? when いつですか？
50 Magkano? how much いくらですか？
51 Magkano ang iyong suweldo? How much is your salary? あなたのお給料はいくらですか？
52 iyong that, that one that, that one
53 suweldo salary salary
54 Ilan? How much is it? どのくらいですか？／少ない
55 Nasaan ba C.R.? Where is a rest room? トイレはどこですか？
56 nasaan where where
57 lalaki Man 男
58 babae Woman 女
59 Anong oras na? What time is it? 何時ですか？
60 oras Time 時間
61 Mainit It is hot. 暑いです。
62 Pagod I've got tired. 疲れました。
63 Gutom na ako. I've got hungry. お腹がすきました。
64 gutom Hunger 空腹
65 Busog na ako. I'm full. 満腹です。
66 busog I'm full. 満腹
67 Meron ba akong kuｗarto? Do you have vacancy (room)? 部屋はありますか？
68 Magkano ba ang room-rate? How much is a room rent? 部屋代はいくらですか？
69 mas mura kuｗarto. cheaper room もっと安い部屋
70 mas magandang kuｗarto. cleaner room もっときれいな部屋
71 mas more more
72 Puwedeng pumasok sa kuwarto ngayon? Can I enter the room right now? 今すぐ部屋にはいれますか？
73 puwedeng possible ～できる
74 pumasok enter 中に入る
75 ngyon now, nowadays 今、現在
76 Saan ang kuｗarto ko? Where is the room? 部屋はどこですか？
77 susi. Key 鍵
78 Puwede bang pakitago ang bagahe ko? Will you keep this baggage? この荷物を預かってもらえますか？
79 puwede Yes you may do. (permission) ～してもよい（許可）
80 bang Do (you)? Do (you)?
81 bagahe Baggage 荷物
82 Pakipalit ang salapi. Change money, please. 両替してください。
83 salapi Currency 通貨
84 pakipalit Change money. 両替する
85 Magkano ho ang halaga ng palitan. How much is the exchange rate? 交換レートはいくらですか？
86 Gusto kong magpabarya. Give me coins, too. 小銭もください。
87 Sa Cubao. To Cubao. クバオまで。
88 Sa tabi lang ho. Stop at the side of road. 端に寄せてください。
89 Papano ang papunta sa~? How can I get to ~? ～はどう行くのですか？
90 papuntang bound for～ bound for~
91 Saan bang bus papunta sa~? Where does the bus leave for~ ～へ行くバスはどこですか？
92 saan where where
93 bang Do (you)? Do (you)?
94 Anong bayan ito? What's the name of this town. この町は何と言いますか？
95 bayan small town, municipality small town, municipality
96 kainan Restaurant 食堂
97 pagkain food たべもの
98 Patingin ng menu. Show me menu. メニューを見せてください。
99 patingin check up check up
100 ng of, by of, by
101 Anong gusto mo? What do you want. 何がいいですか？
102 Meron bang beer? Do you have beer? ビールはありますか？
103 bang Do (you)? Do (you)?
104 Pakibigyan mo ako ng beer. Give me beer. ビールをください。
105 malamig na tubig. Cold water 冷たい水
106 malamig cold. 寒い、冷たい
107 tubig Water 水
108 Kumain na tayo. Let's eat. 食べましょう。
109 kumain eat 食べる
110 tayo site, situation site, situation
111 Kumain ako. I eat. 私は食べます。
112 masarap. It is delicious. おいしい。
113 hindi masarap. It isn't delicious. おいしくない。
114 Tapos na. It was finished. 終わった。
115 tapos ending, conclusion ending, conclusion
116 Hindi pa. Still. まだ。
117 bayad. Accounts. お勘定。
118 Ano ito? What is this? これは何ですか？
119 ano what what
120 ito this this
121 Magkano? How much is it? いくらですか？
122 magkano how much? how much?
123 Magkano bang isang kilo? How much for one kilo. １キロいくらですか？
124 isang ? ?
125 mahal. It is expensive. 高い。
126 mura. It is cheap. 安い。
127 May tawad ba. Give me a discount, please. 値引きしてください。
128 may there are (is), am, is there are (is), am, is
129 May malalang problema ba siya? He has a serious problem 彼は深刻な問題をかかえていますか？
130 malalang serious 深刻な
131 problema problem 問題
132 tawad discount discount
133 Huwag na. I don't take it. やめとく。
134 huwag do not do not
135 Alin bang mas mura? Don't you have a cheper one? どれかもっと安いのはありませんか？
136 alin which which
137 bang Do (you)? Do (you)?
138 mas more more
139 mura cheap, inexpensive cheap, inexpensive
140 Han bang kailangan? How much do you want? どれだけ欲しいのですか？
141 han how much? how much?
142 bang Do (you)? Do (you)?
143 kailangan demand demand
144 mabigat. heavy 重い。
145 magaan. light 軽い。
146 maganda. beautiful/pretty/beautiful/good きれいな／美しい／麗しい／よい
147 isa 1 1
148 dalawa 2 2
149 tatlo 3 3
150 apat 4 4
151 lima 5 5
152 anim 6 6
153 pito 7 7
154 walo 8 8
155 siyam 9 9
156 sampu 10 10
157 labing-isa 11 11
158 labing-dalawa 12 12
159 labing-tatlo 13 13
160 dalawam-pu 20 20
161 Linggo Sunday 日曜日
162 Lunes Monday 月曜日
163 Martes Tuesday 火曜日
164 Miyerkoles Wednesday 水曜日
165 Huwebes Thursday 木曜日
166 Biyernes Friday 金曜日
167 Sabado Saturday 土曜日
168 Enero January １月
169 Pebrero February ２月
170 Marso March ３月
171 Abril April ４月
172 Mayo May ５月
173 Hunyo June ６月
174 Hulyo July ７月
175 Agosto August ８月
176 Septyembre September ９月
177 Oktubre October １０月
178 Nobyembre November １１月
179 Disyembre December １２月
180 Ngayon Today 今日
181 Bukas Tomorrow あした
182 Kahapon Yesterday きのう
183 Kanina short time (while) ago. さっき
184 Mamaya later あとで
185 araw day 日
186 araw araw every day 毎日
187 lolo grandfather おじいちゃん
188 lola grandmother おばあちゃん
189 tatay Father おとうさん
190 nanay Mother おかあさん
191 anak Child こども
192 bakla homosexual ホモセクシャル
193 pinto Door ドア
194 isara mo ang pinto close the door. ドアを閉める
195 isara close/shut shut
196 mesa table テーブル
197 sigarilyo Cigarette たばこ
198 diyaryo Newspaper 新聞
199 gamot Medicine 薬
200 Aray It is painful. 痛い
201 masakit painful, sore painful, sore
202 Maraming salamat Thank you very much. Thank you very much.
203 Maraming salamat po. Thank you very much. (polite) Thank you very much. (polite)
204 Kaunti A little bit. 少し
205 Gusto ko I like it. (my favorite) 好き （私のお気に入り）
206 Ayaw ko I dislike it. きらい
207 Mabuhay welcome/banzai/toast/cheers ようこそ／万歳／乾杯
208 Pakiikot Turn it around. 回してください。
209 Para Stop here. 停めてください。
210 dito na lang. Here is the destination. ここです。
211 na lang the only ～, (only) たったの～だけ (only)
212 Pakihintay dito. Wait here please. ここで待っていてください。
213 hintayin wait wait
214 Dito. here ここ。
215 Diyan. there あそこ。
216 Doon. over there むこう。
217 Sa loob. inside 中に。
218 Sa labas. outside 外に。
219 Sa kanan. on the right hand side 右に。
220 Sa kaliwa. on the left hand side 左に。
221 kape Coffee コーヒー
222 gatas Milk ミルク
223 asukal Sugar 砂糖
224 mainit na tubig Hot water お湯
225 isda Fish 魚
226 gulay Vegetables 野菜
227 hipon Lobster 海老
228 baka Cattle 牛
229 baboy Pig 豚
230 manok chicken チキン
231 Kanina Rice ごはん
232 saging Banana バナナ
233 pinya Pineapple パイナップル
234 mangga mango マンゴー
235 pakwan watermelon すいか
236 Isa pa. Give me one more. もうひとつ下さい。
237 kutsara Spoon スプーン
238 atsara The pickles of papaya パパイヤの漬物
239 bote Bottle/feeding bottle ボトル／哺乳瓶
240 baso Glass グラス
241 Gusto mo pa? Do you want to have more? もっと欲しいですか？

初歩のシンハリ語

初歩のシンハリ語学習サイト

どの国の言葉でもそうですが、すぐ話すためにはまず疑問詞を覚えることが早道のような気がします。英語の比較的通じやすいスリランカですが、シンハリ語の少しでも話せると、随分と違ったコミュニケーションの形となるようです。
It may be quickest way to learn interrogatives first to speak out any foreign languages.
English also can be used in Sri Lanka widely in the country but it might be better to speak out in Sinhala (Singhalese language) for better communication. I'll show you some of Sinhalese interrogatives.

