米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない

The Yomiuri Shimbun June 12, 2013
China's reliance on force hampers its pursuit of coexistence with U.S.
米中首脳会談　力に依存しては共存できない（6月11日付・読売社説）

For stability in the Asia-Pacific region, it is essential that the United States and China--the world’s sole superpower and the second-largest military and economic power--take confidence-building measures.
　超大国の米国と世界第２位の軍事・経済大国である中国が信頼醸成を図ることは、アジア太平洋の安定に欠かせない。

Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the United States and met with U.S. President Barack Obama at a retreat in California. It is unusual for a Chinese president to visit the United States only three months after his inauguration to meet with a U.S. president.
　中国の習近平国家主席が米国を訪問し、オバマ大統領とカリフォルニア州の保養施設で会談した。中国の国家主席が就任後わずか３か月で訪米し、米大統領と会談したのは異例だ。

Through eight hours over two days, the two leaders discussed a new cooperative bilateral relationship. They agreed to step up pressure on North Korea over its nuclear programs and promote measures to address global warming. But their differences in intentions were conspicuous.
　２日間計約８時間にわたる会談を通じ、両首脳は米中両国の新たな協力関係を巡って協議した。北朝鮮の核問題での圧力強化や地球温暖化対策推進で一致したが、思惑の違いも目立った。

The “new model for a relationship between major countries” that Xi is seeking is a relationship with the United States on an equal footing, in which both sides respect each other’s social systems and core interests. Close attention should be paid to Xi’s remarks during the talks that “the vast Pacific Ocean has enough space for the two large nations of China and the United States.”
　習氏が目指す「新型の大国関係」とは、相互の社会制度や「核心的利益」を尊重する、米国と対等の関係である。会談で習氏が「広大な太平洋には両大国を受け入れる十分な空間がある」と語ったことには注意を払わねばならない。

Obama, for his part, called for a “peaceful rise” of China based on the premise that it abide by international rules.
　これに対し、オバマ氏は国際ルールの順守を前提にした「平和的な台頭」を中国に求めた。

Cybersecurity concerns

Xi also requested information regarding U.S.-led Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade talks. Beijing apparently is wary that the envisaged trade framework could effectively contain China.
　習氏は、米国主導の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉に関する情報提供も要請した。対中包囲網への警戒感があるのだろう。

Obama expressed concerns regarding the focal issue of cyber-attacks seeking illegal access to data, saying resolving cybersecurity issues would be key to the future of U.S.-China economic relations. His remarks are based on suspicions voiced in the United States that the Chinese government is involved in such activities.
　焦点のサイバー攻撃による情報不正入手問題で、オバマ氏は、中国政府が関与しているとの米側の疑念を背景に、「この問題の解決は米中経済関係の将来のカギを握る」と懸念を示した。

As long as Xi insists that China is also “a victim of cyber-attacks,” Beijing should take measures to block hacking in cooperation with the United States.
　習氏が「中国は被害者だ」と強調する以上、不正入手阻止の対策を米国と進めてもらいたい。

As for the Japan-China confrontation over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, Obama called for dialogue through diplomatic channels rather than actions on the East China Sea. This was meant to persuade China--which continues its saber-rattling by allowing its marine surveillance ships and other vessels to enter Japan’s territorial waters near the Senkaku Islands--to exercise self-restraint.
　沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日中対立について、オバマ氏は「東シナ海での行動ではなく、外交ルートを通じた対話」を求めた。海洋監視船などを尖閣周辺の日本領海に侵入させる示威行動をやめない中国に自制を迫ったものだ。

But Xi said he hopes those concerned, apparently referring to Japan among others, will stop taking provocative actions and promptly return to a track of settling problems appropriately through dialogue. This is an extremely self-serving stance. It is China that must restrain its excessive provocations.
　だが、習氏が逆に日本などを念頭に、「挑発を停止し、対話を通じ適切に問題を解決する軌道へ早期に戻るよう望む」と語ったのは身勝手に過ぎる。中国こそ、過激な挑発行動を控えるべきだ。

Must behave responsibly

China’s attempts to unilaterally expand its maritime interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea appear to contradict the “peaceful development” policy it vocally advocates.
　中国が「核心的利益」とみなして、東シナ海や南シナ海で一方的に海洋権益拡大を図っているのは、自らが標榜(ひょうぼう)する「平和発展」に矛盾する行動ではないか。

If China seeks an equal relationship of coexistence with the United States, it must behave responsibly to achieve that end. Complying with international rules is a minimum obligation for Beijing.
　米国と対等の共存関係を主張するなら、それに見合った責任ある態度が求められる。国際ルールの順守は最低限の義務である。

The Japanese and U.S. governments are planning to set up a bilateral summit meeting to coincide with an upcoming Group of Eight summit meeting of major nations. Japan needs to reconfirm the importance of the Japan-U.S. alliance without lowering its guard against China, which is trying to reassure itself that it is indeed a major nation by relying on its mighty power.
　日米両政府は、主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）に合わせて首脳会談を開く方向だ。日本は、力に依存した大国意識を高める中国への警戒を緩めず、日米同盟の重要性を再確認する必要がある。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 11, 2013)
（2013年6月11日01時18分 読売新聞）