防衛白書 中国軍増強は国際社会の懸念

The Yomiuri Shimbun (Sep. 14, 2010)
China's military buildup worries intl community
防衛白書　中国軍増強は国際社会の懸念（9月12日付・読売社説）

China's military buildup, as well as the activities of its navy and air force, are a common concern among many countries in the region. Japan must repeatedly hold constructive talks with China, and strongly and tenaciously call on that country to dispel such concerns.
　中国の軍備増強と海空軍の活動には、多くの周辺国が「懸念」を共有している。日本は、中国との建設的な対話を重ね、懸念を解消するよう粘り強く求めることが肝要である。

The 2010 white paper on defense explicitly says that the opaqueness of China's defense policy and military power is a matter of concern to Japan and other countries in this part of the world and in the larger international community. It also states the need to meticulously analyze China's activities.
　２０１０年版防衛白書は、中国の「国防政策の不透明性や軍事力の動向」が「わが国を含む地域・国際社会にとっての懸念事項」と明記し、「慎重に分析していく必要がある」と指摘した。

China's military might has been an important theme in defense white papers in recent years, but the level of concern expressed in this year's report is greater than before. This is very natural in view of the rapid modernization of China's military forces and the expansion of the range of its military activities.
　中国の軍事力は近年の白書の重要テーマだったが、今年は、より明確に「懸念」を打ち出した。その急速な近代化や活動範囲の拡大を踏まえれば、当然だろう。

In the South China Sea, friction between China and Southeast Asian countries has been increasing. There were a number of threatening moves this spring: A fleet of 10 Chinese warships, including destroyers, entered an area west of Japan's southernmost island, Okinotorishima, and a ship-based helicopter flew extremely close to a Maritime Self-Defense Force destroyer on two occasions.
　南シナ海では、東南アジア各国との摩擦が増えている。今春には中国海軍の駆逐艦など１０隻が沖ノ鳥島西方まで進出し、艦載ヘリが海上自衛隊の護衛艦に異常接近する示威的行動を繰り返した。

The Chinese Navy's activities are considered to be part of its "anti-access strategy" to hamper the engagement of the U.S. military in regional conflicts, such as an emergency involving China and Taiwan. The United States, as a result, is increasingly vigilant toward Chinese naval moves.
　中国海軍の一連の活動は、中台有事など紛争への米軍の関与を阻む「接近拒否戦略」の一環と見られ、米国も警戒を強めている。

===

China's expanding 'core'

China has begun to apply the expression "core interests," which it has used regarding its sovereignty and territorial integrity concerning Taiwan, to the South China Sea as well. A similar phrase is certain to be used in the future to describe China's efforts to secure its maritime interests in the East China Sea.
　中国は最近、台湾問題などに使ってきた「核心的利益」という表現を南シナ海に使い始めた。将来は、東シナ海の海洋権益確保についても、同様の表現を使う日が来ることも否定できない。

How should Japan deal with such Chinese moves?
　日本はどう対応すべきか。

First and foremost, Japan must reconstruct a system in which the Japan-U.S. alliance can function properly. It is essential to restore the relationship of trust with Washington, which has been damaged by the immature diplomacy of the Democratic Party of Japan-led government.
　まず日米同盟がきちんと機能する体制を再構築することだ。民主党政権の未熟な外交で傷ついた信頼関係の回復が欠かせない。

The peacetime warning and surveillance activities of the Self-Defense Forces must be bolstered. Such efforts are intended to strengthen "active deterrence" through troop operations, as opposed to "passive deterrence" through only the possession of military units and equipment.
　自衛隊は、平時の警戒監視活動を強める必要がある。単なる部隊と装備の保有による「静的抑止力」でなく、部隊運用を通じた「動的抑止力」を強化するものだ。

For this reason, it is problematic that Japan's defense spending has declined 5 percent in the past decade. China's military expenditures approximately quadrupled during the same period, and those of the United States and South Korea more than doubled.
　その観点で、中国の国防費は過去１０年で約４倍、米国や韓国も２倍以上になったのに、日本だけが５％減っている現状は問題だ。

It is also important to make efforts--through defense exchange programs and security dialogue--to have Beijing enhance the transparency of its military spending and activities, and comply with international rules.
　中国との防衛交流や安保対話を通じて、国防費や軍の活動の透明性の向上や、国際ルールの順守を働きかけることも重要となる。

===

No concrete results

Recent years saw progress in exchanging visits by defense ministers, officers and warships between Japan and China. But those activities did not bring about such concrete results as the establishment of a mechanism for maritime communications to prevent accidents and joint training for search and rescue operations.
　近年は、防衛相や制服組幹部、艦船の相互訪問など交流は進んでいるが、事故防止のための海上連絡メカニズムの構築や、捜索・救難の共同訓練の実施といった具体的成果にはつながっていない。

The defense white paper was supposed to be released in late July, as usual. But publication was postponed until last week on the pretext of adding the moves of the United Nations concerning the sinking of a South Korean warship.
　防衛白書は本来、７月末に発表される予定だったが、韓国哨戒艦沈没事件に関する国連の動きを追加するとの名目で延期された。

But the additional portion accounts for a mere one paragraph in the main text and a sidebar. The real reason for the postponement was obviously excessive consideration to South Korea ahead of the 100th anniversary of Japan's annexation of the Korean Peninsula in August.
　だが、その追加部分は本文１段落とコラムにすぎない。真の延期理由が日韓併合１００年を控えた韓国への過剰な配慮だったのは明らかだ。

The government should avoid such a poor approach based on a principle of peace at any price.
こうした稚拙な事なかれ主義の対応は厳に慎むべきだ。

(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Sept. 12, 2010)
（2010年9月12日01時08分 読売新聞）