スリランカには３年以上滞在しましたが、当時はよくシンハリ語をしゃべっていました。
ビジネスは英語、プライベートはシンハリ語と使い分けていました。
シンハリ文字は今基礎データ収拾中です。
どのフォントを使うべきか検討しています。
スリランカ滞在時時にメモしておいたシンハリ語疑問詞のリストを以下に表示します。

シンハリ語の疑問詞

(SINHALA) (ENGLESHI)
1 ki-yad-da (stress on ki) // how many (quantity)
2 ki-yad-da o-ne? // How many do you need?
3 o-ne // want
4 ti-kat ki-yad-da? // How many tickets?
5 ka-ma-re ki-yad-da? // How many rooms?
6 ka-ma-re // room
7 mo-kad-da // what (singular)
8 me-ka mo-kad-da? // What is this?
9 me-ka // this
10 oya-ge na-ma mo-kad-da? // What is your name?
11 oya // you
12 oya-ge // your
13 na-ma // name
14 mo-kad-da ki-wa? (stress on ki) // What did you say?
15 ki-wa // said (past tense)
16 kiyanne // say (present tense)
17 mo-na-wa-da // what (plural)
18 me-wa mo-na-wa-da? (stress on me) // What are these?
19 me-wa // these
20 mo-na-wa-da o-ne? // What do you want?
21 o-ne // want
22 mo-na-wa-da bon-ne? // What will you drink?
23 bon-na // drink
24 ki-ya-ta-da (stress on ki) // when (time of day)
25 te ki-ya-ta-da?(stress on te & ki) // When(What time) is tea (time)?
26 bas e-ka ki-ya-ta-da? // When(What time) is the bus
27 enna // come (present tense)
28 ki-ya-ta-da yan-ne? // When(What time) are you going?
29 yanna // go
30 ka-wad-da // when (day of week,month)
31 ka-wad-da yan-ne? // When are you going?
32 ka-wad-da a-we? // When did you come?
33 enna // come (present tense)
34 a-wa // came (past tense)
35 ka-wad-da pe-ra-he-ra? // When is Perahera?

Note:
Difference between "ki-ya-ta-da yan-ne?" and "ka-wad-da yan-ne?" is
simply differense of range of time which they are asking.
I couldn't understand the difference of the above for a long time.

Note:
キャンディーのペラヘラって何？（英文のみです、当時現地で作成したものです）
What is Perahera?
It's a kind of religious festival based on Buddhism which is carried out
in Kandy,central part of the island.
It's held in August for around 10 days and lasts to the day of the full
moon day in August every year.
It's fantastic , numbers of decorated and illuminated elephants are
walking around Kandy city centre , carrying that world famous Buddha
tooth, and that world famous Kandian Dancers are also dancing and
walking around the city together with the Sri Lankan traditional
musical instrument groupe including drums banging some strange,
fantastic, exotic, noisy and strong music, which consist strong and
tough men groupe and beautiful and exotic women groupe, dancing and
walking around in a long queue.
It's one of the most important and sacred festival for Buddist in Sri
Lanka.

シンハリ語の文字は複雑です。
サイトに登場するまでにもう少し時間がかかりそうです。

続きを読む（シンハリ語基礎会話集）

シンハリ語基礎会話集

Sinhala Basic words
(Sinhalese) // (English)
1 Mama // I
2 Ohu // He
3 Aya // She
4 Oya // You
5 Uu // It
6 Meka // This
7 Eake // That
8 K // A
9 Enna // Come
10 Awa // Came
11 Ei // Will come
12 Arinna // Open
13 Ariya // Opened
14 Ari // Will open
15 Edaganda // Sit
16 Edagatha // Sat
17 Edagani // Will sit
18 Awidinawa // Walk
19 Awidda // Walked
20 Awidii // Will walk
21 Kanna // Eat
22 Kawa // Ate
23 Kai // Will eat
24 Bonawa // Drink
25 Biwwa // Drank
26 Boi // Will drink
27 Dnuma // Win
28 Dinna // Won
29 Dinai // Will win
30 Yanna // Go
31 Giya // Went
32 Yai // Will go
33 Duwanawa // Run
34 Diwwa // Ran
35 Duwai // Will run
36 Mama Yanawa // I go
37 Ohu Giya // He goes
38 Ohu Apple Kawa // He eats an apple
39 Ohu Apple Kanawa // He is eating an apple
40 Ohu Apple Kawa // He ate an apple
41 Mama giya sathiye film ekak baluwa // I saw the film last week
42 Aya eye awe bus eke // She came by bus yesterday
43 Egollo pansal giya // They went to the temple
44 Egollo Palliyata Giya // They went to the church
45 Egollo Palliye endala awa // They came from the mosque
46 Ohu mulu rama nidi // He slept the whole night
47 Ohu vibagayata hodin liwa // He wrote well in the examination
48 Ohu kai // He has eaten
49 Ohu kawa // He had eaten
50 Ohu giya // He had gone
51 Ohu awa // He had come
52 Ohu kai // He will eat
53 Ohu yai // He will go
54 Ohu ai // He will come
55 Oyage nama mokakda ? // What is your name?
56 Mokakda // What
57 Oyage // Your
58 Nama // Name
59 Oya Monada karanne ? // What did you do?
60 Mama monada kiyane ? // What should I do?
61 Mama Mona Karandada ? // What can I do?
62 Manada Prasna ? // What are the questions?
63 Monawada thibuna pashna ? // What were the questions?
64 Awasana prashnaya mokakda ? // What is the last question?
65 Lipiye monada thibune ? // What is written in the letter?
66 Oya monawada Kiwwe ? // What you had been told?
67 Pilithura mokak weida ? // What will be the answer?
68 Ai oya awe ? // Why did you come?
69 Ai oya nidiyane ? // Why did you sleep?
70 Ai ohuta yana kiwwe ? // Why did you tell him to go?
71 Ai ohu bag ekak genawe ? // Why did he bring the bag?
72 ai aya Sali gewane ? // Why did she pay the money?
73 Ai aya ehe indagathe ? // Why did they sit there?
74 Ai oya car eka ellawwe ? // Why do you drive the car?
75 Ai egollo rasveemata parakku ? // Why are they late for the meeting?
76 Oya kohomada awe ? // How did you come?
77 Oya kohomada nidagathe ? // How did you sleep?
78 Oya kohomada ellawe ? // How did you drive?
79 Oya kohomada liwe ? // How did you write?
80 Oyage athe apple kiyak thiyanawada ? // How many apples are there in your hand?
81 Oya kiyak gathada ? // How many did you take?
82 Ohu obata kopamana salli gewwada ? // How much money did he pay you?
83 Kochara durak yanda thiyanawada ? // How much distance to go?
84 Koi pareda oya awe ? // Which way did you come?
85 Obe kamathima pata kumakda ? // Which is your favourite colour?
86 Oya koi kamarayeda nida gathe ? // In which room did you sleep?
87 Koi kathawada oya kiwe ? // Which story did you tell?
88 Mokakda rasama palathura ? // Which is the sweetest fruit?
89 Hindiyen ahi hodama patharaya mokakda ? // Which is the best newspaper in Hindi?
90 Oya kohenda awe ? // Where did you come from?
91 Oya koheda nidagathe ? // Where did you sleep?
92 Kalamanakaruge kamaraya mokakda? // Where is the manager’s cabin?
93 Mama kohetada yanda Oni ? // Where should I go?
94 Kawada mama hambenda oni ? // Whom should I contact?
95 Eka Pothakda ? // Is it a book?
96 Eka Pothak // It is a book
97 Ekada pilithura ? // Is it the answer?
98 Ekai Pilithura // It is the answer
99 Oya mageth ekka enawada ? // Will you come with me?
100 Mama obath samaga endada ? // I shall come with you.
101 Oya mata pana denawada ? // Will you give me your pen?
102 Ow. Aniwarayenma // Yes, of course.
103 Oya mata adareida ? // Do you love me?
104 Ow. Mama adarei // Yes, I love you.
105 Oya mata oyage pana denawada ? // Can you give me your pen?
106 Oyata puluwanda pettiya geniyanda ? // Can you lift the box?
107 Oyata puluwanda vibagaya liyanda ? // Can you write the exam?
108 Mata monawahari bondadenda puluwanda ? // Can you give me something to drink?
109 Mata kawruhari panak denawada liyanda ? // Can anybody give me a pen to write?
110 Oya dawal kama kawada ? // Did you have your lunch?
111 Oyata kohomada ? // How are you?
112 Mama hondin // I am fine
113 Wibagayata passe oya mage kamarayata enna. // You come to my room after the exam.

雅子さま関連質問

(Mainichi Japan) September 12, 2008
A widening gap between the Imperial Family and the public
記者の目：雅子さま関連質問に配慮求める医師団

On Jan. 24 in this column I wrote that "the failure of the Imperial Household Agency to comment on Crown Princess Masako makes it responsible" for the bashing by some media outlets of the Crown Princess, who is currently undergoing treatment for an adjustment disorder.
私は１月２４日のこの欄で、適応障害による療養を続ける皇太子妃雅子さまへの一部メディアによるバッシングについて「展望を語らない宮内庁に責任がある」と書いた。

The Imperial Household Agency still has not held a press conference with the doctor in charge of the Crown Princess's treatment. Instead, at the end of July the Imperial Household Agency issued a statement by the medical team responsible for the Crown Prince and his family that asked for "consideration" regarding what was being asked. This request was prompted by questions asked by the press corps covering the Imperial Household during two separate press conferences held before the Crown Prince's solo overseas tours, questions on the process that led to the decision for Princess Masako not to accompany the Crown Prince.
宮内庁は、今も主治医の会見を開いていない。それどころか、今年２度あった皇太子さま単独での外国訪問前の記者会見で、雅子さま同行断念の経過などを宮内記者会が尋ねたところ、質問内容への配慮を求める東宮職医師団の見解を７月末に発表した。

The Imperial Household Agency's response to these questions could be seen as an overreaction. If nothing changes, I feel that the gap will widen between the public and the Crown Prince and Princess, and by extension the entire Imperial Family.
過剰ともいえる反応だ。このままでは、皇太子ご夫妻、ひいては皇室と国民との距離が広がっていくのではないかと感じている。

The medical team had problems with the questions asked at the Crown Prince's press conferences that were held before his visits to Brazil in June and Spain in July. The fact that Princess Masako was not to accompany the Crown Prince led the press corps to ask questions about the process leading to this decision, the emotional state of the Crown Prince and Princess, and future predictions regarding Crown Princess Masako's overseas visits.
医師団が問題としたのは、皇太子さまが６月にブラジル、７月にスペインを訪問するのに合わせ、それぞれ事前にあった皇太子さまの記者会見での質問だ。雅子さまが同行しないことから、記者会は同行断念の経過やご夫妻の気持ち、さらには今後の雅子さまの海外訪問の見通しなどについて尋ねた。

The Crown Prince responded at a press conference preceding his Brazil visit, "Based on the comprehensive assessment of all these conditions and following consultation with her doctors, I have decided to visit the country alone." He followed up at a press conference ahead of his Spain visit, "overseas visits need to be considered with caution, in terms of travel distances, lengths of the visits, events scheduled during the stays, and other matters." I think that the Crown Prince gave sincere consideration to these questions and provided answers that honestly revealed his feelings.
皇太子さまは「お医者さまともご相談の上、総合的に判断して、私一人で訪問することにいたしました」（ブラジル訪問前の会見）、「外国訪問については移動距離、訪問期間、訪問中の行事などの観点から、慎重な判断をする必要があります」（スペイン訪問前の会見）などと答えた。いずれも、質問を真摯（しんし）に受け止め、胸の内を率直に語ってくれたと思っている。

Even so, Grand Master Issei Nomura, head of the Imperial Household Agency's Board of the Crown Prince's Household (the entity responsible for the care of the Crown Prince and his family), issued a statement from the Board's medical team on July 25. They complained that reporters' questions "not only undermine the efforts of the Crown Princess but also could give her the impression that she is being criticized for not working hard enough," and that "there must be a complete halt to the encouragement of someone who is doing their best to continue treatment because this encouragement only creates added psychological pressures." According to the Imperial Household Agency, reporters' questions, which were nothing more than "encouragement," could not only delay Princess Masako's recovery, but may make her condition worse.
ところが、皇太子ご一家をお世話する宮内庁東宮職のトップである野村一成・東宮大夫は７月２５日に、東宮職医師団の見解を発表した。「妃殿下のご努力に水を差すだけではなく、努力が足りないと批判している印象を与えかねない」「治療を受け頑張っている人に対する励ましは、精神的に追い詰めることになるので絶対に避けるべきだ」などとし、記者会の質問は「励まし」にほかならず、雅子さまの回復を遅らせるだけでなく、病状を悪化させる可能性があると危惧（きぐ）している、とする内容だ。

Press conferences with the Crown Prince are held only a few times a year: on the Crown Prince's birthday and for events such as overseas visits. The press corps provides its questions in advance to the Imperial Household Agency, with both parties then communicating to revise the questions. The problematic questions from the two press conferences were also provided in advance following a thorough press corps evaluation of the content. I don't understand how the same Imperial Household Agency that had approved these questions would then issue a "medical team opinion" following the press conferences asking for consideration regarding questions.
皇太子さまの記者会見は、誕生日のほか、外国訪問があった場合などに開かれるだけで、年に数回に限られる。質問は、事前に記者会から宮内庁側に提出され、双方の間で文言などの調整がはかられる。問題になった２回の会見での質問も、記者会で内容を詰めたうえで事前に提出したものだ。宮内庁側もその質問を受け入れていただけに、会見後に質問に配慮を求める「医師団の見解」が出てきたのは理解に苦しむ。

It is true that similar questions regarding Princess Masako not traveling with the Crown Prince were repeatedly asked. But it is natural that at a press conference held only a few times a year the reporter in charge would ask questions about the condition of Princess Masako, an issue the public is certainly interested in. Furthermore, I think it is impossible for these questions to "undermine" the efforts of Princess Masako. I do not think they serve as "encouragement." Psychiatrist Rika Kayama offers the following evaluation: "It is unlikely that the questions will negatively impact her symptoms. I think they are trying to say that 'encouragement' is, in essence, 'pressure.' This is a complete overreaction."
雅子さまが同行しなかったことに対する同様の質問が繰り返されたのは確かだが、１年に数えるほどしかない会見で、国民の大きな関心事である雅子さまのことを聞くのは、担当記者として当然だ。さらに、質問が、雅子さまの努力に「水を差す」とは思えないし、何より「励まし」というものではないと思う。精神科医の香山リカさんも「質問が病状にマイナスになるとは考えにくい。『励まし』というのも本来、『プレッシャー』と言いたいところなのでは。必要以上の過剰反応だ」とみる。

I think the medical team's opinion stems from how worried they are about Princess Masako. Unfortunately, it seems this approach will lead to the Crown Prince and Princess being further obscured from the public. As I said in January, the recent increase in criticism and doubts regarding the Crown Prince and Princess, coming mainly from weekly magazines, has a lot to do with the Imperial Household Agency's failure to make Princess Masako's current condition known. The opinion of the medical team is an attempt to squash public interest on items such as Princess Masako's state of recovery. This could add momentum to criticism of the Imperial Family.
医師団の見解は、雅子さまのことを案ずるあまりのことと思うが、残念ながら、かえって国民からご夫妻の姿を見えにくくすることにつながるように感じる。１月にも指摘したが、最近増えている週刊誌などを中心としたご夫妻への批判や疑問は、雅子さまの実情を明らかにしない宮内庁の姿勢と無縁ではない。質問に配慮を求める医師団の見解は、雅子さまの回復状況など国民の関心事項を排除する方向に働きかけるものだ。バッシングに拍車をかけることにつながりかねない。

Dr. Kayama had the following to say regarding Princess Masako's treatment: "The chief physician should not remain passive. I think that it is now time to provide advice such as 'Please do this' or 'You should avoid doing that' to Princess Masako." However, the recent medical team opinion demonstrates that this is not the way treatment is being provided.
雅子さまの治療について、香山さんは「主治医も、受け身になるだけではなく、雅子さまに『これはやってください』『これはやらないほうがいい』などとアドバイスした方がいい時期に来ているのではと思う」と語る。しかし、今回の見解は、治療がそういう形で行われていないことも示すものだ。

Starting last year, the Imperial Household Agency opened a portion of the Fukiage Gardens on the Imperial Palace grounds to the public, hosting nature observation groups for the general population. The opening of the Fukiage Gardens is a result of the desire of the Emperor and Empress to "share with the public" the nature of the gardens. There are many people who are very moved by the kind gesture on the part of Their Imperial Highnesses and the Imperial Family when they visit locations throughout Japan. When traveling with Their Highnesses as a reporter I strongly feel that the sentiment "with the people" is the basis for their actions.
宮内庁は昨年から、皇居・吹上御苑の一部を開放し、一般の人を対象に「自然観察会」を開いている。吹上御苑の自然を「国民とともに分かち合いたい」という天皇、皇后両陛下の意向を受けたものだ。また、全国各地を訪問した際に集まった人たちに丁寧に応対する両陛下、皇族方の姿に胸を打たれる人は多い。同行取材では、そこに両陛下の「国民とともに」との気持ちが根底にあることを強く感じる。

I wonder if these kinds of efforts by Their Imperial Highnesses and the Imperial Family will ultimately be "undermined" by the recent medical team opinion and the actions of the Imperial Household Agency?
今回の東宮職医師団の見解や宮内庁の対応は、こうした両陛下と皇族方の努力に、それこそ「水を差す」ものになりはしないだろうかと考える。

("As I See It" by Mitsuyuki Manabe, Mainichi Shimbun)
毎日新聞　2008年9月9日　0時13分

自民党総裁選

(Sep. 12, 2008) The Yomiuri Shimbun
LDP candidates need in-depth policy debates
自民党総裁選　深みある政策論争が聞きたい（9月12日付・読売社説）

The Liberal Democratic Party's presidential race went into full swing as candidates gave their policy addresses before party members and began hitting the streets for joint public speeches. What is needed from them during the campaign is in-depth policy debates.
自民党総裁選は、各候補による所見発表や街頭演説会が始まり、論戦が本格化してきた。期待されるのは、深みのある政策論争である。

Having five candidates with different personalities contesting the race is not a bad thing per se; the race is attracting great public attention. But it also is true that with five candidates running, there are so many points of contention that it is difficult to figure out each candidates' policy lines.
５人の候補が立候補した結果、様々な個性がぶつかり、国民の耳目を集めているのは、悪いことではない。反面、政策の論点が拡散しがちで、対立軸が見えにくくなっているのも事実だ。

The LDP is holding the election by putting off convening an extraordinary Diet session, during which a supplementary budget and a number of other important policy issues are to be tackled. The selection of the nation's top leader must not be a mere display of political pomp. Each candidate bears a responsibility to engage in high-quality debates that can be understood by the general public.
総裁選は、補正予算など重要課題が山積する臨時国会の召集を遅らせて実施している。日本の最高指導者選びを、単なる政治ショーにしてはなるまい。各候補には、質の高い論戦を、国民に分かりやすい形で展開する責任がある。

===

Economic issues pressing

The economy is a major focal point of debate.
論争の焦点は経済政策だ。

All five candidates vowed that the portion of government funds used to finance the basic pension program would be raised to one half from the next fiscal year. Regarding the revenue sources of 2.3 trillion yen necessary for the measure, Taro Aso, LDP secretary general, referred to the use of surplus reserves in the special accounts budget. But this likely would serve as a mere stopgap measure.
来年度から基礎年金の国庫負担割合を２分の１に引き上げる問題では、５人全員が実施を明言した。２・３兆円の財源について、麻生幹事長は特別会計の余剰金の活用に言及したが、それは一時しのぎの策にすぎない。

Kaoru Yosano, state minister in charge of economic and fiscal policy, underlined that only the consumption tax can work as a stable revenue source. He even offered targets, saying the tax rate, currently 5 percent, would need to be raised by 2 to 3 percentage points within three years and to 10 percent by 2015 if possible.
与謝野経済財政相は「安定財源は消費税だけ」と強調したうえ、「３年以内に２、３％上げる。できれば２０１５年までに１０％の水準をお願いしなければならない」と具体的な上げ幅も提示した。

As for the government's goal to achieve a surplus in the primary balance in fiscal 2011, all four candidates other than Aso said the target should be met. Aso indicated the possibility of postponing the target, saying the government should flexibly handle the matter while sticking to the policy course of fiscal reconstruction.
１１年度の基礎的財政収支（プライマリーバランス）の黒字化目標について、麻生氏以外の４人は「堅持」で足並みをそろえた。麻生氏は「財政再建路線を守りつつ、弾力的に対応」するとして、目標先送りに含みを残した。

Aso places priority on measures to boost the economy for the time being. Yosano, meanwhile, emphasizes fiscal reconstruction.
麻生氏が当面の景気対策を優先するのに対し、与謝野氏は財政再建を重視する。

Yuriko Koike, a former defense minister, argued that the structural reform policies of the administration of former Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi should be continued and developed. Nobuteru Ishihara, former chairman of the LDP Policy Research Council, and Shigeru Ishiba, a former defense minister, both call for a partial adjustment to Koizumi's policy course.
小池百合子・元防衛相は小泉構造改革路線の継承・発展を訴え、石原伸晃・元政調会長と石破茂・前防衛相は、小泉路線の一定の修正を唱えている。

===

Commitment to leadership

All the candidates need to make their cases by arguing from their respective viewpoints.
各候補は、それぞれの立場から論議を掘り下げてほしい。

Aso reportedly is leading in votes among party lawmakers. According to an ad hoc Yomiuri Shimbun survey, nearly 50 percent of respondents cited Aso when asked who among the five candidates would be most suitable as LDP president. Ishihara was ranked second in the survey, but Aso leaves all of the other four candidates far behind.
議員票で優勢が伝えられる麻生氏は、５人の中で総裁に「最もふさわしい」人を聞いた読売新聞の緊急世論調査で、５割近くの支持を集め、２位の石原氏らを大きく引き離している。

We cannot help but feel that the policy pledges announced so far by Aso and the four others lack steam, as if all of them are trying not to commit themselves. Are they thinking about the challenges that could arise after taking up the prime minister's post?
麻生氏が発表した公約は全体として、言質を取られないよう、無難にまとめた感が否めない。新首相に就任した後のことを考えているのだろうか。

If Aso is trying to be defensive, it means debates will not be heated.
だが、麻生氏が守りに入るようでは、論戦は盛り上がらない。

The LDP presidential race will be followed by a yet-undeclared House of Representatives election, in which the LDP must fight against the Democratic Party of Japan over key policy issues. Using policy debates argued in the LDP election, each of the candidates needs to make up his or her mind and work hard to update the party's manifesto with the lower house election in mind.
総裁選後は、次期衆院選での民主党との本格的な“政策競争”が控えている。総裁選の論争を通じて、自民党の政権公約（マニフェスト）を充実させる。その覚悟と努力が各候補に求められる。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 12, 2008)
（2008年9月12日01時47分 読売新聞）

死刑執行

(Mainichi Japan) September 11, 2008
Japan executes 3 death row inmates under new justice minister's orders
死刑：３人執行　保岡法相の命令は８月の就任以降初

Three people on death row were executed Thursday, the Ministry of Justice announced, marking the first executions in Japan in about three months.
法務省は１１日、３人の死刑を執行したと発表した。

The executed inmates were identified as Yoshiyuki Mantani, 68, Mineteru Yamamoto, 68, and Isamu Hirano, 61. It was the first time for executions to be carried out under the orders of Justice Minister Okiharu Yasuoka since he assumed his post in August.
執行されたのは▽萬谷義幸（６８）＝大阪拘置所収容▽山本峰照（６８）＝同▽平野勇（６１）＝東京拘置所収容－－の各死刑囚。死刑執行は６月１７日以来３カ月ぶりで、保岡興治法相の命令は８月の就任以降で初めて。

Executions in Japan were halted for a period of about 3 years, 4 months up until March 1993, as no execution orders were issued by justice ministers during the period. Since executions resumed, 73 inmates have been put to death. There are now 102 confirmed inmates on death row.
死刑執行は法相の命令が出なかった約３年４カ月の中断後、９３年３月に再開された。再開後に執行された死刑囚は計７３人になった。また、確定死刑囚は１０２人になった。

Mantani was convicted of committing four crimes including stabbing a 19-year-old woman to death in a robbery attempt, and assaulting an 18-year-old woman with a steel pipe, between April 1987 and September that year. He had earlier been handed a life sentence for robbery and murder, and was on parole at the time.
確定判決などによると、萬谷死刑囚は強盗殺人罪の無期懲役刑で受刑し８７年に仮出所後４～９カ月の間に、大阪市内で女性（当時１９歳）を強盗目的で刺殺、女性（当時１８歳）を鉄パイプで殴るなど４件の事件を起こした。

Yamamoto was convicted of stabbing to death his 68-year-old cousin and his 75-year-old wife in Kobe in 2004, and stealing money.
山本死刑囚は０４年、神戸市でいとこの男性（当時６８歳）と妻（当時７５歳）を刺殺し現金などを奪った。

Hirano was handed the death penalty for breaking into the home of the operator of a farm where he was living and working in 1994, and killing the 72-year-old operator and his 68-year-old wife. He was also convicted of stealing cash and other items, and burning the home down.
平野死刑囚は９４年、以前に住み込みで働いていた栃木県市貝町の牧場経営者（当時７２歳）宅に侵入し、経営者と妻（当時６８歳）を殺害。現金などを奪い経営者宅に放火して全焼させた。

The execution of Hirano was carried out 23 months after his death penalty was confirmed. It is rare for a death penalty to be served within two years of the conviction becoming fixed. Yamamoto's death sentence was the first handed down under a system initiated to speed up trials, and only three hearings were heard before the case was brought to a close.
平野死刑囚は死刑確定から１年１１カ月での執行となった。２年未満での執行は異例だ。山本死刑囚は、期日間整理手続きが採用された公判で初の死刑判決を受けた。公判は３回の短期で結審した。

Yasuoka also served as Minister of Justice under the second Mori Cabinet between July 2000 and December that year, during which time he ordered the execution of three people on death row. Under former Justice Minister Kunio Hatoyama, death row inmates were executed on four occasions -- about once every two months. The timing of the latest executions means they are continuing at a similar pace.
保岡法相は００年７～１２月の第２次森内閣でも法相を務め、３人の死刑執行を命令した。鳩山邦夫前法相下では４回の執行がほぼ２カ月おきに行われたが、今回もそれに近いペースが維持された。

Appearing in a news conference on Thursday morning, Yasuoka said, "I screened the cases carefully and strictly, and carried out (the decision) firmly as the person responsible for protecting law and order. The decision wasn't timed."
保岡法相は１１日午前、法務省で会見し「慎重厳正に審査し、法秩序を守る責任者として毅然（きぜん）と行った。時期を選んだわけではない」と説明。

Commenting on why he announced the executions at a new conference, following in the footsteps of the previous justice minister, Yasuoka said, "The citizen judge system which will be applied in serious crimes is set to begin. There is significance in publicly releasing as much information as possible."
前法相に続き執行を会見で発表したことについては「重大事件を対象とする裁判員制度も始まる。可能な範囲で公開することは意義があると思う」と述べた。

（毎日新聞　2008年9月11日　11時17分（最終更新　9月11日　13時00分）

自民党総裁選告示

(Sep. 11, 2008) The Yomiuri Shimbun
Great vision should be shown by candidates
自民総裁選告示　大きな「構想力」が問われる（9月11日付・読売社説）

Will the Liberal Democratic Party's upcoming presidential election give the party a chance to ride out its biggest crisis since its founding?
On Wednesday, the LDP election campaign officially kicked off.
「結党以来の危機」を脱する契機になるのか。自民党総裁選が１０日、告示された。

Five LDP members--former party Policy Research Council Chairman Nobuteru Ishihara; former Defense Minister Yuriko Koike; party Secretary General Taro Aso; former Defense Minister Shigeru Ishiba; and Kaoru Yosano, state minister in charge of economic and fiscal policy--registered as candidates for the party presidency.
石原伸晃・元政調会長、小池百合子・元防衛相、麻生太郎幹事長、石破茂・前防衛相、与謝野馨経済財政相の５氏が立候補を届け出た。

Only Aso leads a party faction. Koike is the first female presidential candidate in LDP history. Key factors to determine the outcome of the presidential race are whether a candidate can get the cross-factional support of LDP lawmakers and how many votes he or she can win from rank-and-file party members around the country.
麻生氏を除く候補は、派閥の領袖(りょうしゅう)ではない。小池氏は女性として初の出馬だ。各派の議員個々の横断的な支持と、党員票の争奪が勝敗のカギを握る。

As circumstances stand now, Aso, a party veteran who has run in four presidential races, is said to have the advantage in securing votes from party lawmakers. Aso is expected to be the front-runner in the 12-day race.
現時点では、立候補４回目の麻生氏が議員票固めで優位に立っており、選挙戦は麻生氏を軸に展開される見通しだ。

Meanwhile, the LDP is facing an unprecedented challenge.
自民党は現在、過去に例をみないような挑戦を受けている。

===

Prelude to a general election

The result of the House of Councillors election last summer saw the Democratic Party of Japan replace the LDP as the largest force in the upper house.
昨夏の参院選で自民党は、民主党に第１党の座を奪われた。

On Monday, Ichiro Ozawa was reelected uncontested for a third term as DPJ president. Ozawa vowed his party would win a majority of single-seat constituencies at the next House of Representatives election, stressing that he is determined to end the LDP-led government.
先に３選された小沢民主党代表は、次期衆院選の小選挙区選で「何としても過半数を獲得する」と表明、「自民党中心の政権に終止符を打つ」と強調した。

Aso defines this presidential race as an election to choose the LDP leader who can best take on Ozawa. The LDP presidential election is shaping up to be a kind of prelude to the next lower house election said to be on the horizon.
麻生氏は、今回の総裁選について、小沢代表を相手に「戦う人」を選ぶ選挙と位置づけている。総裁選は、近づく衆院選の前哨戦の色合いを深めつつある。

Promises and statements made by the five candidates during the presidential contest will be reflected in campaign pledges the LDP will compile before the lower house election.
５氏の公約や討論の内容は、自民党の衆院選の政権公約に反映されることになろう。

This means that all the candidates must bear responsibility for their remarks. But they do not need to hesitate to express clearly what they want to accomplish.
各候補とも発言に責任を負わねばならない。といっても臆(おく)することはない。「何を実現したいのか」を明確に語るべきである。

Though economic policy is said to be a major campaign issue, other issues also need to be touched upon. Pressing issues facing this nation include an extension of the refueling mission by the Maritime Self-Defense Force vessels in the Indian Ocean, termination of North Korea's nuclear development program and a resolution to its abduction of Japanese.
経済政策が争点とされるが、それにとどまってはなるまい。インド洋での海上自衛隊による給油活動の延長、北朝鮮の核廃棄や拉致問題の解決などは焦眉(しょうび)の急だ。

===

Post-Koizumi reform

Even if the LDP triumphs in the next lower house election, the so-called divided Diet situation, under which the upper house remains under DPJ control, would still exist. What can be done to restore Diet functions? This also is a question for the LDP presidential election.
衆院選で自民党が勝利しても、衆参ねじれ状況は解消しない。国会機能を回復させるためにどうすべきか。それも問われる。

For a while, the LDP succeeded in preventing voters from turning away from the party thanks to former Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's populist political style and the public's expectations of his structural reforms. However, this cannot last forever.
自民党は、小泉元首相によるポピュリズム（大衆迎合）型政治手法と、小泉構造改革への期待感から“自民離れ”を食い止めた時期があった。だが、これが、いつまでも通用するものではない。

LDP presidential candidates used the word "reform" many times during their joint press conference Wednesday afternoon. However, they failed to give details of their post-Koizumi policies.
共同記者会見で、各候補は「改革」という言葉を多用した。しかし、「小泉後」の政策は十分に見えてこなかった。

How can a sustainable and reliable social security system be constructed under the fiscal crisis? How can Japan establish its presence as the world becomes more multipolar, as indicated by the rapid emergence of China and India as new powers?
財政危機の下で、安心できる社会保障制度をどう構築していくのか。中国、インドが台頭するなど、多極化する世界の中で、日本はどう地歩を固めるのか。

The LDP presidential candidates must face those issues squarely before engaging in full-fledged discussions. Their abilities to devise solutions will be an important indicator of who is qualified to be LDP president, and prime minister of Japan.
本格論戦に臨む総裁候補には、これらのテーマに正対してもらいたい。そこでみせる「構想力」が、首相の座にたえられるかどうかの重要な指標になるだろう。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 11, 2008)
（2008年9月11日01時58分 読売新聞）

自民党総裁選

(Mainichi Japan) September 10, 2008
Record five politicians file candidacies in LDP presidential race
自民総裁選：史上最多５人が立候補届け出

A record five politicians filed their candidacies in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) presidential election whose campaign kicked off on Wednesday.
The five are LDP Secretary-General Taro Aso, 67, former LDP Policy Research Council Chairman Nobuteru Ishihara, 51, former Defense Minister Shigeru Ishiba, 51, former Defense Minister Yuriko Koike, 56, and State Minister for Economic and Fiscal Policy Kaoru Yosano, 70. Koike is the first woman to run for LDP president.
They will compete to replace Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda who announced his intention to resign earlier this month.
Aso is viewed as the most promising candidate as he is steadily gaining support from a large number of LDP politicians regardless of their factional affiliations as well as from rank-and-file party members.
福田康夫首相の退陣表明に伴う自民党総裁選が１０日午前、告示された。立候補したのは、届け出順に山崎派の石原伸晃元政調会長（５１）、町村派の小池百合子元防衛相（５６）、麻生派の麻生太郎幹事長（６７）、津島派の石破茂前防衛相（５１）、無派閥の与謝野馨経済財政担当相（７０）。総裁選は史上最多の５人の立候補者で争われることになった。多くの派閥は自主投票を決めているが、派閥横断的に麻生氏への支持が広がっており、地方票も含め麻生氏が優位に立っている。

Former Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Minister Yasufumi Tanahashi told a news conference Wednesday that he has given up running in the race because he failed to secure support from 20 LDP legislators, a prerequisite for running in the party's leadership race.
津島派の棚橋泰文元科学技術担当相（４５）は１０日午前、自民党本部で記者会見し、「世代交代のために立候補を目指したが、推薦人が集まらなかった」と述べ、出馬を断念する考えを表明した。

Aso remained low-key about his prospects of winning the race. "You don't know who will win an election unless you fight to the end." In his campaign, Aso will pledge to place top priority on economic stimulus measures in the face of rising oil and food prices.
(麻生氏は次期総裁選で選出される可能性について控えめに話した。選挙は終わってみるまでどうなるかわからない。麻生氏は高騰する原油で打撃を受けている経済を立て直す対策に最重点目標を定めた。 by srachai)

Ishihara promised to support those in the primary industry hit hard by oil prices.
（石原氏は高騰する原油価格により打撃を受けた日本の企業を援助すると公約した。 by srachai）

石原氏は１０日昼、東京都内のホテルで開かれた出陣式で「国民が欲している政治と、私たちが行っていることにズレができた。それを正したい」と決意を語った。(この部分は日本語版のみ、英文にはみあたらない by srachai)

Ishiba said he is attaching importance to policies that help regional communities that are adversely affected by the economic slump.
（石破氏は不況で窮地に追いやられている地方自治体をたてなおすことを最重点課題とすると話した。 by srachai）

Koike said in a speech in front of JR Ikebukuro Station in Tokyo on Wednesday morning that she will streamline the government and drastically reduce the number of Diet members if elected.
総裁選で初の女性候補となった小池氏はＪＲ池袋駅東口で街頭演説し、「政府の無駄を排する。国会議員定数を大胆に減らし、実質上の１院制にする」と改革推進を訴えた。

Yosano said he will boldly discuss policy issues even though he had remained low-key until Tuesday, adding that he will appeal to the public with his economic and fiscal policy.
与謝野氏は党本部での選対会議で「昨日まではやや紳士的に発言してきたが、今日からはパンチの利いた話をさせてもらう」とあいさつし、経済財政政策を中心とした論戦に意欲をみせた。

Of the eight LDP intraparty factions, four have decided to leave it to the discretion of their members for whom they will vote for.
党内８派閥のうち津島、古賀、山崎、高村の４派は自主投票を決定済み。

(この部分の英訳なし by srachai)
最大派閥の町村派は１０、１１の両日、総会を開き最終的な対応を決めるが、同派の森喜朗元首相と安倍晋三前首相は、麻生氏支持を表明している。麻生派と伊吹派、二階派は麻生氏を支持する。
５候補は１０日午後、自民党本部で共同記者会見に臨み、１１日から全国１７カ所で街頭演説を行う。２２日に両院議員総会で投開票される。
【中田卓二】

◇石原氏「胸を借りるつもり」
昔からの仲間と新しい仲間が、苦しい中で集まってくれた。いよいよ始まるな、という気持ちだ。胸を借りるつもりで挑戦者として頑張りたい。これからも波があると思うが、仲間に支えられてここまで来た。

◇小池氏「構造改革を進める」
今日こそ自民党が生まれ変わる日だ。私が総裁候補になることが、その動かぬ証拠だ。私には永田町のＤＮＡも、しがらみもない。皆さんの将来に対する責任を持っている。永田町の構造改革を進めなければならない。

◇麻生氏「最後まで分からぬ」
いろいろな意見を得て、幅広い政策論議ができるのは、自民党の政策を広く訴える良い機会だ。選挙は最後までやってみなければ分からないものだ、ということは、何回も選挙をやった方々ならみな言うと思う。

◇石破氏「堂々と真実訴える」
奇策があるわけではない。政治は感動だ。人の心を揺さぶらなければ政治ではない。思うところを包み隠さずに正々堂々と、真実を訴える。同志の議員からもらった（赤色の）必勝ネクタイを締めて戦いたい。

◇与謝野氏「タイトル戦の心境」
今日から選挙なので堂々と自分の主張を述べたい。議員の多くの方から頑張れと激励を受けており、勇気百倍で信念を訴えたい。（得意の囲碁に例えると）タイトル戦で会場に向かう途中、という感じだ。

毎日新聞　2008年9月10日　11時26分（最終更新　9月10日　16時23分）

インド核協力

(Sep. 10, 2008) The Yomiuri Shimbun
A waiver that shakes NPT to its core
インド核協力　ＮＰＴを揺るがす「例外扱い」（9月10日付・読売社説）

The 45-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group, including Japan, has unanimously adopted a waiver of a ban on exports of nuclear fuel and technology to India. This is a one-off move that will allow civilian nuclear trade with India--a nation that has developed nuclear weapons without becoming a member of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty.
日本など４５か国で構成する原子力供給国グループ（ＮＳＧ）が、インドについて、核燃料、原子力技術などの輸出規制の「例外扱い」とすることを全会一致で承認した。
インドは、核拡散防止条約（ＮＰＴ）に加盟せずに、核兵器を開発した国である。

The approval of the waiver essentially means that member nations of the group have shut their eyes to India's nuclear possession and lifted restrictions on nuclear cooperation with India for peaceful purposes. This is, for all intents and purposes, their recognition of India as a nuclear power.
今回の承認は、その核保有を不問に付したまま、民生用の原子力協力への制限を解除するものだ。実質的にインドを核保有国と認めたに等しい。

This decision flew in the face of the NPT's principal objective to halt the number of nuclear powers. We find the NSG's decision extremely disconcerting.
核保有国拡大を阻止するＮＰＴの理念を覆す決定だ。極めて問題だと言わざるを得ない。

NSG nations are obligated to comply with the guidelines stipulating export conditions for nuclear equipment and materials and nuclear technology and to strictly supervise their exports of such materials. Because India is outside the framework of the NPT and has not abandoned its nuclear weapons, NSG member nations naturally had not been able to export nuclear-related material to that country.
ＮＳＧ参加国は、原子力資機材や技術などの輸出条件を定めたガイドライン（指針）に従い、厳密な輸出管理をしている。ＮＰＴの枠外にいて核兵器保有も断念していないインドは、当然ながら、輸出対象外の国だった。

===

U.S. flexes its muscles

However, India was granted an exception from the NSG guideline due to some arm-twisting by the U.S. government, which wants its bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement with India to take effect sooner rather than later. The only hurdle now remaining before the U.S.-India deal can take force is ratification by the U.S. Congress.
そのインドを、ＮＳＧ指針の「例外扱い」としたのは、インドとの原子力協力協定の発効を急ぐ米国政府が強く働きかけた結果だ。これで、米印協定の発効には、米議会の承認が残るだけになった。

At the NSG general meeting in August, the United States demanded India be given an unconditional waiver. However, New Zealand, Switzerland and other counties had demanded several conditions be attached to the India agreement, including a clause stipulating an automatic cessation of the waiver if India conducted any more nuclear tests.
８月のＮＳＧ総会では、無条件での「例外扱い」を求める米国に対し、慎重派のスイスやニュージーランドなどは、核実験を再開すれば例外扱いは中止、などの条件をつけるよう主張していた。

At the latest meeting, which was held to discuss the matter from scratch, the United States remained unbending in its opposition to a conditional approval of the waiver. Nations initially circumspect about the waiver eventually opted to go along with its proponents. Some observers have suggested that these countries changed their tune after weighing up the potential gains likely to flow from a cooperative relationship with India, which has been recording sizzling economic growth in recent years.
仕切り直しで開かれた今回も、米国は条件つき承認に反対する姿勢を変えなかった。慎重派は押し切られた形だ。各国とも、経済成長が著しいインドとの協力関係を重視した結果だろう。

Attaching no conditions to the agreement on the waiver leaves several troubling loose ends.
だが、何らの条件もつけなかったことは将来に禍根を残した。

===

A promise of sorts

In the NSG agreement, India made a commitment to maintain its unilateral moratorium on nuclear testing voluntarily.
ＮＳＧ合意には、インドの「核実験モラトリアム（自発的凍結）継続」の公約が盛り込まれた。

Despite this, India, which has not even signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, claims it has the right to conduct nuclear tests. This leaves open the worrying possibility that India might lift this moratorium depending on moves by China or Pakistan.
だが、核実験全面禁止条約（ＣＴＢＴ）に署名もしていないインドは、核実験をする権利はある、としている。パキスタンや中国の動き次第で凍結を解除する可能性は排除できない。

Japan's stance is that the exceptional treatment should be invalidated or rescinded if India resumes tests of its nuclear weapons.
日本は、インドが核実験を再開すれば、「例外扱いの措置は失効、停止すべきだ」との立場だ。

However, we have doubts over whether the NSG would be able to agree to suspend the trade of nuclear fuel and technology once it starts, because such a decision on a trade ban must, in principle, be made by a unanimous vote.
だが、原子力ビジネスがいったん始まれば、全会一致が原則のＮＳＧで取引停止の合意ができるのか。極めて疑問だ。

India has concluded an inspection agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency--the U.N. nuclear watchdog--concerning civilian-use nuclear facilities. However, facilities for military use have been left untouched and the country has been pressing ahead with its nuclear development. As long as India's nuclear development continues largely unhindered, there is little likelihood that North Korea and Iran will give up their nuclear ambitions.
インドは、民生用の原子力施設については国際原子力機関（ＩＡＥＡ）と査察協定を結んだが、軍事利用は野放しで、核兵器開発は続いている。何の歯止めもかけられない現状で、北朝鮮やイランが核を断念するはずもあるまい。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 10, 2008)
（2008年9月10日01時48分 読売新聞）

角界の閉鎖体質

(Mainichi Japan) September 9, 2008
Kitanoumi's resignation can be blamed on closed nature of sumo association
クローズアップ２００８：北の湖理事長辞任　「物言い」拒む角界

Kitanoumi, 55, remained entrenched as chairman of the Japan Sumo Association (JSA) by brushing aside public criticism on several occasions, but he was finally toppled when one of his charges became embroiled in a marijuana scandal -- stepping down without actually trying to address the series of scandals which have plagued his tenure. His resignation can be blamed on the closed nature of the JSA, which discourages dissent against the chairman; and an irresponsible attitude that leaves wrestlers' education entirely to the discretion of individual stables.
◇閉鎖的体質、機能不全
世論の批判をよそに日本相撲協会のトップに居座り続けた北の湖理事長（５５）が、自らの弟子も絡んだ「大麻疑惑」で、ついにその座から滑り落ちた。外国出身関取が３割を占める角界の国際化の中、不祥事が相次ぎながら、有効な改善策を示せないままの辞任だった。背景には、理事長に自由に物が言えない協会の「閉鎖性」と、力士の教育を各部屋に丸投げした「無責任さ」が浮き上がってくる。【上鵜瀬浄】

The new chairman, Musashigawa, formerly occupied the No. 2 spot at the JSA. Why couldn't he stop the self-righteous behavior of Kitanoumi?
北の湖理事長からトップの座を引き継ぐ武蔵川新理事長は、これまでも協会ナンバー２の存在だった。なぜ、理事長の「独善」を止められなかったのか。

There is a logic unique to the sumo world that explains why JSA officials never held Kitanoumi accountable. Kitanoumi and Musashigawa both belong to the Dewanoumi group of stables, and since backing Kitanoumi as chairman, Musashigawa, due to the unwritten law of loyalty to members of his own group, was never going to rebel, despite being Kitanoumi's senior.
その背景には、角界独特の論理がある。北の湖理事長と武蔵川新理事長は、同じ出羽海一門（系列）で、いったん北の湖親方を理事長に立てた以上、たとえ年長者であっても「反逆」はしない。これが角界の「不文律」だ。

Furthermore, since the chairman of the JSA controls personnel appointments, those directors who may have spoken critically outside the confines of the JSA were unable to speak out at board meetings, and resolutions always passed unanimously.
そのうえ、理事長は人事権を一手に握っている。外で批判めいた話をする理事も、いざ理事会の席に入ると、何も発言できず、「全会一致」の形で議決されるのが常だった。

The closed nature of the sumo world and the absence of a leader willing to confront the association fostered a situation that allowed the chairman to shy away from change throughout his tenure.
こうした閉鎖的な角界の体質と、面と向かっていさめるブレーンの不在が、改革に一切着手しないままの理事長退陣につながった。

The JSA failed to take the initiative in responding to the scandals, and tried to treat everything as a "matter between master and apprentice."
一連の不祥事では、協会としてのイニシアチブを取らず、すべて「師匠と弟子の問題」で片づけようとした。

At the incident at the Nagoya Tournament in 2006 in which Roho assaulted two cameramen, and was glared by at his opponent, Chiyotaikai, Roho impudently asked his stablemaster Otake whether he wasn't angry that he had been challenged to a fight. Chairman Kitanoumi saw this exchange but did not reprimand Roho.
０６年名古屋場所の露鵬によるカメラマン殴打事件では、取組後に相手力士の千代大海ににらみつけられたことについて、露鵬が「けんかを売られたら、悔しくないんですか」と大嶽親方に反抗的な態度を取った。理事長もその席にいたが、とがめなかった。

Last year, Asashoryu was triggered a scandal by playing soccer while absent from a tournament due to injury. There were calls for his ouster, but he was given a two-tournament suspension instead. Furthermore, the controversy festered after the matter was left in the hands of stablemaster Takasago, and a month went by before punishment was meted out.
昨年の朝青龍のサッカー騒動では、そのわがままぶりに協会内で解雇を求める声も強かったが、２場所出場停止処分にした。さらに、高砂親方に対応を丸投げ状態にして騒ぎを大きくし、処分決定までに１カ月を要した。

And then came the hazing death of a wrestler in the Tokitsukaze stable. At first, the JSA asserted that "legal authorities had determined that the death was caused by illness" and left it at that -- only to receive unusual "guidance" from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The response of the chairman and JSA to the string of scandals was all too shabby.
そして、時津風部屋の力士暴行死事件。当初は「病死と司法が判断した」として、何ら手を打たず、ついには文部科学省から、財団法人としては異例の「指導」を受けた。相次いだ不祥事への理事長と協会の対応は、あまりにもお粗末だった。

Kitanoumi remembers all the matches he has ever fought. When he is asked to be a sumo analyst, his analysis is right on the money. The popular sumo official is not someone who has a reputation for deceiving or betraying people. On the other hand, he tends to listen to too many opinions and gets confused, "and when blood goes to his head he can become obstinate." His judgment and leadership have come under questioning. And when the controversy surrounding sumo reached a crescendo, he retreated into a shell, and the JSA didn't have a way of forcing him to snap out if it.
北の湖理事長は、自ら取った全取組をすべて覚えている。相撲の解説をさせると、その分析も実に的確だ。「人をだましたり、裏切ったりするような人ではない」と人望も厚かった。しかし、一方で「多くの人の意見を聞き過ぎて混乱してしまう」「頭に血が上ると意固地になる」など、判断力や統率力には疑問符がつけられていた。周囲の騒ぎが大きくなるほど自らの殻に閉じこもるその傾向を、方向転換させる機能自体が協会内部にはなかった。

In the rankings for the Autumn Grand Sumo Tournament, foreign-born wrestlers accounted for 59 of 720 wrestlers, or 8 percent of the total. But nearly 30 percent, or 21 of 69 sekitori (wrestlers ranked in the top two juryo and makuuchi divisions who can expect to earn 1 million yen or more monthly), are foreigners. (including Roho and Hakurozan, the Russian brothers who have tested positively for marijuana).
◇関取３割、外国出身　出世早く悪行看過の風潮
大相撲秋場所の番付で、外国出身力士は全力士７２０人中５９人で、その割合は８％。ところが、最低でも月給１００万円を支給される十両以上の「関取」では、６９人中２１人で、３割にはね上がる（露鵬、白露山を含む）。

The foreign-born wrestlers hail mostly from former Communist bloc countries: there are 13 sekitori from Mongolia, three from Russia, and two from Georgia. Most are athletes with accomplished records in wrestling or Mongolian sumo, and their motive for entering sumo was clearly to earn money to send home. They climbed the ranks rapidly and usually became sekitori within two to three years of their sumo debut.
外国出身力士は、モンゴル（関取１３人）、ロシア（同３人）、グルジア（同２人）など、旧共産圏出身が中心だ。その多くがレスリングやモンゴル相撲などで好成績を上げたアスリートで、「稼いで祖国に仕送りする」と角界入りの動機も明快だ。昇進は早く、初土俵から２～３年もすると関取になる。

When a foreign-born wrestler becomes a sumo apprentice, he commutes to the sumo training center to learn history, sports medicine, and other subjects. However, the JSA is not in charge of teaching him Japanese. Hakuho and Kotooshu, for example, were taught by the wife of a stablemate and some older apprentices, dictionaries in hand. The reality is that the Japanese language education of sumo apprentices is conducted in their stables.
外国出身者でも、新弟子になると、相撲教習所に通い、歴史や運動医学などを勉強する。ところが日本語を教える機関は日本相撲協会にはなく、白鵬や琴欧洲らは「おかみさんや兄弟子に辞書片手に教えてもらった」と言う。日本語習得は、部屋頼みなのが実情だ。

Because they are good athletes, and have a strong desire to climb the ranks, they quickly surpass their Japanese peers. In a world where differences in rank determine whether one is noticed or ignored, their acquisition of Japanese language takes a back seat, and they become stable leaders without learning the customs and conventions of the sumo world. But one JSA official says that "strength isn't everything" and is concerned that this situation will "lead to the demise of the Way of Sumo."
ところが、もともと運動能力が高く、番付を上げたい気持ちも人一倍強いため、日本人の兄弟子をアッという間に追い越す。「番付一枚違えば家来同然、一段違えば虫けら同然」の社会で、番付に日本語習得が追い付かず、角界の習慣や常識を身につけぬまま、部屋のまとめ役「部屋頭」になってしまう。「強ければいいではない。これでは相撲道が廃れる」との声は、協会内にも強い。

Upon promotion to sekitori status, sekitori can throw parties and set up their own support groups. It is not unusual for popular wrestlers to have many supporters, and to rake in more than 10 million yen in proceeds from a single party. According to one stablemaster, popular wrestlers, "whether Japanese or foreign, have frequent engagements." That is why sekitori are known as "rice chests," or breadwinners.
また、関取になれば、パーティーを開いたり、後援会をつくることもできる。人気力士になれば、後援団体も増え、１回のパーティーで１０００万円単位の収入を得ることも珍しくない。「日本人、外国人の別なく人気が出ればお座敷に呼ばれる数も多い」と、ある親方はいう。関取が別名「米びつ」と呼ばれるゆえんだ。

In such a culture, a little bad behavior tends to get overlooked. There have been frequent cases of smoking in dressing rooms, listening to loud music, and destruction of furnishings. And there are no older wrestlers and masters around to issue stern words of caution.
かくして、少々の悪行も看過される風潮が生まれた。支度部屋で喫煙したり、大音量で音楽を聴いて迷惑をかけ、時には備品を壊すといった乱行が頻発。それを厳しく注意する先輩、師匠もいない現状にいたっている。

One stablemaster voiced the hope that "internationalization not be left to the stables and be handled by the association."
ある親方は「国際化への対応は部屋に任せず、協会でやってほしい」と注文する。

以下は相撲スキャンダル関連情報です（srachai）：
↓↓↓
◇名横綱、名理事長ならず－－スポーツジャーナリスト・二宮清純氏
北の湖理事長は、時津風部屋事件の時に辞任すべきで、遅きに失した。当時も自浄能力を示さず、今回も、薬物検査の結果を信用しないと言わんばかりの態度だった。「土俵の充実」だけを口にし、土俵の外にあまりにも無関心だった。名横綱ではあったが、名理事長ではなかった。

２１世紀に入り、相撲を取り巻く環境は激変した。少子化で力士志望者が減り、バブル崩壊後は地方巡業も昔のようにいかなくなった。伝統を守るためには改革が必要だ。ところが、何もしないことが伝統を守ることだと錯覚しているように映った。外国出身力士が増加したのに教育も見直さず、いじめが社会問題になっても相撲界のいじめを防げなかった。

相撲が日本の国技で日本の文化、伝統を背負っていることを丁寧に教えなければならない。横綱には「品格」「力量」の二つが求められる。ところが外国出身力士のほとんどが、それを知らなかった。彼らにその話をすると興味を示してくるので、教わっていないだけだろうと感じた。

理事長に意見する人間もおらず、裸の王様に近かったのではないか。特に年寄名跡（親方株）を持たないと理事になれない仕組みが理事の既得権を守り、理事会に外部の血を導入する妨げになっている。これでは改革は進まない。まず、理事に外部の人間が入れるような制度設計を新理事長は進めるべきだ。（談）

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

◇北の湖理事長時代の主な不祥事や処分◇
＜０６年＞
７月　幕内・露鵬が名古屋場所中に、毎日新聞カメラマンら２人を殴る。３日間出場停止。
＜０７年＞
５月　幕内・旭天鵬が４月末、乗用車を運転（力士は禁止）し人身事故。夏場所の出場停止と減俸。
６月　武蔵川部屋所属の山分親方（元小結・和歌乃山）がけいこ中に力士を殴り、傷害容疑で９月に書類送検。
８月　横綱・朝青龍が巡業休場中、モンゴルに無断帰国しサッカーに興じ、２場所出場停止や減俸。師匠の高砂親方（元大関・朝潮）も減俸。
１０月　時津風部屋の力士暴行死問題で、時津風親方（元小結・双津竜）を解雇。北の湖理事長（元横綱・北の湖）ら役員が自主減俸。前親方と弟子３人は０８年２月に傷害致死容疑で逮捕。
＜０８年＞
５月　十両・豊桜と間垣親方（元横綱・二代目若乃花）が、それぞれ部屋で若手力士への暴力行為が発覚。両者とも減俸。
８月　ロシア出身の幕内・若ノ鵬が大麻取締法違反（所持）容疑で逮捕され、解雇。師匠の間垣親方が理事職を辞任。
９月　若ノ鵬の逮捕を受け、協会が実施した尿検査で同じロシア出身の幕内・露鵬、十両・白露山の兄弟からも大麻の陽性反応。精密検査でも陽性で両力士を解雇。それぞれの師匠の北の湖理事長が理事長職を辞任、大嶽親方（元関脇・貴闘力）は２階級降格で年寄に。
※肩書は当時

毎日新聞　2008年9月9日　東京朝刊

ｼｮｰﾄｶｯﾄｷｰで楽な編集を

ｼｮｰﾄｶｯﾄｷｰで楽な編集を

アドセンスの仕事をしていて毎日の作業の大半はＨＴＭＬファイルの編集作業であることに気がつきました。この延々と続く作業を少しでも楽にするためにショートカットキーをうまく利用しましょう。スラチャイが編集作業でもっとも頻繁に使用するショートカットキーは以下の通りです。

Ctrl+C 文字列を反転した状態で文字列のコピーを行う (copy)
Ctrl+X 文字列を反転した状態で文字列の切り取りを行う (cut)
Ctrl+V コピーや切り取りをした文字列を貼り付ける (paste)
Fn+← 文字列の先頭にカーソルを一気に移動させる
Fn+→ 文字列の末尾にカーソルを一気に移動させる
Fn+↑ 一画面上にスクロールする
Fn+↓ 一画面下にスクロールする

ショートカットは無数にありますが、編集作業で一番使うものは Ctrl+C,X,V につきると思います。 これらのショートカットキーを自分の手足のように自由に使用できるようになるまで訓練することが必要ですが、この技術を身につけてしまえばその後の編集作業の労力はかなり軽減されると思います。
次回は検索、置き換えを上手に使用するというテーマでアドセンスの技術を書き下ろす予定です。お楽しみに。